annotate docs/WAC2016/sig-alternate-sample.tex @ 1102:b5bf2f57187c

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author Nicholas Jillings <n.g.r.jillings@se14.qmul.ac.uk>
date Tue, 08 Mar 2016 14:44:14 +0000
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n@1102 1 % This is "sig-alternate.tex" V2.1 April 2013
n@1102 2 % This file should be compiled with V2.8 of "sig-alternate.cls" May 2012
n@1102 3 %
n@1102 4 % This example file demonstrates the use of the 'sig-alternate.cls'
n@1102 5 % V2.8 LaTeX2e document class file. It is for those submitting
n@1102 6 % articles to ACM Conference Proceedings WHO DO NOT WISH TO
n@1102 7 % STRICTLY ADHERE TO THE SIGS (PUBS-BOARD-ENDORSED) STYLE.
n@1102 8 % The 'sig-alternate.cls' file will produce a similar-looking,
n@1102 9 % albeit, 'tighter' paper resulting in, invariably, fewer pages.
n@1102 10 %
n@1102 11 % ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
n@1102 12 % This .tex file (and associated .cls V2.8) produces:
n@1102 13 % 1) The Permission Statement
n@1102 14 % 2) The Conference (location) Info information
n@1102 15 % 3) The Copyright Line with ACM data
n@1102 16 % 4) NO page numbers
n@1102 17 %
n@1102 18 % as against the acm_proc_article-sp.cls file which
n@1102 19 % DOES NOT produce 1) thru' 3) above.
n@1102 20 %
n@1102 21 % Using 'sig-alternate.cls' you have control, however, from within
n@1102 22 % the source .tex file, over both the CopyrightYear
n@1102 23 % (defaulted to 200X) and the ACM Copyright Data
n@1102 24 % (defaulted to X-XXXXX-XX-X/XX/XX).
n@1102 25 % e.g.
n@1102 26 % \CopyrightYear{2007} will cause 2007 to appear in the copyright line.
n@1102 27 % \crdata{0-12345-67-8/90/12} will cause 0-12345-67-8/90/12 to appear in the copyright line.
n@1102 28 %
n@1102 29 % ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
n@1102 30 % This .tex source is an example which *does* use
n@1102 31 % the .bib file (from which the .bbl file % is produced).
n@1102 32 % REMEMBER HOWEVER: After having produced the .bbl file,
n@1102 33 % and prior to final submission, you *NEED* to 'insert'
n@1102 34 % your .bbl file into your source .tex file so as to provide
n@1102 35 % ONE 'self-contained' source file.
n@1102 36 %
n@1102 37 % ================= IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS =======================
n@1102 38 % Questions regarding the SIGS styles, SIGS policies and
n@1102 39 % procedures, Conferences etc. should be sent to
n@1102 40 % Adrienne Griscti (griscti@acm.org)
n@1102 41 %
n@1102 42 % Technical questions _only_ to
n@1102 43 % Gerald Murray (murray@hq.acm.org)
n@1102 44 % ===============================================================
n@1102 45 %
n@1102 46 % For tracking purposes - this is V2.0 - May 2012
n@1102 47
n@1102 48 \documentclass{sig-alternate}
n@1102 49
n@1102 50 \setlength{\paperheight}{11in}
n@1102 51 \setlength{\paperwidth}{8.5in}
n@1102 52 \usepackage[
n@1102 53 pass,% keep layout unchanged
n@1102 54 % showframe,% show the layout
n@1102 55 ]{geometry}
n@1102 56
n@1102 57 \begin{document}
n@1102 58
n@1102 59 % Copyright
n@1102 60 \setcopyright{waclicense}
n@1102 61
n@1102 62
n@1102 63 %% DOI
n@1102 64 %\doi{10.475/123_4}
n@1102 65 %
n@1102 66 %% ISBN
n@1102 67 %\isbn{123-4567-24-567/08/06}
n@1102 68 %
n@1102 69 %%Conference
n@1102 70 %\conferenceinfo{PLDI '13}{June 16--19, 2013, Seattle, WA, USA}
n@1102 71 %
n@1102 72 %\acmPrice{\$15.00}
n@1102 73
n@1102 74 %
n@1102 75 % --- Author Metadata here ---
n@1102 76 \conferenceinfo{Web Audio Conference WAC-2016,}{April 4--6, 2016, Atlanta, USA.}
n@1102 77 \CopyrightYear{2016} % Allows default copyright year (20XX) to be over-ridden - IF NEED BE.
n@1102 78 %\crdata{0-12345-67-8/90/01} % Allows default copyright data (0-89791-88-6/97/05) to be over-ridden - IF NEED BE.
n@1102 79 % --- End of Author Metadata ---
n@1102 80
n@1102 81 \title{Latex Template for WAC 2016}
n@1102 82 %\subtitle{[Extended Abstract]
n@1102 83 %\titlenote{A full version of this paper is available as
n@1102 84 %\textit{Author's Guide to Preparing ACM SIG Proceedings Using
n@1102 85 %\LaTeX$2_\epsilon$\ and BibTeX} at
n@1102 86 %\texttt{www.acm.org/eaddress.htm}}}
n@1102 87 %
n@1102 88 % You need the command \numberofauthors to handle the 'placement
n@1102 89 % and alignment' of the authors beneath the title.
n@1102 90 %
n@1102 91 % For aesthetic reasons, we recommend 'three authors at a time'
n@1102 92 % i.e. three 'name/affiliation blocks' be placed beneath the title.
n@1102 93 %
n@1102 94 % NOTE: You are NOT restricted in how many 'rows' of
n@1102 95 % "name/affiliations" may appear. We just ask that you restrict
n@1102 96 % the number of 'columns' to three.
n@1102 97 %
n@1102 98 % Because of the available 'opening page real-estate'
n@1102 99 % we ask you to refrain from putting more than six authors
n@1102 100 % (two rows with three columns) beneath the article title.
n@1102 101 % More than six makes the first-page appear very cluttered indeed.
n@1102 102 %
n@1102 103 % Use the \alignauthor commands to handle the names
n@1102 104 % and affiliations for an 'aesthetic maximum' of six authors.
n@1102 105 % Add names, affiliations, addresses for
n@1102 106 % the seventh etc. author(s) as the argument for the
n@1102 107 % \additionalauthors command.
n@1102 108 % These 'additional authors' will be output/set for you
n@1102 109 % without further effort on your part as the last section in
n@1102 110 % the body of your article BEFORE References or any Appendices.
n@1102 111
n@1102 112 \numberofauthors{8} % in this sample file, there are a *total*
n@1102 113 % of EIGHT authors. SIX appear on the 'first-page' (for formatting
n@1102 114 % reasons) and the remaining two appear in the \additionalauthors section.
n@1102 115 %
n@1102 116 \author{
n@1102 117 % You can go ahead and credit any number of authors here,
n@1102 118 % e.g. one 'row of three' or two rows (consisting of one row of three
n@1102 119 % and a second row of one, two or three).
n@1102 120 %
n@1102 121 % The command \alignauthor (no curly braces needed) should
n@1102 122 % precede each author name, affiliation/snail-mail address and
n@1102 123 % e-mail address. Additionally, tag each line of
n@1102 124 % affiliation/address with \affaddr, and tag the
n@1102 125 % e-mail address with \email.
n@1102 126 %
n@1102 127 % 1st. author
n@1102 128 \alignauthor
n@1102 129 Ben Trovato\titlenote{Dr.~Trovato insisted his name be first.}\\
n@1102 130 \affaddr{Institute for Clarity in Documentation}\\
n@1102 131 \affaddr{1932 Wallamaloo Lane}\\
n@1102 132 \email{trovato@corporation.com}
n@1102 133 % 2nd. author
n@1102 134 \alignauthor
n@1102 135 G.K.M. Tobin\titlenote{The secretary disavows
n@1102 136 any knowledge of this author's actions.}\\
n@1102 137 \affaddr{Institute for Clarity in Documentation}\\
n@1102 138 \affaddr{P.O. Box 1212}\\
n@1102 139 \email{webmaster@marysville-ohio.com}
n@1102 140 % 3rd. author
n@1102 141 \alignauthor Lars Th{\o}rv{\"a}ld\titlenote{This author is the
n@1102 142 one who did all the really hard work.}\\
n@1102 143 \affaddr{The Th{\o}rv{\"a}ld Group}\\
n@1102 144 \affaddr{1 Th{\o}rv{\"a}ld Circle}\\
n@1102 145 \email{larst@affiliation.org}
n@1102 146 \and % use '\and' if you need 'another row' of author names
n@1102 147 % 4th. author
n@1102 148 \alignauthor Lawrence P. Leipuner\\
n@1102 149 \affaddr{Brookhaven Laboratories}\\
n@1102 150 \affaddr{Brookhaven National Lab}\\
n@1102 151 \email{lleipuner@researchlabs.org}
n@1102 152 % 5th. author
n@1102 153 \alignauthor Sean Fogarty\\
n@1102 154 \affaddr{NASA Ames Research Center}\\
n@1102 155 \affaddr{Moffett Field}\\
n@1102 156 \email{fogartys@amesres.org}
n@1102 157 % 6th. author
n@1102 158 \alignauthor Charles Palmer\\
n@1102 159 \affaddr{Palmer Research Laboratories}\\
n@1102 160 \affaddr{8600 Datapoint Drive}\\
n@1102 161 \email{cpalmer@prl.com}
n@1102 162 }
n@1102 163 % There's nothing stopping you putting the seventh, eighth, etc.
n@1102 164 % author on the opening page (as the 'third row') but we ask,
n@1102 165 % for aesthetic reasons that you place these 'additional authors'
n@1102 166 % in the \additional authors block, viz.
n@1102 167 \additionalauthors{Additional authors: John Smith (The Th{\o}rv{\"a}ld Group,
n@1102 168 email: {\texttt{jsmith@affiliation.org}}) and Julius P.~Kumquat
n@1102 169 (The Kumquat Consortium, email: {\texttt{jpkumquat@consortium.net}}).}
n@1102 170 \date{30 July 1999}
n@1102 171 % Just remember to make sure that the TOTAL number of authors
n@1102 172 % is the number that will appear on the first page PLUS the
n@1102 173 % number that will appear in the \additionalauthors section.
n@1102 174
n@1102 175 \maketitle
n@1102 176 \begin{sloppypar}
n@1102 177 \begin{abstract}
n@1102 178 In this paper, we describe the formatting guidelines for the Proceedings of the Web Audio Conference 2016. This template has been adapted from the ACM SIG Proceedings Template available at www.acm.org.\footnote{\url{http://www.acm.org/publications/article-templates/proceedings-template.html}} This paper provides a sample of a \LaTeX\ document which conforms,
n@1102 179 somewhat loosely, to the formatting guidelines for
n@1102 180 ACM SIG Proceedings. It is an {\em alternate} style which produces
n@1102 181 a {\em tighter-looking} paper and was designed in response to
n@1102 182 concerns expressed, by authors, over page-budgets.
n@1102 183 It complements the document \textit{Author's (Alternate) Guide to
n@1102 184 Preparing ACM SIG Proceedings Using \LaTeX$2_\epsilon$\ and Bib\TeX}.
n@1102 185 This source file has been written with the intention of being
n@1102 186 compiled under \LaTeX$2_\epsilon$\ and BibTeX.
n@1102 187
n@1102 188 The developers have tried to include every imaginable sort
n@1102 189 of ``bells and whistles", such as a subtitle, footnotes on
n@1102 190 title, subtitle and authors, as well as in the text, and
n@1102 191 every optional component (e.g. Acknowledgments, Additional
n@1102 192 Authors, Appendices), not to mention examples of
n@1102 193 equations, theorems, tables and figures.
n@1102 194
n@1102 195 To make best use of this sample document, run it through \LaTeX\
n@1102 196 and BibTeX, and compare this source code with the printed
n@1102 197 output produced by the dvi file. A compiled PDF version
n@1102 198 is available on the web page to help you with the
n@1102 199 `look and feel'.
n@1102 200 \end{abstract}
n@1102 201
n@1102 202
n@1102 203 %
n@1102 204 % The code below should be generated by the tool at
n@1102 205 % http://dl.acm.org/ccs.cfm
n@1102 206 % Please copy and paste the code instead of the example below.
n@1102 207 %
n@1102 208 %\begin{CCSXML}
n@1102 209 %<ccs2012>
n@1102 210 %<concept>
n@1102 211 %<concept_id>10010520.10010553.10010562</concept_id>
n@1102 212 %<concept_desc>Computer systems organization~Embedded systems</concept_desc>
n@1102 213 %<concept_significance>500</concept_significance>
n@1102 214 %</concept>
n@1102 215 %<concept>
n@1102 216 %<concept_id>10010520.10010575.10010755</concept_id>
n@1102 217 %<concept_desc>Computer systems organization~Redundancy</concept_desc>
n@1102 218 %<concept_significance>300</concept_significance>
n@1102 219 %</concept>
n@1102 220 %<concept>
n@1102 221 %<concept_id>10010520.10010553.10010554</concept_id>
n@1102 222 %<concept_desc>Computer systems organization~Robotics</concept_desc>
n@1102 223 %<concept_significance>100</concept_significance>
n@1102 224 %</concept>
n@1102 225 %<concept>
n@1102 226 %<concept_id>10003033.10003083.10003095</concept_id>
n@1102 227 %<concept_desc>Networks~Network reliability</concept_desc>
n@1102 228 %<concept_significance>100</concept_significance>
n@1102 229 %</concept>
n@1102 230 %</ccs2012>
n@1102 231 %\end{CCSXML}
n@1102 232 %
n@1102 233 %\ccsdesc[500]{Computer systems organization~Embedded systems}
n@1102 234 %\ccsdesc[300]{Computer systems organization~Redundancy}
n@1102 235 %\ccsdesc{Computer systems organization~Robotics}
n@1102 236 %\ccsdesc[100]{Networks~Network reliability}
n@1102 237 %
n@1102 238 %
n@1102 239 %%
n@1102 240 %% End generated code
n@1102 241 %%
n@1102 242 %
n@1102 243 %%
n@1102 244 %% Use this command to print the description
n@1102 245 %%
n@1102 246 %\printccsdesc
n@1102 247 %
n@1102 248 %% We no longer use \terms command
n@1102 249 %%\terms{Theory}
n@1102 250 %
n@1102 251 %\keywords{ACM proceedings, \LaTeX, text tagging}
n@1102 252
n@1102 253 \section{Introduction}
n@1102 254 The \textit{proceedings} are the records of a conference.
n@1102 255 ACM seeks to give these conference by-products a uniform,
n@1102 256 high-quality appearance. To do this, ACM has some rigid
n@1102 257 requirements for the format of the proceedings documents: there
n@1102 258 is a specified format (balanced double columns), a specified
n@1102 259 set of fonts (Arial or Helvetica and Times Roman) in
n@1102 260 certain specified sizes (for instance, 9 point for body copy),
n@1102 261 a specified live area (18 $\times$ 23.5 cm [7" $\times$ 9.25"]) centered on
n@1102 262 the page, specified size of margins (1.9 cm [0.75"]) top, (2.54 cm [1"]) bottom
n@1102 263 and (1.9 cm [.75"]) left and right; specified column width
n@1102 264 (8.45 cm [3.33"]) and gutter size (.83 cm [.33"]).
n@1102 265
n@1102 266 The good news is, with only a handful of manual
n@1102 267 settings\footnote{Two of these, the {\texttt{\char'134 numberofauthors}}
n@1102 268 and {\texttt{\char'134 alignauthor}} commands, you have
n@1102 269 already used; another, {\texttt{\char'134 balancecolumns}}, will
n@1102 270 be used in your very last run of \LaTeX\ to ensure
n@1102 271 balanced column heights on the last page.}, the \LaTeX\ document
n@1102 272 class file handles all of this for you.
n@1102 273
n@1102 274 The remainder of this document is concerned with showing, in
n@1102 275 the context of an ``actual'' document, the \LaTeX\ commands
n@1102 276 specifically available for denoting the structure of a
n@1102 277 proceedings paper, rather than with giving rigorous descriptions
n@1102 278 or explanations of such commands.
n@1102 279
n@1102 280 \section{The {\secit Body} of The Paper}
n@1102 281 Typically, the body of a paper is organized
n@1102 282 into a hierarchical structure, with numbered or unnumbered
n@1102 283 headings for sections, subsections, sub-subsections, and even
n@1102 284 smaller sections. The command \texttt{{\char'134}section} that
n@1102 285 precedes this paragraph is part of such a
n@1102 286 hierarchy.\footnote{This is the second footnote. It
n@1102 287 starts a series of three footnotes that add nothing
n@1102 288 informational, but just give an idea of how footnotes work
n@1102 289 and look. It is a wordy one, just so you see
n@1102 290 how a longish one plays out.} \LaTeX\ handles the numbering
n@1102 291 and placement of these headings for you, when you use
n@1102 292 the appropriate heading commands around the titles
n@1102 293 of the headings. If you want a sub-subsection or
n@1102 294 smaller part to be unnumbered in your output, simply append an
n@1102 295 asterisk to the command name. Examples of both
n@1102 296 numbered and unnumbered headings will appear throughout the
n@1102 297 balance of this sample document.
n@1102 298
n@1102 299 Because the entire article is contained in
n@1102 300 the \textbf{document} environment, you can indicate the
n@1102 301 start of a new paragraph with a blank line in your
n@1102 302 input file; that is why this sentence forms a separate paragraph.
n@1102 303
n@1102 304 \subsection{Type Changes and {\subsecit Special} Characters}
n@1102 305 We have already seen several typeface changes in this sample. You
n@1102 306 can indicate italicized words or phrases in your text with
n@1102 307 the command \texttt{{\char'134}textit}; emboldening with the
n@1102 308 command \texttt{{\char'134}textbf}
n@1102 309 and typewriter-style (for instance, for computer code) with
n@1102 310 \texttt{{\char'134}texttt}. But remember, you do not
n@1102 311 have to indicate typestyle changes when such changes are
n@1102 312 part of the \textit{structural} elements of your
n@1102 313 article; for instance, the heading of this subsection will
n@1102 314 be in a sans serif\footnote{A third footnote, here.
n@1102 315 Let's make this a rather short one to
n@1102 316 see how it looks.} typeface, but that is handled by the
n@1102 317 document class file. Take care with the use
n@1102 318 of\footnote{A fourth, and last, footnote.}
n@1102 319 the curly braces in typeface changes; they mark
n@1102 320 the beginning and end of
n@1102 321 the text that is to be in the different typeface.
n@1102 322
n@1102 323 You can use whatever symbols, accented characters, or
n@1102 324 non-English characters you need anywhere in your document;
n@1102 325 you can find a complete list of what is
n@1102 326 available in the \textit{\LaTeX\
n@1102 327 User's Guide}\cite{Lamport:LaTeX}.
n@1102 328
n@1102 329 \subsection{Math Equations}
n@1102 330 You may want to display math equations in three distinct styles:
n@1102 331 inline, numbered or non-numbered display. Each of
n@1102 332 the three are discussed in the next sections.
n@1102 333
n@1102 334 \subsubsection{Inline (In-text) Equations}
n@1102 335 A formula that appears in the running text is called an
n@1102 336 inline or in-text formula. It is produced by the
n@1102 337 \textbf{math} environment, which can be
n@1102 338 invoked with the usual \texttt{{\char'134}begin. . .{\char'134}end}
n@1102 339 construction or with the short form \texttt{\$. . .\$}. You
n@1102 340 can use any of the symbols and structures,
n@1102 341 from $\alpha$ to $\omega$, available in
n@1102 342 \LaTeX\cite{Lamport:LaTeX}; this section will simply show a
n@1102 343 few examples of in-text equations in context. Notice how
n@1102 344 this equation: \begin{math}\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}x=0\end{math},
n@1102 345 set here in in-line math style, looks slightly different when
n@1102 346 set in display style. (See next section).
n@1102 347
n@1102 348 \subsubsection{Display Equations}
n@1102 349 A numbered display equation -- one set off by vertical space
n@1102 350 from the text and centered horizontally -- is produced
n@1102 351 by the \textbf{equation} environment. An unnumbered display
n@1102 352 equation is produced by the \textbf{displaymath} environment.
n@1102 353
n@1102 354 Again, in either environment, you can use any of the symbols
n@1102 355 and structures available in \LaTeX; this section will just
n@1102 356 give a couple of examples of display equations in context.
n@1102 357 First, consider the equation, shown as an inline equation above:
n@1102 358 \begin{equation}\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}x=0\end{equation}
n@1102 359 Notice how it is formatted somewhat differently in
n@1102 360 the \textbf{displaymath}
n@1102 361 environment. Now, we'll enter an unnumbered equation:
n@1102 362 \begin{displaymath}\sum_{i=0}^{\infty} x + 1\end{displaymath}
n@1102 363 and follow it with another numbered equation:
n@1102 364 \begin{equation}\sum_{i=0}^{\infty}x_i=\int_{0}^{\pi+2} f\end{equation}
n@1102 365 just to demonstrate \LaTeX's able handling of numbering.
n@1102 366
n@1102 367 \subsection{Citations}
n@1102 368 Citations to articles \cite{bowman:reasoning,
n@1102 369 clark:pct, braams:babel, herlihy:methodology},
n@1102 370 conference proceedings \cite{clark:pct} or
n@1102 371 books \cite{salas:calculus, Lamport:LaTeX} listed
n@1102 372 in the Bibliography section of your
n@1102 373 article will occur throughout the text of your article.
n@1102 374 You should use BibTeX to automatically produce this bibliography;
n@1102 375 you simply need to insert one of several citation commands with
n@1102 376 a key of the item cited in the proper location in
n@1102 377 the \texttt{.tex} file \cite{Lamport:LaTeX}.
n@1102 378 The key is a short reference you invent to uniquely
n@1102 379 identify each work; in this sample document, the key is
n@1102 380 the first author's surname and a
n@1102 381 word from the title. This identifying key is included
n@1102 382 with each item in the \texttt{.bib} file for your article.
n@1102 383
n@1102 384 The details of the construction of the \texttt{.bib} file
n@1102 385 are beyond the scope of this sample document, but more
n@1102 386 information can be found in the \textit{Author's Guide},
n@1102 387 and exhaustive details in the \textit{\LaTeX\ User's
n@1102 388 Guide}\cite{Lamport:LaTeX}.
n@1102 389
n@1102 390 This article shows only the plainest form
n@1102 391 of the citation command, using \texttt{{\char'134}cite}.
n@1102 392 This is what is stipulated in the SIGS style specifications.
n@1102 393 No other citation format is endorsed or supported.
n@1102 394
n@1102 395 \subsection{Tables}
n@1102 396 Because tables cannot be split across pages, the best
n@1102 397 placement for them is typically the top of the page
n@1102 398 nearest their initial cite. To
n@1102 399 ensure this proper ``floating'' placement of tables, use the
n@1102 400 environment \textbf{table} to enclose the table's contents and
n@1102 401 the table caption. The contents of the table itself must go
n@1102 402 in the \textbf{tabular} environment, to
n@1102 403 be aligned properly in rows and columns, with the desired
n@1102 404 horizontal and vertical rules. Again, detailed instructions
n@1102 405 on \textbf{tabular} material
n@1102 406 is found in the \textit{\LaTeX\ User's Guide}.
n@1102 407
n@1102 408 Immediately following this sentence is the point at which
n@1102 409 Table 1 is included in the input file; compare the
n@1102 410 placement of the table here with the table in the printed
n@1102 411 dvi output of this document.
n@1102 412
n@1102 413 \begin{table}
n@1102 414 \centering
n@1102 415 \caption{Frequency of Special Characters}
n@1102 416 \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|} \hline
n@1102 417 Non-English or Math&Frequency&Comments\\ \hline
n@1102 418 \O & 1 in 1,000& For Swedish names\\ \hline
n@1102 419 $\pi$ & 1 in 5& Common in math\\ \hline
n@1102 420 \$ & 4 in 5 & Used in business\\ \hline
n@1102 421 $\Psi^2_1$ & 1 in 40,000& Unexplained usage\\
n@1102 422 \hline\end{tabular}
n@1102 423 \end{table}
n@1102 424
n@1102 425 To set a wider table, which takes up the whole width of
n@1102 426 the page's live area, use the environment
n@1102 427 \textbf{table*} to enclose the table's contents and
n@1102 428 the table caption. As with a single-column table, this wide
n@1102 429 table will ``float" to a location deemed more desirable.
n@1102 430 Immediately following this sentence is the point at which
n@1102 431 Table 2 is included in the input file; again, it is
n@1102 432 instructive to compare the placement of the
n@1102 433 table here with the table in the printed dvi
n@1102 434 output of this document.
n@1102 435
n@1102 436
n@1102 437 \begin{table*}
n@1102 438 \centering
n@1102 439 \caption{Some Typical Commands}
n@1102 440 \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|} \hline
n@1102 441 Command&A Number&Comments\\ \hline
n@1102 442 \texttt{{\char'134}alignauthor} & 100& Author alignment\\ \hline
n@1102 443 \texttt{{\char'134}numberofauthors}& 200& Author enumeration\\ \hline
n@1102 444 \texttt{{\char'134}table}& 300 & For tables\\ \hline
n@1102 445 \texttt{{\char'134}table*}& 400& For wider tables\\ \hline\end{tabular}
n@1102 446 \end{table*}
n@1102 447 % end the environment with {table*}, NOTE not {table}!
n@1102 448
n@1102 449 \subsection{Figures}
n@1102 450 Like tables, figures cannot be split across pages; the
n@1102 451 best placement for them
n@1102 452 is typically the top or the bottom of the page nearest
n@1102 453 their initial cite. To ensure this proper ``floating'' placement
n@1102 454 of figures, use the environment
n@1102 455 \textbf{figure} to enclose the figure and its caption.
n@1102 456
n@1102 457 This sample document contains examples of \textbf{.eps} files to be
n@1102 458 displayable with \LaTeX. If you work with pdf\LaTeX, use files in the
n@1102 459 \textbf{.pdf} format. Note that most modern \TeX\ system will convert
n@1102 460 \textbf{.eps} to \textbf{.pdf} for you on the fly. More details on
n@1102 461 each of these is found in the \textit{Author's Guide}.
n@1102 462
n@1102 463 \begin{figure}
n@1102 464 \centering
n@1102 465 \includegraphics{fly}
n@1102 466 \caption{A sample black and white graphic.}
n@1102 467 \end{figure}
n@1102 468
n@1102 469 \begin{figure}
n@1102 470 \centering
n@1102 471 \includegraphics[height=1in, width=1in]{fly}
n@1102 472 \caption{A sample black and white graphic
n@1102 473 that has been resized with the \texttt{includegraphics} command.}
n@1102 474 \end{figure}
n@1102 475
n@1102 476
n@1102 477 As was the case with tables, you may want a figure
n@1102 478 that spans two columns. To do this, and still to
n@1102 479 ensure proper ``floating'' placement of tables, use the environment
n@1102 480 \textbf{figure*} to enclose the figure and its caption.
n@1102 481 and don't forget to end the environment with
n@1102 482 {figure*}, not {figure}!
n@1102 483
n@1102 484 \begin{figure*}
n@1102 485 \centering
n@1102 486 \includegraphics{flies}
n@1102 487 \caption{A sample black and white graphic
n@1102 488 that needs to span two columns of text.}
n@1102 489 \end{figure*}
n@1102 490
n@1102 491
n@1102 492 %\begin{figure}
n@1102 493 %\centering
n@1102 494 %\includegraphics[height=1in, width=1in]{rosette}
n@1102 495 %\caption{A sample black and white graphic that has
n@1102 496 %been resized with the \texttt{includegraphics} command.}
n@1102 497 %\vskip -6pt
n@1102 498 %\end{figure}
n@1102 499
n@1102 500 \subsection{Theorem-like Constructs}
n@1102 501 Other common constructs that may occur in your article are
n@1102 502 the forms for logical constructs like theorems, axioms,
n@1102 503 corollaries and proofs. There are
n@1102 504 two forms, one produced by the
n@1102 505 command \texttt{{\char'134}newtheorem} and the
n@1102 506 other by the command \texttt{{\char'134}newdef}; perhaps
n@1102 507 the clearest and easiest way to distinguish them is
n@1102 508 to compare the two in the output of this sample document:
n@1102 509
n@1102 510 This uses the \textbf{theorem} environment, created by
n@1102 511 the\linebreak\texttt{{\char'134}newtheorem} command:
n@1102 512 \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
n@1102 513 \begin{theorem}
n@1102 514 Let $f$ be continuous on $[a,b]$. If $G$ is
n@1102 515 an antiderivative for $f$ on $[a,b]$, then
n@1102 516 \begin{displaymath}\int^b_af(t)dt = G(b) - G(a).\end{displaymath}
n@1102 517 \end{theorem}
n@1102 518
n@1102 519 The other uses the \textbf{definition} environment, created
n@1102 520 by the \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command:
n@1102 521 \newdef{definition}{Definition}
n@1102 522 \begin{definition}
n@1102 523 If $z$ is irrational, then by $e^z$ we mean the
n@1102 524 unique number which has
n@1102 525 logarithm $z$: \begin{displaymath}{\log e^z = z}\end{displaymath}
n@1102 526 \end{definition}
n@1102 527
n@1102 528 Two lists of constructs that use one of these
n@1102 529 forms is given in the
n@1102 530 \textit{Author's Guidelines}.
n@1102 531
n@1102 532 There is one other similar construct environment, which is
n@1102 533 already set up
n@1102 534 for you; i.e. you must \textit{not} use
n@1102 535 a \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command to
n@1102 536 create it: the \textbf{proof} environment. Here
n@1102 537 is a example of its use:
n@1102 538 \begin{proof}
n@1102 539 Suppose on the contrary there exists a real number $L$ such that
n@1102 540 \begin{displaymath}
n@1102 541 \lim_{x\rightarrow\infty} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = L.
n@1102 542 \end{displaymath}
n@1102 543 Then
n@1102 544 \begin{displaymath}
n@1102 545 l=\lim_{x\rightarrow c} f(x)
n@1102 546 = \lim_{x\rightarrow c}
n@1102 547 \left[ g{x} \cdot \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} \right ]
n@1102 548 = \lim_{x\rightarrow c} g(x) \cdot \lim_{x\rightarrow c}
n@1102 549 \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = 0\cdot L = 0,
n@1102 550 \end{displaymath}
n@1102 551 which contradicts our assumption that $l\neq 0$.
n@1102 552 \end{proof}
n@1102 553
n@1102 554 Complete rules about using these environments and using the
n@1102 555 two different creation commands are in the
n@1102 556 \textit{Author's Guide}; please consult it for more
n@1102 557 detailed instructions. If you need to use another construct,
n@1102 558 not listed therein, which you want to have the same
n@1102 559 formatting as the Theorem
n@1102 560 or the Definition\cite{salas:calculus} shown above,
n@1102 561 use the \texttt{{\char'134}newtheorem} or the
n@1102 562 \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command,
n@1102 563 respectively, to create it.
n@1102 564
n@1102 565 \subsection*{A {\secit Caveat} for the \TeX\ Expert}
n@1102 566 Because you have just been given permission to
n@1102 567 use the \texttt{{\char'134}newdef} command to create a
n@1102 568 new form, you might think you can
n@1102 569 use \TeX's \texttt{{\char'134}def} to create a
n@1102 570 new command: \textit{Please refrain from doing this!}
n@1102 571 Remember that your \LaTeX\ source code is primarily intended
n@1102 572 to create camera-ready copy, but may be converted
n@1102 573 to other forms -- e.g. HTML. If you inadvertently omit
n@1102 574 some or all of the \texttt{{\char'134}def}s recompilation will
n@1102 575 be, to say the least, problematic.
n@1102 576
n@1102 577 \section{Conclusions}
n@1102 578 This paragraph will end the body of this sample document.
n@1102 579 Remember that you might still have Acknowledgments or
n@1102 580 Appendices; brief samples of these
n@1102 581 follow. There is still the Bibliography to deal with; and
n@1102 582 we will make a disclaimer about that here: with the exception
n@1102 583 of the reference to the \LaTeX\ book, the citations in
n@1102 584 this paper are to articles which have nothing to
n@1102 585 do with the present subject and are used as
n@1102 586 examples only.
n@1102 587 %\end{document} % This is where a 'short' article might terminate
n@1102 588
n@1102 589 %ACKNOWLEDGMENTS are optional
n@1102 590 \section{Acknowledgments}
n@1102 591 This section is optional; it is a location for you
n@1102 592 to acknowledge grants, funding, editing assistance and
n@1102 593 what have you. In the present case, for example, the
n@1102 594 authors would like to thank Gerald Murray of ACM for
n@1102 595 his help in codifying this \textit{Author's Guide}
n@1102 596 and the \textbf{.cls} and \textbf{.tex} files that it describes.
n@1102 597
n@1102 598 %
n@1102 599 % The following two commands are all you need in the
n@1102 600 % initial runs of your .tex file to
n@1102 601 % produce the bibliography for the citations in your paper.
n@1102 602 \bibliographystyle{abbrv}
n@1102 603 \bibliography{sigproc} % sigproc.bib is the name of the Bibliography in this case
n@1102 604 % You must have a proper ".bib" file
n@1102 605 % and remember to run:
n@1102 606 % latex bibtex latex latex
n@1102 607 % to resolve all references
n@1102 608 %
n@1102 609 % ACM needs 'a single self-contained file'!
n@1102 610 %
n@1102 611 %APPENDICES are optional
n@1102 612 %\balancecolumns
n@1102 613 \appendix
n@1102 614 %Appendix A
n@1102 615 \section{Headings in Appendices}
n@1102 616 The rules about hierarchical headings discussed above for
n@1102 617 the body of the article are different in the appendices.
n@1102 618 In the \textbf{appendix} environment, the command
n@1102 619 \textbf{section} is used to
n@1102 620 indicate the start of each Appendix, with alphabetic order
n@1102 621 designation (i.e. the first is A, the second B, etc.) and
n@1102 622 a title (if you include one). So, if you need
n@1102 623 hierarchical structure
n@1102 624 \textit{within} an Appendix, start with \textbf{subsection} as the
n@1102 625 highest level. Here is an outline of the body of this
n@1102 626 document in Appendix-appropriate form:
n@1102 627 \subsection{Introduction}
n@1102 628 \subsection{The Body of the Paper}
n@1102 629 \subsubsection{Type Changes and Special Characters}
n@1102 630 \subsubsection{Math Equations}
n@1102 631 \paragraph{Inline (In-text) Equations}
n@1102 632 \paragraph{Display Equations}
n@1102 633 \subsubsection{Citations}
n@1102 634 \subsubsection{Tables}
n@1102 635 \subsubsection{Figures}
n@1102 636 \subsubsection{Theorem-like Constructs}
n@1102 637 \subsubsection*{A Caveat for the \TeX\ Expert}
n@1102 638 \subsection{Conclusions}
n@1102 639 \subsection{Acknowledgments}
n@1102 640 \subsection{Additional Authors}
n@1102 641 This section is inserted by \LaTeX; you do not insert it.
n@1102 642 You just add the names and information in the
n@1102 643 \texttt{{\char'134}additionalauthors} command at the start
n@1102 644 of the document.
n@1102 645 \subsection{References}
n@1102 646 Generated by bibtex from your ~.bib file. Run latex,
n@1102 647 then bibtex, then latex twice (to resolve references)
n@1102 648 to create the ~.bbl file. Insert that ~.bbl file into
n@1102 649 the .tex source file and comment out
n@1102 650 the command \texttt{{\char'134}thebibliography}.
n@1102 651 % This next section command marks the start of
n@1102 652 % Appendix B, and does not continue the present hierarchy
n@1102 653 \section{More Help for the Hardy}
n@1102 654 The sig-alternate.cls file itself is chock-full of succinct
n@1102 655 and helpful comments. If you consider yourself a moderately
n@1102 656 experienced to expert user of \LaTeX, you may find reading
n@1102 657 it useful but please remember not to change it.
n@1102 658 %\balancecolumns % GM June 2007
n@1102 659 % That's all folks!
n@1102 660 \end{sloppypar}
n@1102 661 \end{document}