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diff toolboxes/graph_visualisation/share/graphviz/doc/html/gd.html @ 0:e9a9cd732c1e tip
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--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/toolboxes/graph_visualisation/share/graphviz/doc/html/gd.html Tue Feb 10 15:05:51 2015 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,5593 @@ +<!-- REMEMBER TO EDIT index.html.source --> +<head> +<TITLE>gd 2.0.34</TITLE> +</head> +<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> +<!-- BANNER HERE --> +<H2>gd 2.0.33</H2> +<H3>A graphics library for fast image creation</H3> +<H3>Follow this link to the +<A HREF="http://libgd.org">latest version +of this document</A>.</H3> +<blockquote> +<strong>UPGRADING UNIX USERS: READ THIS FIRST!</strong> +Modern versions of gd install by default to /usr/local/lib and +/usr/local/include. If you already have an older version of gd +in /usr/lib and /usr/include, you may wish to use: +<pre> +./configure --prefix=/usr</pre> +To ensure that your +new installation overwrites the old. +<p> +<strong>GIF support has been restored in gd 2.0.28 and above.</strong> +The well-known patents on LZW compression held by Unisys +have expired in all countries. British Telecom and IBM may hold related +patents but have never chosen to require royalties for GIF applications, +to the best of my knowledge. I am not a lawyer and cannot give +legal advice regarding this issue. PNG remains a superior format especially +if lossless truecolor images are needed. +<p> +When building from soruce, gd 2.0.33 <strong>requires</strong> that the +following libraries also be installed, in order to produce the related +image formats. The win32 binary release (bgd) already contains the +appropriate libraries. +You may skip libraries associated with formats you do not use: +<p> +libpng (see the <a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">libpng home page</a>), if you want PNG +<p> +zlib (see the <a href="http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/zlib/">info-zip home page</a>), if you want PNG +<p> +jpeg-6b or later, if desired (see the <a href="http://www.ijg.org/">Independent JPEG Group home page</a>), if you want JPEG +<p> +If you want to use the TrueType font support, you must also +install the <strong>FreeType 2.x library</strong>, including +the header files. See the <a href="http://www.freetype.org/">Freetype +Home Page</a>, or <a href="http://freetype.sourceforge.net/">SourceForge</a>. +No, I cannot explain why that site is down on a particular day, and no, I +can't send you a copy. +<p> +If you want to use the Xpm color bitmap loading support, you must also +have the X Window System and the Xpm library installed (Xpm is often +included in modern X distributions). Most of the time you won't +need Xpm. +<p> +Please read the documentation and install the required libraries. +Do not send email asking why <code>png.h</code> is not found. +Do not send email asking why <code>libgd.so</code> is not found, either. +See the <a href="#required">requirements section</a> for more +information. Thank you! +</blockquote> +<H3>Table of Contents</H3> +<UL> +<LI><A HREF="#notice">Credits and license terms</A> +<LI><A HREF="#whatsnew2.0.34">What's new in version "XYZ" of GD?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#whatis">What is gd?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#gdother">What if I want to use another programming language?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#required">What else do I need to use gd?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#getgd">How do I get gd?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#buildgd">How do I build gd?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#basics">gd basics: using gd in your program</A> +<LI><A HREF="#webpng">webpng: a useful example</A> +<LI><A HREF="#reference">Function and type reference by category</A> +<LI><A HREF="#gdformat">About the additional .gd image file format</A> +<LI><A HREF="#informing"><strong>Please</strong> + tell us you're using gd!</A> +<LI><A HREF="#support">How do I get support?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#issues">How do I report issues, bugs or features request?</A> +<LI><A HREF="#index">Alphabetical quick index</A> +</UL> +<P><A HREF="http://www.libgd.org/"> +Up to the <EM>LibGD Homepage</EM></A> +<A NAME="notice"><H3>Credits and license terms</A></H3> +<P> +In order to resolve any possible confusion regarding the authorship +of gd, the following copyright statement covers all of the authors +who have required such a statement. <strong>If you are aware of any oversights +in this copyright notice, please contact <A HREF="http://libgd.org/Contact">Pierre-A. Joye</A> who will be +pleased to correct them.</strong> +<pre> +COPYRIGHT STATEMENT FOLLOWS THIS LINE +</pre> +<blockquote> + +Portions copyright 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 by Cold Spring +Harbor Laboratory. Funded under Grant P41-RR02188 by the National +Institutes of Health. +<P> +Portions copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 by Boutell.Com, Inc. +<p> +Portions relating to GD2 format copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Philip Warner. +<p> +Portions relating to PNG copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Greg Roelofs. +<p> +Portions relating to gdttf.c copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 John Ellson (ellson@graphviz.org). +<p> +Portions relating to gdft.c copyright 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 John Ellson (ellson@graphviz.org). +<p> +Portions copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Pierre-Alain Joye (pierre@libgd.org). + +<p> +Portions relating to JPEG and to color quantization copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, Doug Becker and copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Thomas G. Lane. This software is based +in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group. See the file +README-JPEG.TXT for more information. +<p> +Portions relating to GIF compression copyright 1989 by Jef +Poskanzer and David Rowley, with modifications for thread safety +by Thomas Boutell. +<p> +Portions relating to GIF decompression copyright 1990, 1991, 1993 +by David Koblas, with modifications for thread safety by +Thomas Boutell. +<p> +Portions relating to WBMP copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Maurice Szmurlo and Johan Van +den Brande. +<p> +Portions relating to GIF animations copyright 2004 Jaakko Hyvätti (jaakko.hyvatti@iki.fi) +<p> +<strong>Permission has been granted to copy, distribute and modify gd in any +context without fee, including a commercial application, provided that this notice +is present in user-accessible supporting documentation.</strong> +<p> +This does not affect your ownership of the derived work itself, and the intent +is to assure proper credit for the authors of gd, not to interfere +with your productive use of gd. If you have questions, ask. +"Derived works" includes all programs that utilize the library. +Credit must be given in user-accessible documentation. +<p> +<strong>This software is provided "AS IS."</strong> +The copyright holders disclaim all warranties, either express or implied, +including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and +fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to this code and accompanying +documentation. +<p> +Although their code does not appear in the current release, the authors +also wish to thank Hutchison Avenue Software Corporation for their +prior contributions. +</blockquote> +<pre> +END OF COPYRIGHT STATEMENT +</pre> +<A NAME="whatis"><H3>What is gd?</H3></A> +<P> +gd is a graphics library. It allows your code to quickly +draw images complete with lines, arcs, text, multiple +colors, cut and paste from other images, and flood fills, and +write out the result as a PNG or JPEG file. This is particularly +useful in World Wide Web applications, where PNG and JPEG are two +of the formats accepted for inline images by most browsers. +<P> +gd is not a paint program. +If you are looking for a paint program, you are looking in +the wrong place. If you are not a programmer, you are looking +in the wrong place, unless you are installing a required +library in order to run an application. +<P> +gd does not provide for every possible desirable graphics +operation. It is not necessary or desirable for gd to become +a kitchen-sink graphics package, but version 2.0 does include +most frequently requested features, including both truecolor and +palette images, resampling (smooth resizing of truecolor images) +and so forth. +<P> +<A NAME="gdother"><H3>What if I want to use another programming +language?</h3></A> +Not all of these tools are necessarily up to date and fully compatible +with 2.0.33. +<h4>PHP</h4> +A variant of gd 2.x is included in PHP 4.3.0. It is also possible +to patch PHP 4.2.3 for use with gd 2.0.33; see the +<a href="http://www.libgd.org/">gd home page</a> for a link to +that information. It would be a Good Idea to merge all of the things +that are better in mainstream gd and all of the things that are +better in PHP gd at some point in the near future. +<h4>Perl</h4> +gd can also be used from Perl, courtesy of +Lincoln Stein's +<a href="http://stein.cshl.org/WWW/software/GD/"> +GD.pm</a> library, which uses gd as the basis for a set of +Perl 5.x classes. Highly recommended. +<h4>OCaml</h4> +gd can be used from OCaml, thanks to +<a href="http://gd4o.sourceforge.net/">Matt Gushee's GD4O project</a>. +<h4>Tcl</h4> +gd can be used from Tcl with John Ellson's +<a href=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/>Gdtclft</a> +dynamically loaded extension package. +<h4>Pascal</h4> +Pascal enthusiasts should look into the +<a href="http://www.freepascal.org/">freepascal</a> project, a +free Pascal compiler that includes gd support. +<h4>REXX</h4> +A +<a href="http://www.lightlink.com/hessling/RexxGd/index.html">gd interface +for the REXX language</a> is available. +<h4>Any Language</h4> +The "fly" interpreter performs gd operations specified in a text file. +You can output the desired commands to a simple +text file from whatever scripting language you prefer to use, then +invoke the interpreter. +<p> +<ul> +<li><a href="http://martin.gleeson.com/fly/">fly</a>, by Martin Gleeson +</ul> +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.34"><h3>What's new in version 2.0.34?</h3></a> +<p> +From 2.0.34 and later, please check the ISSUES and ChangeLog as well as +the releases announcements. +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.33"><h3>What's new in version 2.0.33?</h3></a> +<p> +Version 2.0.33 restores compatibility with older releases +of Freetype 2.x in addition to the latest release. Thanks to +John Ellson and the graphviz project. +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.32"><h3>What's new in version 2.0.32?</h3></a> +<p> +Version 2.0.32 restores correct detection of Unicode character sets +for freetype fonts, which repairs a bug that prevented umlauts from +displaying properly. Thanks to John Ellson and the graphviz project. +Also, version 2.0.32 builds all test programs +smoothly in the absence of libpng. +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.31"><h3>What's new in version 2.0.31?</h3></a> +<p> +A minor type naming conflict prevented bgd.dll from compiling, and it +was left out of the distribution as a result. This has been corrected. +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.30"><h3>What's new in version 2.0.30?</h3></a> +<p> +2.0.29 did not compile correctly when freetype was not available. +This has been corrected. Thanks to Alessandro Ranellucci. +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.29"><h3>What's new in version 2.0.29?</h3></a> +<p> +<ul> +<li>A 32-bit multiplication overflow vulnerability reported on +the Bugtraq mailing list has been corrected, along with a number +of similar issues. These bugs come into play only when attempting +to deal with images with <i>extremely large</i> dimensions. +The relevant functions now fail gracefully when such extreme +parameters are specified. The code in question is also +correct for systems with larger bit depths. Thanks to Phil Knirsch, +Alan Cox and infamous41md. +Since exploits are theoretically possible, upgrading is recommended. +<li>Support for the fontconfig library, when available. +When fontconfig is available and gdFTUseFontConfig(1) has been invoked +or the gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG flag has been set for a particular call, fontconfig +patterns can be used to fetch the best available font. +For instance, "arial:bold:italic" does the right thing (or as close as +the available fonts permit). Also, standard +PostScript font names can be mapped to an appropriate font by +gdImageStringFTEx and relatives. +When fontconfig is available <tt>gdlib-config --features</tt> will list +the GD_FONTCONFIG feature. For more information about fontconfig, see the +<a href="http://freedesktop.org/software/fontconfig">fontconfig pages</a>. +<p> +The actual resolved font filename can be returned in the gdFTStringExtra +structure as the fontpath element if the gdFTEX_RETURNFONTPATHNAME flag +is set. Also, a +vector of character position advances can be retrieved if gdFTEX_XSHOW is set +in the flags element. .afm files (font metrics) are now used to adjust size +calculations +when available. When fontconfig is not available, gd falls back to its +usual behavior and requires a specific font file name. One can +still fetch fonts by filename when gdFTUseFontConfig(1) is in effect, by +setting the gdFTEX_FONTPATHNAME flag +in the flag element of the gdFTStringExtra structure. Thanks to +Dag Lem and John Ellson. +<li>Additional freetype fixes: fixed width fonts are now the right +size, horizontal advance calculations now better match the +PostScript equivalent, and various compiler warning fixes. Also, +a fix to the encoding table selection in the was made, addressing a problem +with latin1 font encodings. Thanks to Dag Lem and John Ellson. +<li>Improved tolerance when reading JPEG files containing some garbage as well +as valid image data. +<li>Easier compilation on Windows: no errno.h in gd_gd2.c. +<li>Support for creating optimized GIF animations has been added + by Jaakko Hyvätti. See + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimAdd">gdImageGifAnimAdd</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimAddCtx">gdImageGifAnimAddCtx</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimAddPtr">gdImageGifAnimAddPtr</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimBegin">gdImageGifAnimBegin</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimBeginCtx">gdImageGifAnimBeginCtx</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimBeginPtr">gdImageGifAnimBeginPtr</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimEnd">gdImageGifAnimEnd</A>, + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimEndCtx">gdImageGifAnimEndCtx</A>, and + <A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimEndPtr">gdImageGifAnimEndPtr</A>. +<li><A HREF="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</A> has been + added to allow consecutive line segments to be drawn without + connecting the end points to form a closed polygon. Thanks to +Jaakko Hyvätti. +<li>Better alpha channel blending when the destination color +contains an alpha channel. Also, quicker handling of the +most common cases. Thanks to Frank Warmerdam. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.28"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.28?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>GIF support has been restored. See +<a href="#gdImageGif">gdImageGif</a>, +<a href="#gdImageGifCtx">gdImageGifCtx</a>, +<a href="#gdImageGifPtr">gdImageGifPtr</a>, +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromGif">gdImageCreateFromGif</a>, +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromGifCtx">gdImageCreateFromGifCtx</a>, +and <a href="#gdImageCreateFromGifPtr">gdImageCreateFromGifPtr</a>. +These functions are now thread-safe, similar to the PNG and JPEG +manipulation functions. +<li>The new <a href="#gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor">gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor</a> function is identical to <a href="#gdImageTrueColorToPalette">gdImageTrueColorToPalette</a>, except that it returns a new image rather than permanently modifying the original. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.27"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.27?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>In gd 2.0.26, there was potential for out of bounds fills, and therefore +crashes, in the horizontalLine function used by gdImageFilledPolygon. +Fixed by John Ellson. +<li>The order of the points returned in the bounding rectangle by +gdImageStringFT was incorrect in version 2.0.26. This has been +corrected in version 2.0.27. Thanks to Riccardo Cohen for pointing +this out, and to John Ellson for verifying and fixing it. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.26"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.26?</H3></A> +<P> +The following enhancements and fixes: +<ul> +<li>Drastically faster, less memory-intensive antialiased drawing, thanks to +Pierre-Alain Joye. This code was imported from the PHP "fork" +of gd. The API for antialiased drawing has not changed, however the +implementation has been completely replaced. +Antialiased line drawing does not support widths other +than 1, however this did not work properly with the other +implementation of antialiasing either. Support has been included +for the "non-blending color" option introduced by the previous +implementation of antialiased drawing. +<li><code>gdlib-config</code>, which has been installed by +<code>make install</code> for some time now, has gained +a <code>--features</code> option. This option produces a space-separated +list of optional features with which the gd library was compiled. +Typical usage looks like this: +<pre> +% gdlib-config --features +GD_XPM GD_JPEG GD_FREETYPE GD_PNG GD_GIF +</pre> +Other <code>configure</code> scripts can conveniently define +preprocessor symbols based on this list in order to conditionally +compile code. For instance, if +GD_PNG is not reported by --features, then gdImagePng is not +included in the library. +<p> +Thanks to Lars Hecking and Lincoln Stein for their advice on +implementing this feature. Any blame for the actual implementation +is entirely due to me (TBB). +<li>Fixes to the behavior of the bounding rectangle returned by +gdImageStringFT and relatives when the string is rotated. +See fontwheeltest.c. Thanks to John Ellson. +<li>Previously, gdImageStringFT and friends accepted either +a full path to a font file, or the name of a font with no +extension, in which case the GDFONTPATH environment variable +and then the compiled-in DEFAULT_FONTPATH was searched. In addition, +a font filename with an extension but no full path can now be +automatically searched for in the same fashion. Thanks to John Ellson. + +<li>Fixes to freetype antialiased text against a transparent +background. See testtr.c. Thanks to John Ellson. + +<li>Support for named entities like &amp; and hex-coded +entities such as &#x6C34; in text +strings passed to gdImageStringFT and relatives, adding to the +previous support for decimal-coded entities like &#197;. +These were extracted from entities.html (from the W3C) via +the script entities.tcl, which is included for the curious and +those with other entities they need support for. Thanks to John Ellson. + +<li>Optimization: gdImageSetPixel no longer calls gdImageAlphaBlend +when either the source or the destination pixel is 100% transparent. +Thanks to John Ellson. + +<li>Optimization: gdImageLine is potentially faster now in the most +common cases. +Thanks to John Ellson. +<li>Documentation of the entities feature of gdImageStringFT. +<li>autoconf/configure fixes. Thanks to many who pointed out an oversight +in handling libpng flags. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.25"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.25?</H3></A> +<P> +Owing to an oversight while making changes to better accommodate the use +of gd as a DLL, the <b>extern</b> qualifier was dropped from the +declarations of font pointers in 2.0.24. This has been corrected. +Thanks to Richard ("OpenMacNews"). +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.24"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.24?</H3></A> +<P> +<b>Windows DLL now uses __stdcall calling convention.</b> Existing +applications will require a recompile, using the new version of gd.h, +in order to use this version of the DLL. However, Visual BASIC and other +non-C programmers will now be able to use the DLL, which is an enormous +benefit and justifies the one-time inconvenience to existing DLL users. +<p> +The elaborate #ifdef test for older versions of Freetype without +FT_ENCODING_MS_SYMBOL was needed in a second place also. Thanks to +David R. Morrison. +<p> +An off-by-one error in gdImageToPalette caused transparency to be applied +to the wrong pixels. Thanks to "Super Pikeman." +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.23"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.23?</H3></A> +<P> +Output dpi specification option added to the +<code>gdFTStringExtra</code> structure, thanks to +Mark Shackelford. See <a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a>. +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.22"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.22?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Win32 DLL users: working with pointers exported by DLLs is +difficult and causes unexpected results. gd 2.0.22 exports new +functions for retrieving the basic gd fonts: +<a href="#gdFontGetTiny">gdFontGetTiny()</a>, +<a href="#gdFontGetSmall">gdFontGetSmall()</a>, +<a href="#gdFontGetMediumBold">gdFontGetMediumBold()</a>, +<a href="#gdFontGetLarge">gdFontGetLarge()</a>, and +<a href="#gdFontGetHuge">gdFontGetHuge()</a>. You may safely assign the +return values from these functions to a local <code>gdFontPtr</code>. +Direct use of <code>gdFontLarge</code>, etc. is strongly deprecated +for users of <code>bgd.dll</code>; use these new functions instead. +<li>Basic support for loading CMYK-colorspace JPEG images. They are +of course converted to RGB which is a lossy process, however the +results do look quite good and are certainly fine for thumbnails and +web previews of DTP work. +<li>"make" no longer fails on <code>circletexttest</code> if +PNG support is missing. +<li>Small performance improvements to gdImageCopyResampled; larger +improvements are forthcoming. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.21"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.21?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Version 2.0.21 adds a <code>gdImageCreateFrom*Ptr</code> family +of functions which make it convenient to load an image in any +GD-supported format directly from memory. +<li>The new <code>gdNewDynamicCtxEx</code> function was added to +support the easy implementation of the above functions and to +correct a design problem which made life unpleasant for those passing +in memory not originally allocated by gd to the +<code>gdNewDynamicCtx</code> function by provoding a way to specify +that gd should never free or reallocate a particular block of memory. +The <code>gdNewDynamicCtx</code> function and its relatives, although +still exported for ABI compatibility, are now <b>deprecated</b> except +for internal use, in favor of <a href="#gdImageCreateFromPngPtr"><code>gdImageCreateFromPngPtr</code></a> +and its relatives. +<li>Version 2.0.21 includes a new patch from Ethan A. Merritt to +correct a bug in the conditional compilation of support for +symbol fonts in gdft.c. Symbol fonts should now work correctly. +Thanks to Mr. Merritt. +<li>Version 2.0.20 restores the <code>gdFreeFontCache</code> function, +an undocumented function added in an earlier release which now simply +calls <code>gdFontCacheShutdown</code> for backwards compatibility. +This repairs build problems when compiling PHP against the latest gd. +<li>Documentation improvements. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.20"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.20?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Version 2.0.20 restores the <code>gdFreeFontCache</code> function, +an undocumented function added in an earlier release which now simply +calls <code>gdFontCacheShutdown</code> for backwards compatibility. +This repairs build problems when compiling PHP against the latest gd. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.19"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.19?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Version 2.0.19 restored <code>extern</code> declarations for the +gd font pointers inadvertently removed in 2.0.18. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.18"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.18?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>A Win32 binary distribution of "bgd.dll," built with mingw32 and +tested with win32 versions of the demo programs as console applications, +is now available. +<li>Semicolon rather than space used as the default separator of +alternative font file paths in <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a>, +for better compatibility with Windows and other environments where +spaces are common in paths. +<li>The circletexttest demo no longer fails to compile when JPEG +support happens to be absent. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.17"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.17?</H3></A> +<P> +Minor compilation and packaging problems with 2.0.16 were corrected. +If 2.0.16 compiled without errors for you, then you don't need +to upgrade to 2.0.17. +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.16"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.16?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Thread safety for freetype text output. Background: all gd functions +were already thread safe, as long as only one thread manipulates each +image -- except for gdImageStringFT and gdImageStringFTEx. This is because +of a shared freetype font cache. Sharing the cache between images +is worthwhile, so "configure" now detects pthreads and uses it to +wrap freetype text output in a critical section if available. There is +also critical section support under WIN32. Those who wish to be +strictly thread-safe should call the new function +<a href="#gdFontCacheSetup">gdFontCacheSetup</a> before allowing any +thread to use freetype text calls. Otherwise this function is automatically +invoked on the first use of freetype, with a very small but real chance +of a race condition. +<li><a href="#gdImageSquareToCircle">gdImageSquareToCircle</a> performs +a "polar coordinate transform," returning a new image in which the +X axis of the original has been remapped to theta (angle) and the +Y axis of the original has been remapped to rho (distance from center). +<li><a href="#gdImageStringFTCircle">gdImageStringFTCircle</a> wraps +text in a circle around a specified center point. This function +takes advantage of <a href="#gdImageSquareToCircle">gdImageSquareToCircle</a>. +The result is very smooth, although it takes some time to compute. +Thanks to Steve Bassi for sponsoring this work. +<li><a href="#gdImageSharpen">gdImageSharpen</a>, contributed by +Paul Troughton. Thank you. +<li>Christophe Thomas corrected gdft.c to include freetype header +files in the way that is now mandatory in freetype 2.1.6 and above. +<li>Gustavo Scotti fixed a memory leak in gdft.c. +<li>Clipping rectangle respected in freetype text output. Thanks to Matt +McNabb. +<li>Paul den Dulk found a degenerate case that crashes +gdImageToPalette. Fixed. +<li>Optimization by Ilia Chipitsine to avoid wasting time with +offscreen scanlines during polygon rasterization. +<li>Optimized PNG saving by Phong Tran. Speeds up saves a +little bit. +<li>Bug in gdImageCopyResized fixed by Mao Morimoto. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.15"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.15?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>gd.c in 2.0.14 contained an instance of declaring variables +after the first line of executable code appears. This is of course +not allowed by ANSI C, although many compilers accept it. +My apologies. Thanks to Jeff Vendetti for reporting this quickly. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.14"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.14?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>2.0.13 was available for mere minutes due to a typo +in the new bounds-checking code for antialiased line drawing. Fixed. +<li>Not all platforms -- notably msys/mingw -- have an ssize_t type. +We now call an int an int in gd_jpeg.c, with good results. +(Note: ssize_t is signed, unlike size_t, and it needs to be here.) +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.13"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.13?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>The <code>main()</code> function of one of the test programs +was accidentally included in the gd shared library, causing problems +on some platforms. This has been corrected. Thanks to many people +who pointed this out. +<li>The antialiased drawing functions now have proper bounds +checking. Thanks to Arne Jorgensen. +<li>A void function returned a value in gd_png.c, causing warnings +and, on some platforms, compilation errors but no reported runtime problems. +Thanks to Kevin Smith, among others. +<li>Autohinting was being forced ON for freetype text output. This is +apparently meant only for testing freetype and does not look as good +as the default behavior (FT_LOAD_DEFAULT). Thanks to Bob Ostermann. +<li>penf.x is properly reset when newlines are encountered in freetype +text output. Thanks to Christopher J. Grayce. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.12"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.12?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Small but numerous code cleanups by Dr. Martin Zinser. +<li><a href="#gdImageSetClip">gdImageSetClip</a> and +<a href="#gdImageGetClip">gdImageGetClip</a> have been added. All +drawing routines now stay within the specified clipping rectangle. +Note that the <a href="#gdImageBoundsSafe">gdImageBoundsSafe</a> function +now returns true only if the specified location is within the +clipping rectangle. Of course, the default clipping area is the +entire image. The behavior of existing gd applications does not change. +<li>Support for fast drawing of antialiased lines and polygons, +by Bright Fulton and Frank Faubert. To learn more about this feature, +read about the <a href="#gdImageSetAntiAliased">gdImageSetAntiAliased</a> +function, which is used to set the foreground color for antialiasing, +as well as the <a href="#gdAntiAliased">gdAntiAliased</a> constant, which +is passed to line- and polygon-drawing functions in place of a color. +This code does not currently support an alpha channel component in the +specified foreground color, or in the existing background image, +but <em>does</em> perform alpha blending against an opaque background. +Also see the +<a href="#gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend">gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend</a> +function, which allows the specification of a special background +color that should never be blended with the foreground. +<li>Fixes to color mapping in <a href="#gdImageCopyMergeGray">gdImageCopyMergeGray</a>. Thanks to Philip Warner. +<li><a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> now supports +explicit specification of the desired character mapping. +This is useful when a font offers more than one of Unicode, +Shift_JIS, and Big5. +<li>The PNG compression level can now be specified when writing PNG +images. See the new <a href="#gdImagePngEx">gdImagePngEx</a>, +<a href="#gdImagePngEx">gdImagePngEx</a>, +<a href="#gdImagePngCtxEx">gdImagePngCtxEx</a>, and +<a href="#gdImagePngPtrEx">gdImagePngPtrEx</a> functions. +<li>The annotate utility builds without error in the absence of +freetype, although of course it is not useful without freetype. +<li>Thorben Kundinger fixed a bug relating to the use of palette-based +images as brushes when drawing on truecolor images. +<li>Michael Schwartz corrected a problem with his code for drawing +thick lines. +<li>Prior to 2.0.12, any alpha channel component in the +<em>destination</em> image was ignored when drawing with +alpha blending in effect (see +<a href="#gdImageAlphaBlending">gdImageAlphaBlending</a>). 2.0.12 +correctly preserves an appropriate proportion of the alpha component +of the destination, just as it preserves an appropriate proportion +of the red, green and blue components, depending on the opacity +of the foreground. Thanks to Frank Warmerdam for pointing out the issue. +<li>Memory leaks on failed attempts to load fonts +in <a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> were corrected. +Thanks to Frank Faubert. +<li>The impact of kerning is now correctly included in the calculation +of the bounding box returned by the freetype text routines. This issue +was pointed out by several individuals. +<li>Color problems with the <code>gd2</code> file format routines +were fixed by Steven Brown. These problems were due to the +incorrect use of a signed integer. +<li>Version 2.0.12 supports the <code>gd</code> file format correctly +for truecolor images. Truecolor <code>gd</code> files created with +earlier releases in the 2.0 series must be written again. The <code>gd</code> +file format is used to quickly load an entire uncompressed image, typically +an existing background to which additional material will be added; it is not a +general purpose file format. More advanced capabilities are also available +via the <code>gd2</code> format. Thanks to Andreas Pfaller for reporting +the problem. +<li>Signed vs. unsigned problem caused misbehavior when attempting to +load a bad JPEG image. Thanks to Geert Jansen. +<li>Existing truecolor PNG images with simple single-color transparency are +now loaded properly, thanks to Slaven Rezic. +<li>The <a href="#gdImageTrueColorToPalette">gdImageTrueColorToPalette</a> +function no longer attempts to preserve an alpha channel in the original. +My attempt to do so resulted in significantly inferior output even if no +alpha channel was present in the original. Thanks to Barend Gehrels for +submitting a new adaptation of Tom Lane's jquant2.c which does a very +high-quality job of palette conversion. Thanks also to Steven Brown, who +submitted patches allowing a single 100% transparent color in the +original truecolor image to be preserved. In practice, more complex +alpha channels in palettes are ill-supported and difficult to +allocate skillfully. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.11"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.11?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Support for the "gd2" file format, which allows fast loading of all or +only part of an existing image, has been properly debugged for use with +truecolor images. (Palette images already worked properly, except for a +bug when loading from a regular file with gdImageCreateFromGd2Part, which +has also been fixed.) .gd2 files can be either compressed or uncompressed, +and they allow useful tricks such as fast loading of a 500x500 pixel +region of a 6000x3000 pixel image, without uncompressing <em>all</em> of the +image. .gd2 is NOT a general purpose file format and should only be used +where quick loading of a background image or subset of a larger image +is required. For more information, see +<a href="#gdImageGd2">gdImageGd2</a>, +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromGd2">gdImageCreateFromGd2</a>, +and +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromGd2Part">gdImageCreateFromGd2Part</a>. +<li>The gd2topng utility has been extended to support extraction of +only part of an image from a .gd2 file. This is both a demonstration and +a practical tool. +<li>Additional <code>configure</code> improvements by Lars Hecking. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.10"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.10?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>gdImageLine now clips to the edges of the image before drawing +lines, which greatly improves performance when many lines extend +outside or are entirely outside the actual image. Thanks to +Nick Atty for this code. +<li>gdImageBoundsSafe is replaced with a macro when called internally; +this improves the performance of gdImageSetPixel and gdImageGetPixel +a little bit, and therefore everything else as well. Thanks to +Nicky Atty for the idea. +<li>Transparent indexes are handled properly with non-truecolor +source images in gdImageCopy. Thanks to Frank Warmerdam. +<li>floor() replaced with a cast to long in gdImageCopyResampled, +for a roughly 35% performance boost. Thanks to John Buckman. +<li>gdft.c builds correctly on WIN32 without patches. +<li>Much faster gdImageCreateFromJpeg routines, thanks to Christian +Aberger for more efficient pointer arithmetic. +<li>gdtestft correctly builds without PNG tests if PNG support is not present. +Thanks to Gabriele Verzeletti. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.9"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.9?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Version 2.0.9 contains a fix to gdImageCopyResized which allows +correct results when copying a palette-based image with a single +transparent index into a truecolor image. Thanks to Thorben +Kundinger. +<li>More <code>configure</code> fixes from Lars Hecking. Thanks, Lars. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.8"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.8?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li>Version 2.0.8 contains additional fixes to the 'configure' script, +allowing a clean out-of-the-box build on more systems. +<li>Version 2.0.8 adds the new +<a href="#gdImageCopyRotated">gdImageCopyRotated</a> function, which +can rotate any rectangular image region by an arbitrary number of degrees. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.7"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.7?</H3></A> +<P> +Version 2.0.7 corrects a problem which caused 'configure' to complain +that the directory NONE was not found, in various places, causing +the configuration process to stop. There are no code changes. +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.6"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.6?</H3></A> +<P> +<ul> +<li> +Fixed a compilation problem with gdft.c. A declaration appeared +after executable code, and gcc let it slide by, so it made it +out the door. My apologies! +<li>As penance, I have seen to it that the entire library +now compiles cleanly with the <code>-Wall</code>, <code>-ansi</code> +and <code>-pedantic</code> options enabled. +</ul> +<p> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.5"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.5?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>libgd 2.0.5 INSTALLS IN /usr/local/lib BY DEFAULT. IF YOU WANT +IT TO INSTALL IN /usr/lib, YOU MUST SPECIFY THIS at +<code>configure</code> time using this syntax: +<p> +<code>./configure --prefix=/usr</code> +<li>gd now uses GNU autoconf. This means that the provided +<code>configure</code> script should be compatible with all standard +GNU configure options and will figure out the correct settings for a +much wider range of operating systems. Many, many thanks to +Lars Hecking for taking care of this. +<li>The <a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> function +is now included, thanks to Wez Furlong. My apologies to Wez for the +unreasonable amount of time this patch has sat in my queue. +<li>Additional fixes from Wez Furlong. +<li>Arithmetic cleanup by Doug Claar. +<li>Corrections to loading and saving of alpha channel +information in PNG files, by Andrew Hull. +<li>gdImageTrueColorToPalette does not contain +unneeded test code. +<li>gdImageCopyResized works properly again when copying +from a non-truecolor source. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.4"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.4?</H3></A> +The following contributions from John Ellson: +<ul> +<li>Various test programs now compile in the absence +of PNG support +<li>gdIOCtx correctly calls gdFree rather than free +<li>Various cleanups to pass -Wall without warnings +<li>Support for Adobe-style Type 1 fonts (.pfa and .pfb files) +via freetype +<li>gdImageColorResolve and gdImageColorResolveAlpha will not +attempt to resolve a color request to the transparent color index +(for palette-based images) +<li>Improved font search path support +<li>Antialiased freetype text on palette images works properly +when more than one image is created in a single program lifetime +with different color indexes +<li>Better threshold for two-color "mono" images +<li>Memory leak fixes +<li>Text rotation fix +<li>More extensive default font path +<li>fontwheeltest and fontsizetest test programs for freetype +</ul> +And the following additional fixes: +<ul> +<li><code>configure</code> now correctly detects and provides +support for the Xpm library and its dependencies (Len Makin) +</ul> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.3"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.3?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>The <code>configure</code> script has been extensively modified +to work properly in tests with both Solaris and Linux. Other platforms +should also work based on feedback received and integrated to date. +<li>The <code>--prefix</code> option to <code>configure</code> +works properly. +<li>The <code>annotate</code> utility has been added. This is a +very handy tool for adding freetype text to existing JPEGs. After +<code>make install</code>, type <code>annotate -h</code> for more +information. Thanks to Joel Dubiner. +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew2.0.2"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.2?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>A "configure" script has been added. After wrestling with GNU +autoconf for a while, I got tired of trying to make it detect libraries +but accept their absence gracefully, and so on. Instead, I wrote a short +Perl script which does the job and builds a reasonable Makefile. Those +who find it doesn't detect their system's needs properly are welcome +to contribute patches or the necessary commands. +<li>Antialiased freetype text output now works properly in both +truecolor and non-truecolor contexts! Hurrah! On a truecolor image +it is possible, for instance, to draw antialiased text on an arbitrarily +complex background with 50% alpha blending (transparency), and get the +expected pretty results. Thanks to Joel Dubiner for his support of this work. +<li><strong>By default, alpha blending is now done within the library.</strong> +Also, by default, alpha channel is not saved with PNG images. This means +that programmers who try loading a JPEG, scribbling some pretty antialiased +text on it, and saving the JPEG again will now get the results they +expected. It also means that, by default, users will not run afoul of +the fact that many web browsers don't properly support full PNG alpha +channel. +<li>Various submitted bug fixes have been incorporated. +<li>Various other submitted changes have not been incorporated. Sorry. +The interval between 2.0.1 and 2.0.2 was simply too long, and changes +accumulated which were not mutually compatible. I'll do better in +the future, especially with bug fixes. +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew2.0.1"><H3>What's new in version 2.0.1?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>Workaround for a bug in gcc, apparently found in gcc 2.7.2 and up. +I reproduced and fixed it while using gcc 2.9.5.2. The bug occurred only +when the -g option was in use. This problem caused gcc to spew +internal error messages unrelated to the correctness of the code +in gd_gd2.c. Howard Jones was first to report it. +<li><a href="#gdImageFilledEllipse">gdImageFilledEllipse</a> documented +and altered; no longer requires a superfluous style argument. Thanks to +Francis James Franklin. +<li>The Makefile now offers the correct syntax for +optionally creating a static library. Thanks to Jean-Lous Regez, +among others. +<li>A nested comment, an attempt to return the value of a void function, +and a potentially significant error in gdImageCopyResampled were fixed +thanks to Joseph Shirley. +<li>A bug preventing proper truecolor text rendering was fixed, +thanks to Jason Gallagher. +<li><a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> (FreeType) should +now work better against a transparent or semitransparent background, +and should act in a manner consistent with the most recent +<a href="#gdImageAlphaBlending">gdImageAlphaBlending</a> setting. +Antialiasing is now done via the alpha channel mechanism if the +image is a truecolor image. +<li>Bugs in the output of gdImageArc and gdImageFilledArc were reported +by Bruce Verderaime. A simple and correct but inefficient implementation +has been substituted until fixes are contributed for the faster code, +which is in gd_arc_f_buggy.c along with the test program that reproduces +the bug(s). +<li><a href="#gdImageFilledArc">gdImageFilledArc</a> now offers additional +style options, which can be combined to produce various effects. +<li>Masahito Yamaga (ma@yama-ga.com) sent a patch to improve +support for Japanese output via <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a>. +He also added a new <code>readme.jpn</code> file. +<li>Zillions of documentation fixes. +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew2.0"><H3>What's new in version 2.0?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li><strong>Support for truecolor images!</strong> Version 2.0 can +load truecolor PNGs with no loss of color information, and almost +no loss of alpha channel information. Version 2.0 can also load +truecolor JPEGs with as little loss as possible; however, bear in +mind that JPEG is a lossy format, so repeated load/save cycles +always reduce image quality. This is not a bug. To create +a truecolor image from scratch, call the new +<a href="#gdImageCreateTrueColor">gdImageCreateTrueColor</a> +function. The <a href="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</a> function +is still available to create palette images, and may also be +referred to as <a href="#gdImageCreatePalette">gdImageCreatePalette</a>. +<li><strong>Support for alpha channels!</strong> In addition to +24 bits of color information for each pixel (eight bits of +red, green, and blue respectively), version 2.0 supports +7 bits of "alpha channel" information. This is used to determine +exactly how transparent the pixel should be. There is also support +for a full 7 bits of transparency for each individual palette index +in a palette-based image. Please note that, as of this writing, +only Macintosh Internet Explorer 5.x and Mozilla/Netscape 6.x +display partial transparency properly. +<li>The new <a href="#gdImageAlphaBlending">gdImageAlphaBlending</a> +function allows for two different modes of drawing. In blending mode, +the alpha channel component of the color supplied to all drawing +functions, such as <a href="#gdImageSetPixel">gdImageSetPixel</a>, +determines how much of the underlying color should be allowed to +shine through. The resulting image is not transparent. In non-blending +mode, drawing color is copied literally with the alpha channel +information, resulting in a transparent image. Blending mode is +not available when drawing on palette images. +<li>The <a href="#gdImageCopyResampled">gdImageCopyResampled</a> +function provides "smooth" copying from a large image to a smaller +one, using a weighted average of the pixels of the source area rather +than selecting one representative pixel. This function is identical +to <a href="#gdImageCopyResized">gdImageCopyResized</a> when the +destination image is a palette image. +<li>The <a href="#gdImageTrueColorToPalette">gdImageTrueColorToPalette</a> +function converts a truecolor image to a palette image. The code for +this function was originally drawn from the Independent JPEG Group library +code, which is excellent. The code has been modified to preserve as much +alpha channel information as possible in the resulting palette, in addition +to preserving colors as well as possible. This does not work as well as +might be hoped. It is usually best to simply produce a truecolor +output image instead, which guarantees the highest output quality. +<li>A very high degree of backwards compatibility with existing +gd 1.x code has been maintained, at both the source code and binary +level. <strong>Code which directly accesses the <code>pixels</code> array +will fail only if it encounters an existing truecolor image</strong>, which may +happen if the code attempts to open and modify an existing JPEG or +truecolor PNG. Such code should be modified to check the +<code>trueColor</code> flag of the <code>gdImage</code> structure, and +refer to the <code>tpixels</code> array instead when it is set. +<li>gd is now compiled and installed as a shared library. However, +gd still does not use autoconf, because I (TBB) have very limited +patience with autoconf. These days, most Unix systems provide a fairly +POSIX-standard environment, and the provided Makefile is likely to work well +if users read it and follow the instructions at the top. +<li>Support for line thickness was added by Michael Schwartz. My apologies +to him for sitting on his patches for so long. See the new +<a href="#gdImageSetThickness">gdImageSetThickness</a> function, which +affects all standard gd functions that draw lines and curves. In addition, +Michael added a convenient <a href="#gdImageEllipse">gdImageEllipse</a> +function. +<li>The new <a href="#gdImageFilledArc">gdImageFilledArc</a> function +provides a straightforward way to draw filled arcs. Also, +<a href="#gdImageFilledEllipse">gdImageFilledEllipse</a> is a +convenient way to fill an ellipse without specifying starting +and ending angles. Thanks go out to F J Franklin. +<li>To put an end to the confusion, TrueType 1.x support has been +removed in favor of TrueType 2.x support. The old +gdImageStringTTF function simply invokes gdImageStringFT. +<li>The specialized .gd and .gd2 file formats have been upgraded to support +truecolor. New images written by the versions of these functions +found in 2.0 will be rejected, with varying degrees of grace, by +older versions of gd. THIS AFFECTS THE .GD and .GD2 FORMATS ONLY. IF YOU +ARE CONFUSED BY THIS PARAGRAPH, IT PROBABLY DOESN'T APPLY TO ANYTHING +YOU WILL EVER ENCOUNTER. Since these file formats are absolutely, +positively *not* designed for distributing images, just for +preprocessing them, this should not be a big problem. gd 2.0 should +read old .gd and .gd2 files correctly. +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.8.4"><H3>What's new in version 1.8.4?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>Add support for FreeType2 (John Ellson ellson@graphviz.org) +<li>Add support for finding in fonts in a builtin DEFAULT_FONTPATH, +or in a path from the GDFONTPATH environment variable. +<li>remove some unused symbols to reduce compiler warnings +<li>bugfix in size comparisons in gdImageCompare +<li>REXX now mentioned +<li>All memory allocation functions are now wrapped within the +library; gdFree is exported and recommended for freeing memory +returned by the gdImage(Something)Ptr family of functions. +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.8.3"><H3>What's new in version 1.8.3?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>WBMP output memory leak fixed +<li><code>#include <gd.h></code> corrected to <code>#include "gd.h"</code> in gd_wbmp.c +<li>Documented the fact that the source and output images shouldn't +match in the WBMP test except for black and white source images +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="whatsnew1.8.2"><H3>What's new in version 1.8.2?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>WBMP support debugged and improved by Johann Van den Brande +<li>WBMP tests added to gdtest.c by Thomas Boutell +<li>Use of platform-dependent 'install' command removed by Thomas Boutell +<li>Comments added to Makefile warning users to juggle the order of the +libraries if the linker complains; is there any portable way to do this +automatically, short of using autoconf? +<li>Documentation of <a href="#gdImageCreateFromXpm">gdImageCreateFromXpm</a> +corrected +<li>Updated links to fast-moving, always dodging libpng and zlib web sites +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.8.1"><H3>What's new in version 1.8.1?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>Optional components no longer built by default (following the +documentation) +<li>JPEG code no longer requires inappropriate header files +<li>Win32 patches from Joe Gregorio +<li>16-bit font support for bdftogd, from Honza Pazdziora +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.8"><H3>What's new in version 1.8?</H3></A> +<ul> +<li>Support for JPEG output, courtesy of Doug Becker +<li>A link to Michael Bradbery's Pascal wrapper +<li>Support for WBMP output, courtesy of Maurice Szmurlo +<li>gdImageColorClosestHWB function based on hue, whiteness, blackness, +superior to the regular gdImageColorClosest function, courtesy +of Philip Warner +<li>License clarification: yes, you can modify gd +</ul> +<h4>Additional JPEG Information</h4> +Support for reading and writing JPEG-format images is courtesy +of Doug Becker and the Independent JPEG Group / Thomas G. Lane. You +can get the latest version of the IJG JPEG software from <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/">ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/</A> +(e.g., the <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz">jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz</A> +file). You <strong>must</strong> use +version 6b or later of the IJG JPEG software. You might also consult +the <A HREF="http://www.faqs.org/faqs/jpeg-faq/">JPEG FAQ</A> at +<A HREF="http://www.faqs.org/faqs/jpeg-faq/">http://www.faqs.org/faqs/jpeg-faq/</A>. +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.7.3"><H3>What's new in version 1.7.3?</H3></A> +Another attempt at Makefile fixes to permit +linking with all libraries required on platforms with order- +dependent linkers. Perhaps it will work this time. +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.7.2"><H3>What's new in version 1.7.2?</H3></A> +An uninitialized-pointer bug in <code>gdtestttf.c</code> was corrected. +This bug caused crashes at the end of each call to gdImageStringTTF on +some platforms. Thanks to Wolfgang Haefelinger. +<p> +Documentation fixes. Thanks to Dohn Arms. +<p> +Makefile fixes to permit +linking with all libraries required on platforms with order- +dependent linkers. +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.7.1"><H3>What's new in version 1.7.1?</H3></A> +A minor buglet in the Makefile was corrected, as well as an inaccurate +error message in <code>gdtestttf.c</code>. Thanks to Masahito Yamaga. +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.7"><H3>What's new in version 1.7?</H3></A> +Version 1.7 contains the following changes: +<ul> +<li>Japanese language support for the TrueType functions. +Thanks to Masahito Yamaga. +<li><code>autoconf</code> and <code>configure</code> have been removed, in favor of a +carefully designed Makefile which produces and properly installs +the library and the binaries. System-dependent variables are +at the top of the Makefile for easy modification. I'm sorry, +folks, but autoconf generated <strong>many, many confused email +messages</strong> from people who didn't have things where autoconf +expected to find them. I am not an autoconf/automake wizard, and +gd is a simple, very compact library which does not need to +be a shared library. I <strong>did</strong> make many improvements +over the old gd 1.3 Makefile, which were directly inspired by the +autoconf version found in the 1.6 series (thanks to John Ellson). +<li>Completely ANSI C compliant, according to the <code>-pedantic-errors</code> +flag of gcc. Several pieces of not-quite-ANSI-C code were causing problems +for those with non-gcc compilers. +<li><code>gdttf.c</code> patched to allow the use of Windows symbol +fonts, when present (thanks to Joseph Peppin). +<li><code>extern "C"</code> wrappers added to <code>gd.h</code> and the +font header files for the convenience of C++ programmers. +<code>bdftogd</code> was also modified to automatically insert these +wrappers into future font header files. Thanks to John Lindal. +<li>Compiles correctly on platforms that don't define <code>SEEK_SET</code>. +Thanks to Robert Bonomi. +<li>Loads Xpm images via the +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromXpm"><code>gdImageCreateFromXpm</code></a> +function, if the Xpm library is available. Thanks to Caolan McNamara. +</ul> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.6.3"><H3>What's new in version 1.6.3?</H3></A> +Version 1.6.3 corrects a memory leak in gd_png.c. This leak caused +a significant amount of memory to be allocated and not freed when +writing a PNG image. +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.6.2"><H3>What's new in version 1.6.2?</H3></A> +Version 1.6.2 from John Ellson <ellson@graphviz.org> adds two new functions: +<ul> +<li>gdImageStringTTF - scalable, rotatable, anti-aliased, TrueType strings using +the FreeType library, but only if libttf is found by configure. +<strong>We do not provide TrueType fonts. Obtaining them +is entirely up to you.</strong> +<li>gdImageColorResolve - an efficient alternative for the +common code fragment: +<pre> + + if ((color=gdImageColorExact(im,R,G,B)) < 0) + if ((color=gdImageColorAllocate(im,R,G,B)) < 0) + color=gdImageColorClosest(im,R,G,B); +</pre> +</ul> +<p> +Also in this release the build process has been converted to +GNU autoconf/automake/libtool conventions so that both (or either) +static and shared libraries can be built. +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.6.1"><H3>What's new in version 1.6.1?</H3></A> +Version 1.6.1 incorporates superior PNG reading and writing code +from Greg Roelofs, with minor modifications by Tom Boutell. +Specifically, I altered his code to read non-palette images +(converting them to palette images badly, by dithering them), +and to tolerate palette images with types of transparency that +gd doesn't actually support (it just ignores the advanced +transparency features). Any bugs in this area are therefore my +fault, not Greg's. +<p> +Unlike gd 1.6, users should have no trouble linking with +gd 1.6.1 if they follow the instructions and install all of +the pieces. However, <strong>If you get undefined symbol errors, +be sure to check for older versions of libpng in your +library directories!</strong> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.6"><H3>What's new in version 1.6?</H3></A> +Version 1.6 features the following changes: +<p> +<strong>Support for 8-bit palette PNG images has been added. +Support for GIF has been removed.</strong> This step was taken +to completely avoid the legal controversy regarding the LZW +compression algorithm used in GIF. Unisys holds a patent which +is relevant to LZW compression. PNG is a superior image format +in any case. Now that PNG is supported by both Microsoft +Internet Explorer and Netscape (in their recent releases), +we highly recommend that GD users upgrade in order to get +well-compressed images in a format which is legally unemcumbered. + +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.5"><H3>What's new in version 1.5?</H3></A> + +Version 1.5 featured the following changes: + +<dl> +<dt><b>New GD2 format</b> +<dd> An improvement over the GD format, the GD2 format uses the zlib + compression library to compress the image in chunks. This results + in file sizes comparable to GIFs, with the ability to access parts + of large images without having to read the entire image into memory. +<p> + This format also supports version numbers and rudimentary validity + checks, so it should be more 'supportable' than the previous GD format. +<p> +<dt><b>Re-arranged source files</b> +<dd> gd.c has been broken into constituant parts: io, gif, gd, gd2 and + graphics functions are now in separate files. +<p> +<dt><b>Extended I/O capabilities.</b> +<dd> The source/sink feature has been extended to support GD2 file formats (which + require seek/tell functions; seek must return 1 for success, 0 for failure), and to allow more general non-file I/O. +<p> +<dt><b>Better support for Lincoln Stein's Perl Module</b> +<dd> The new gdImage*Ptr function returns the chosen format stored in a block of memory. + This can be directly used by the GD perl module. +<p> +<dt><b>Added functions</b> +<dd>gdImageCreateFromGd2Part - allows retrieval of part of an image (good for huge images, like maps), +<br>gdImagePaletteCopy - Copies a palette from one image to another, doing it's best to match the colors in the target image to the colors in the source palette. +<br>gdImageGd2, gdImageCreateFromGd2 - Support for new format +<br>gdImageCopyMerge - Merges two images (useful to highlight part of an image) +<br>gdImageCopyMergeGray - Similar to gdImageCopyMerge, but tries to preserve source image hue. +<br>gdImagePngPtr, gdImageJpegPtr, gdImageWBMPPtr, gdImageGdPtr, gdImageGd2Ptr - return memory blocks for each type of image. +<br>gdImageCreateFromPngCtx, gdImageCreateFromGdCtx, gdImageCreateFromGd2Ctx, gdImageCreateFromGd2PartCtx - Support for new I/O context. + +</dl> + +<b>NOTE:</b> In fairness to Thomas Boutell, any bug/problems with any of the above features should +probably be reported to <a href=mailto:pjw@rhyme.com.au>Philip Warner</a>. + +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.4"><H3>What's new in version 1.4?</H3></A> + +Version 1.4 features the following changes: +<dl> +<dt>Fixed polygon fill routine (again) +<dd>Thanks to Kirsten Schulz, version 1.4 is able to fill +numerous types of polygons that caused problems with +previous releases, including version 1.3. +<dt>Support for alternate data sources +<dd>Programmers who wish to load a GIF from something other +than a stdio FILE * stream can use the new +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromPngSource">gdImageCreateFromPngSource</a> function. +<dt>Support for alternate data destinations +<dd>Programmers who wish to write a GIF to something other +than a stdio FILE * stream can use the new +<a href="#gdImagePngToSink">gdImagePngToSink</a> function. +<dt>More tolerant when reading GIFs +<dd> +Version 1.4 does not crash when reading certain animated GIFs, +although it still only reads the first frame. Version 1.4 also has +overflow testing code to prevent crashes when reading +damaged GIFs. +</dl> +<P><A NAME="whatsnew1.3"><H3>What's new in version 1.3?</H3></A> +Version 1.3 features the following changes: +<dl> +<dt>Non-LZW-based GIF compression code +<dd> +Version 1.3 contained GIF compression code that uses simple Run Length +Encoding instead of LZW compression, while still retaining compatibility +with normal LZW-based GIF decoders (your browser will still like your GIFs). +<strong>LZW compression is patented by Unisys. We are currently reevaluating +the approach taken by gd 1.3. The current release of gd does not support +this approach. We recommend that you use the current release, and generate +PNG images.</strong> Thanks to +Hutchison Avenue Software Corporation for contributing +the RLE GIF code. +<dt>8-bit fonts, and 8-bit font support +<dd>This improves support for European languages. Thanks are due +to Honza Pazdziora <adelton@informatics.muni.cz> and also to +Jan Pazdziora <adelton@fi.muni.cz>. Also see the provided bdftogd +Perl script if you wish to convert fixed-width X11 fonts +to gd fonts. +<dt>16-bit font support (no fonts provided) +<dd>Although no such fonts are provided in the distribution, +fonts containing more than 256 characters should work if the +gdImageString16 and gdImageStringUp16 routines are used. +<dt>Improvements to the "webpng" example/utility +<dd>The "webpng" utility is now a slightly more useful application. Thanks to +Brian Dowling for this code. +<dt>Corrections to the color resolution field of GIF output +<dd>Thanks to Bruno Aureli. +<dt>Fixed polygon fills +<dd>A one-line patch for the infamous polygon fill bug, courtesy +of Jim Mason. I believe this fix is sufficient. However, if you +find a situation where polygon fills still fail to behave properly, +please send code that demonstrates the problem, <em>and</em> a fix if +you have one. Verifying the fix is important. +<dt>Row-major, not column-major +<dd>Internally, gd now represents the array of pixels as +an array of rows of pixels, rather than an array of columns +of pixels. This improves the performance of compression and +decompression routines slightly, because horizontally adjacent +pixels are now next to each other in memory. <strong>This should +not affect properly written gd applications, but applications that +directly manipulate the <code>pixels</code> array will require +changes.</strong> +</dl> +<A NAME="required"><H3>What else do I need to use gd?</H3></A> +<P> +To use gd, you will need an ANSI C compiler. <strong>All popular +Windows 95 and NT C compilers are ANSI C compliant.</strong> Any +full-ANSI-standard C compiler should be adequate. <strong>The cc +compiler released with SunOS 4.1.3 is not an ANSI C compiler. +Most Unix users who do not already have gcc should get it. +gcc is free, ANSI compliant and a de facto industry standard. +Ask your ISP why it is missing.</strong> +<P> +As of version 1.6, you also need the zlib compression library, +and the libpng library. As of version 1.6.2, you can draw text +using antialiased TrueType fonts if you also have the libttf +library installed, but this is not mandatory. +zlib is available for a variety of platforms from +<a href="http://www.freesoftware.com/pub/infozip/index.html">the zlib web site</a>. +libpng is available for a variety of platforms from +<a href="http://www.cdrom.com/pub/png/">the PNG web site</a>. + +<P> +You will also want a PNG viewer, if you do not already have +one for your system, since you will need a good way to check the +results of your work. Netscape 4.04 and higher, and Microsoft +Internet Explorer 4.0 or higher, both support PNG. +<strong>Not every PNG-compatible viewer supports alpha channel +transparency,</strong> which is why gd 2.0.2 and above do alpha +blending in the library by default; it is possible to turn on the +saving of alpha channel information to the file instead. +<P> +<A NAME="getgd"><H3>How do I get gd?</H3></A> +<h4>Binaries (DLL for Windows programmers):</h4> +<ul> +<li><a href="http://www.libgd.org/Downloads">.ZIP File of DLL, Headers, Et Cetera</a> +<p> +</ul> +<h4>Source Code:</h4> +<ul> +<li><a href="http://www.libgd.org/Downloads">Gzipped Tar File (Unix)</a> +<li><a href="http://www.boutell.com/gd/http/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz">.ZIP File of SOURCE CODE (Windows)</a> +</ul> +<P> +<A NAME="buildgd"><H3>How do I build gd?</H3></A> +<blockquote> +Win32 DLL users: if you are using MSVC, use the provided batch file +<code>makemsvcimport.bat</code> to make a bgd.lib import library +corresponding to the provided bgd.dll. Copy bgd.dll to your +application directory, or to your Windows sytem directory. In the +settings of your MSVC project, you <b>MUST</b> choose the +"multithreaded DLL" library option under "code generation." +mingw32 and cygwin users can simply link with the provided libbgd.a +stub library in order to use the DLL. +</blockquote> +Building gd From the Source +<p> +In order to build gd, you must first unpack the archive you have +downloaded. If you are not familiar with <code>tar</code> and +<code>gunzip</code> (Unix) or <code>ZIP</code> (Windows), please +consult with an experienced user of your system. Sorry, we cannot +answer questions about basic Internet skills. +<p> +Unpacking the archive will produce a directory called "gd-2.0.33". +<p> +<h4>For Unix</h4> +<code>cd</code> to the 2.0.33 directory and type: +<p> +<code>./configure</code> +<P> +<blockquote> +<STRONG>NOTE: BY DEFAULT, THE LIBRARY IS INSTALLED IN +<code>/usr/local/lib</code></strong> and the include files are +installed in <code>/usr/local/include</code>. IF YOU ARE +UPGRADING, you may wish to use: +<pre> +./configure --prefix=/usr +</pre> +Rather than just <code>./configure</code>, before typing +<code>make</code> and <code>make install</code>. +</blockquote> +<p> +If all goes well, this will create a Makefile. If all does not go well -- +for instance, if neither the the JPEG nor the PNG and ZLIB libraries +are found -- you will need to install those libraries, then come back +and run <code>configure</code> again. +<p> +If necessary, make changes to the resulting Makefile. Then, +type "make". If there are no errors, follow this with "make install". +Because gd 2.0 and above installs as a shared library, it is necessary to +install the library properly before running gd-based programs. +<p> +If you get errors, type <code>./configure --help</code> for more +information about the available options. In the unlikely event +that the GNU autoconf-produced configure script does not work well +for you, you may wish to try <code>configure.pl</code>, a +simple Perl script with similar but less complete capabilities. +If all else fails, try renaming <code>makefile.sample</code> +to <code>Makefile</code>. However, <code>./configure</code> is +almost always your best bet. +<blockquote> +<h4>For Windows</h4> +Use the DLL version! See the paragraph at the beginning of this sectino. +If you really want to compile it yourself for some strange reason, read on. +<p> +Create a project using your favorite programming environment. +Copy all of the gd files to the project directory. Add <code>gd.c</code> +to your project. Add other source files as appropriate. Learning the +basic skills of creating projects with your chosen C environment +is up to you. Alternatively, use the free <code>mingw32</code> +or <code>cygwin</code> tools, which may prove to be compatible +with the provided <code>configure</code> script. +</blockquote> +<P> +If you wish to test the library, type "make test" AFTER you have +successfully executed "make install". This will build +several test programs, including "gddemo". (Not all of these +programs are expected to print completely successful messages, +depending on the nature of the image formats with which some of +the tests are tried; for instance, WBMP is a black and white +format, so loss of color information is expected there.) +Run gddemo to see some of the capabilities of gd. Run +gdtestft to play with the freetype support, if you have built +gd with it and have access to truetype fonts. +<P> +gddemo should execute without incident, creating the file +demoout.png. (Note there is also a file named demoin.png, +which is provided in the package as part of the demonstration.) +<P> +Display demoout.png in your PNG viewer. The image should +be 128x128 pixels and should contain an image of the +space shuttle with quite a lot of graphical elements drawn +on top of it. +<P> +(If you are missing the demoin.png file, the other items +should appear anyway.) +<P> +Look at demoin.png to see the original space shuttle +image which was scaled and copied into the output image. +<P> +<A NAME="basics"><H3>gd basics: using gd in your program</H3></A> +gd lets you create PNG or JPEG images on the fly. To use gd in your +program, include the file gd.h, and link with the gd +library and the other required libraries; the syntax for +most Unix flavors is: +<pre> +-lgd -lpng -lz -ljpeg -lfreetype -lm +</pre> +Assuming that all of these libraries are available. +<P> +If you want to use the provided simple fonts, include +gdfontt.h, gdfonts.h, gdfontmb.h, gdfontl.h and/or gdfontg.h. For +more impressive results, install FreeType 2.x and use the +<a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> +function. If you are not using the provided Makefile and/or a +library-based approach, be sure to include the source modules as well in your +project. (They may be too large for 16-bit memory models, +that is, 16-bit DOS and Windows.) +<P> +Here is a short example program. <strong>(For a more advanced example, +see gddemo.c, included in the distribution. gddemo.c is NOT the same program; +it demonstrates additional features!)</strong> +<P> +<PRE> +/* Bring in gd library functions */ +#include "gd.h" + +/* Bring in standard I/O so we can output the PNG to a file */ +#include <stdio.h> + +int main() { + /* Declare the image */ + <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; + /* Declare output files */ + FILE *pngout, *jpegout; + /* Declare color indexes */ + int black; + int white; + + /* Allocate the image: 64 pixels across by 64 pixels tall */ + im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(64, 64); + + /* Allocate the color black (red, green and blue all minimum). + Since this is the first color in a new image, it will + be the background color. */ + black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); + + /* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ + white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); + + /* Draw a line from the upper left to the lower right, + using white color index. */ + <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>(im, 0, 0, 63, 63, white); + + /* Open a file for writing. "wb" means "write binary", important + under MSDOS, harmless under Unix. */ + pngout = fopen("test.png", "wb"); + + /* Do the same for a JPEG-format file. */ + jpegout = fopen("test.jpg", "wb"); + + /* Output the image to the disk file in PNG format. */ + <A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im, pngout); + + /* Output the same image in JPEG format, using the default + JPEG quality setting. */ + <A HREF="#gdImageJpeg">gdImageJpeg</A>(im, jpegout, -1); + + /* Close the files. */ + fclose(pngout); + fclose(jpegout); + + /* Destroy the image in memory. */ + <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +} +</PRE> +When executed, this program creates an image, allocates +two colors (the first color allocated becomes the background +color), draws a diagonal line (note that 0, 0 is the upper +left corner), writes the image to PNG and JPEG files, and +destroys the image. +<P> +The above example program should +give you an idea of how the package works. +gd provides many additional functions, which are listed +in the following reference chapters, complete with code +snippets demonstrating each. There is also an +<A HREF="#index">alphabetical index</A>. +<H3><A NAME="webpng">Webpng: a more powerful gd example</A></H3> +Webpng is a simple utility program to manipulate PNGs from the +command line. It is written for Unix and similar command-line +systems, but should be easily adapted for other environments. +Webpng allows you to set transparency and interlacing and +output interesting information about the PNG in question. +<P> +webpng.c is provided in the distribution. Unix users can +simply type "make webpng" to compile the program. Type +"webpng" with no arguments to see the available options. +<H2><A NAME="reference">Function and type reference</A></H2> +<UL> +<LI><A HREF="#types">Types</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#creating">Image creation, destruction, loading and saving</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#drawing">Drawing, styling, brushing, tiling and +filling functions</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#query">Query functions (not color-related)</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#fonts">Font and text-handling functions</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#colors">Color handling functions</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#copying">Copying, resizing, rotating, deformation and filter +functions</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#misc">Miscellaneous Functions</A></LI> +<LI><A HREF="#constants">Constants</A></LI> +</UL> +<H3><A NAME="types">Types</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdImage"><code>gdImage</code><strong>(TYPE)</strong></A> +<DD> +The data structure in which gd stores images. <A HREF="#gdImageCreate"> +gdImageCreate</A>, <a href="#gdImageCreateTrueColor">gdImageCreateTrueColor</a> +and the various image file-loading functions return +a pointer to this type, and the other functions expect to receive +a pointer to this type as their first argument. It is reasonably safe to +examine any of the members of this structure. It is also reasonably +safe to modify individual pixels within the <code>pixels</code> +or <code>tpixels</code> arrays. If the <code>trueColor</code> flag +is set, the <code>tpixels</code> array is valid; otherwise the +<code>pixels</code> array is valid. +<p> +The <code>colorsTotal</code>, <code>red</code>, <code>green</code>, +<code>blue</code>, <code>alpha</code> and <code>open</code> arrays +manage the palette. They are valid only when the <code>trueColor</code> +flag is not set. +The <code>transparent</code> value contains the palette index of the first +transparent color as read-only information for backwards compatibility; +gd 2.0 stores this information in the <code>alpha</code> array so that +variable transparency can be supported for each palette entry. However, +for truecolor images, <code>transparent</code> represents a single +RGB color which is <strong>always 100% transparent</strong>, and this +feature is generally supported by browsers which do not support +full alpha channels. +<PRE> +typedef struct { + /* Palette-based image pixels */ + unsigned char ** pixels; + int sx; + int sy; + /* These are valid in palette images only. See also + /* 'alpha', which appears later in the structure to + preserve binary backwards compatibility */ + int colorsTotal; + int red[gdMaxColors]; + int green[gdMaxColors]; + int blue[gdMaxColors]; + int open[gdMaxColors]; + /* For backwards compatibility, this is set to the + first palette entry with 100% transparency, + and is also set and reset by the + gdImageColorTransparent function. Newer + applications can allocate palette entries + with any desired level of transparency; however, + bear in mind that many viewers, notably + many web browsers, fail to implement + full alpha channel for PNG and provide + support for full opacity or transparency only. */ + int transparent; + int *polyInts; + int polyAllocated; + struct gdImageStruct *brush; + struct gdImageStruct *tile; + int brushColorMap[gdMaxColors]; + int tileColorMap[gdMaxColors]; + int styleLength; + int stylePos; + int *style; + int interlace; + /* New in 2.0: alpha channel for palettes. Note that only + Macintosh Internet Explorer and (possibly) Netscape 6 + really support multiple levels of transparency in + palettes, to my knowledge, as of 2/15/01. Most + common browsers will display 100% opaque and + 100% transparent correctly, and do something + unpredictable and/or undesirable for levels + in between. TBB */ + int alpha[gdMaxColors]; + /* Truecolor flag and pixels. New 2.0 fields appear here at the + end to minimize breakage of existing object code. */ + int trueColor; + int ** tpixels; + /* Should alpha channel be copied, or applied, each time a + pixel is drawn? This applies to truecolor images only. + No attempt is made to alpha-blend in palette images, + even if semitransparent palette entries exist. + To do that, build your image as a truecolor image, + then quantize down to 8 bits. */ + int alphaBlendingFlag; + /* Should the alpha channel of the image be saved? This affects + PNG at the moment; other future formats may also + have that capability. JPEG doesn't. */ + int saveAlphaFlag; +} gdImage; +</PRE> +<p> +The order of the structure members may appear confusing, but was chosen +deliberately to increase backwards compatibility with existing gd 1.x-based +binary code that references particular structure members. +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +A pointer to an image structure. <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A> +returns this type, and the other functions expect it as the first +argument. +<DT><A NAME="gdIoCtx">gdIOCtx</a> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +Most of the gd functions that read and write files, such as +<a href="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</a> and <a href="#gdImageCreateFromJpeg"></a>, +also have variants that accept a gdIOCtx structure; see +<a href="#gdImagePngCtx">gdImagePngCtx</a> and +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromJpegCtx">gdImageCreateFromJpegCtx</a>. Those who wish to provide +their own custom routines to read and write images can populate a +gdIOCtx structure with functions of their own devising to +to read and write data. For image reading, the only mandatory +functions are getC and getBuf, which must return the number of +characters actually read, or a negative value on error or EOF. +These functions must read the number of characters requested +unless at the end of the file. For image writing, the only mandatory +functions are putC and putBuf, which return the number of +characters written; these functions must write the number of +characters requested except in the event of an error. The seek +and tell functions are only required in conjunction with the +<code>gd2</code> file format, which supports quick loading of +partial images. The gd_free function will not be invoked when +calling the standard Ctx functions; it is an implementation +convenience when adding new data types to gd. For examples, +see gd_png.c, gd_gd2.c, gd_jpeg.c, etc., all of which rely +on gdIOCtx to implement the standard image read and write functions. + +<pre> +typedef struct gdIOCtx +{ + int (*getC) (struct gdIOCtx *); + int (*getBuf) (struct gdIOCtx *, void *, int wanted); + + void (*putC) (struct gdIOCtx *, int); + int (*putBuf) (struct gdIOCtx *, const void *, int wanted); + + /* seek must return 1 on SUCCESS, 0 on FAILURE. Unlike fseek! */ + int (*seek) (struct gdIOCtx *, const int); + + long (*tell) (struct gdIOCtx *); + + void (*gd_free) (struct gdIOCtx *); + +} gdIOCtx; +</pre> + + +<DT><A NAME="gdFont">gdFont</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +A font structure. Used to declare the characteristics of a font. +Please see the files gdfontl.c and gdfontl.h for an example of the +proper declaration of this structure. You can provide your +own font data by providing such a structure and the associated +pixel array. You can determine the width and height of a single +character in a font by examining the w and h members of the +structure. If you will not be creating your own fonts, you will +not need to concern yourself with the rest of the components of this +structure. +<PRE> +typedef struct { + /* # of characters in font */ + int nchars; + /* First character is numbered... (usually 32 = space) */ + int offset; + /* Character width and height */ + int w; + int h; + /* Font data; array of characters, one row after another. + Easily included in code, also easily loaded from + data files. */ + char *data; +} gdFont; +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdFontPtr">gdFontPtr</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +A pointer to a font structure. Text-output functions expect these +as their second argument, following the <A HREF="#gdImagePtr"> +gdImagePtr</A> argument. Two such pointers are declared in the +provided include files gdfonts.h and gdfontl.h. +<DT><A NAME="gdPoint">gdPoint</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +Represents a point in the coordinate space of the image; used +by <A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>, +<A HREF="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon">gdImageFilledPolygon</A>. +<PRE> +typedef struct { + int x, y; +} gdPoint, *gdPointPtr; +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdPointPtr">gdPointPtr</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +A pointer to a <A HREF="#gdPoint">gdPoint</A> structure; passed +as an argument to <A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>, +<A HREF="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</A> +and <A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon">gdImageFilledPolygon</A>. +</DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdFTStringExtra">gdFTStringExtra</a> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +A structure used to pass additional parameters to the +<a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> function. See +<a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> for the +structure definition. +</DD> +<DT><A NAME="gdFTStringExtraPtr">gdFTStringExtraPtr</a> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +A pointer to a structure used to pass additional parameters to the +<a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> function. See +<a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> for the +structure definition. +</DD> +<DT><A NAME="gdSource">gdSource</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +<pre> +typedef struct { + int (*source) (void *context, char *buffer, int len); + void *context; +} gdSource, *gdSourcePtr; +</pre> +Represents a source from which a PNG can be read. +Programmers who do not wish to read PNGs from a file can provide +their own alternate input mechanism, using the +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromPngSource">gdImageCreateFromPngSource</a> function. +See the documentation of that function for an example of the +proper use of this type. +<DT><A NAME="gdSink">gdSink</A> <strong>(TYPE)</strong> +<DD> +<PRE> +typedef struct { + int (*sink) (void *context, char *buffer, int len); + void *context; +} gdSink, *gdSinkPtr; +</PRE> +Represents a "sink" (destination) to which a PNG can be written. +Programmers who do not wish to write PNGs to a file can provide +their own alternate output mechanism, using the +<a href="#gdImagePngToSink">gdImagePngToSink</a> function. +See the documentation of that function for an example of the +proper use of this type. +<H3><A NAME="creating">Image creation, destruction, loading and saving</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate(sx, sy)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<DD> +gdImageCreate is called to create palette-based images, with no +more than 256 colors. Invoke gdImageCreate +with the x and y dimensions of the desired image. gdImageCreate +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or +NULL if unable to +allocate the image. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +im = gdImageCreate(64, 64); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateTrueColor">gdImageCreateTrueColor(sx, sy)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<DD> +gdImageCreateTrueColor is called to create truecolor images, with +an essentially unlimited number of colors. Invoke gdImageCreateTrueColor +with the x and y dimensions of the desired image. gdImageCreateTrueColor +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or +NULL if unable to +allocate the image. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<p> +Truecolor images are always filled with black at creation time. +There is no concept of a "background" color index. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +im = gdImageCreateTrueColor(64, 64); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromJpeg">gdImageCreateFromJpeg(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageCreateFromJpegPtr">gdImageCreateFromJpegPtr(int size, void *data)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageCreateFromJpegCtx">gdImageCreateFromJpegCtx(gdIOCtx *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromJpeg is called to load truecolor images from JPEG format files. +Invoke gdImageCreateFromJpeg with an already opened pointer to a file +containing the desired image. +gdImageCreateFromJpeg +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new +truecolor image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain a JPEG image). gdImageCreateFromJpeg does <em>not</em> +close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. <strong>The +returned image is always a truecolor image.</strong> +<p> +If you already have the +image file in memory, pass the size of the file and a pointer to the +file's data to gdImageCreateFromJpegPtr, which is otherwise identical +to gdImageCreateFromJpeg. +<p> +<PRE> +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +... inside a function ... +FILE *in; +in = fopen("myjpeg.jpg", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromJpeg(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromPngPtr">gdImageCreateFromPngPtr(int size, void *data)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromPngCtx">gdImageCreateFromPngCtx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromPng is called to load images from PNG format files. +Invoke gdImageCreateFromPng with an already opened pointer to a file +containing the desired image. +gdImageCreateFromPng +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain a PNG image). gdImageCreateFromPng does <em>not</em> +close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<p> +If you already have the +image file in memory, pass the size of the file and a pointer to the +file's data to gdImageCreateFromPngPtr, which is otherwise identical +to gdImageCreateFromPng. +<p> +If the PNG image being loaded is a truecolor image, the resulting +gdImagePtr will refer to a truecolor image. If the PNG image +being loaded is a palette or grayscale image, the resulting +gdImagePtr will refer to a palette image. gd retains only 8 bits +of resolution for each of the red, green and blue channels, and +only 7 bits of resolution for the alpha channel. The former +restriction affects only a handful of very rare 48-bit color +and 16-bit grayscale PNG images. The second restriction affects +all semitransparent PNG images, but the difference is essentially +invisible to the eye. 7 bits of alpha channel resolution is, +in practice, quite a lot. +<PRE> +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +... inside a function ... +FILE *in; +in = fopen("mypng.png", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromPng(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromPngSource">gdImageCreateFromPngSource(gdSourcePtr in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<dd> +<b>Deprecated</b> in favor of +<a href="#gdImageCreateFromPngCtx">gdImageCreateFromPngCtx</a>. Should +not be used in new applications. +<p> +gdImageCreateFromPngSource is called to load a PNG from +a data source other than a file. Usage is very similar to +the <a href="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</a> function, +except that the programmer provides a custom data source. +<p> +The programmer must write an input function which accepts +a context pointer, a buffer, and a number of bytes to be +read as arguments. This function must read the number of +bytes requested, unless the end of the file has been reached, +in which case the function should return zero, or an error +has occurred, in which case the function should return +<code>-1</code>. The programmer then creates a +<a href="#gdSource">gdSource</a> structure and sets +the <code>source</code> pointer to the input function and +the context pointer to any value which is useful to the +programmer. +<p> +The example below +implements <a href="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</a> +by creating a custom data source and invoking gdImageCreateFromPngSource. +<pre> +static int freadWrapper(void *context, char *buf, int len); + +gdImagePtr gdImageCreateFromPng(FILE *in) +{ + gdSource s; + s.source = freadWrapper; + s.context = in; + return gdImageCreateFromPngSource(&s); +} + +static int freadWrapper(void *context, char *buf, int len) +{ + int got = fread(buf, 1, len, (FILE *) context); + return got; +} +</pre> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGif">gdImageCreateFromGif(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGifPtr">gdImageCreateFromGifPtr(int size, void *data)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGifCtx">gdImageCreateFromGifCtx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromGif is called to load images from GIF format files. +Invoke gdImageCreateFromGif with an already opened pointer to a file +containing the desired image. +gdImageCreateFromGif +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain a GIF image). gdImageCreateFromGif does <em>not</em> +close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<p> +If you already have the +image file in memory, pass the size of the file and a pointer to the +file's data to gdImageCreateFromGifPtr, which is otherwise identical +to gdImageCreateFromGif. +<PRE> +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +... inside a function ... +FILE *in; +in = fopen("mygif.gif", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromGif(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd">gdImageCreateFromGd(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<br><DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGdPtr">gdImageCreateFromGdPtr(int size, void *data)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGdCtx">gdImageCreateFromGdCtx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromGd is called to load images from gd format files. +Invoke gdImageCreateFromGd +with an already opened pointer to a file containing the desired image +in the <A HREF="#gdformat">gd file format</A>, which is specific to +gd and intended for very fast loading. (It is <em>not</em> intended for +compression; for compression, use PNG or JPEG.) +<p> +If you already have the +image file in memory, pass the size of the file and a pointer to the +file's data to gdImageCreateFromGdPtr, which is otherwise identical +to gdImageCreateFromGd. +<p> +gdImageCreateFromGd +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain a gd format image). gdImageCreateFromGd does <em>not</em> +close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +in = fopen("mygd.gd", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromGd(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd2">gdImageCreateFromGd2(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<br><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd2Ptr">gdImageCreateFromGd2Ptr(int size, void *data)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd2Ctx">gdImageCreateFromGd2Ctx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> + +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromGd2 is called to load images from gd2 format files. +Invoke gdImageCreateFromGd2 +with an already opened pointer to a file containing the desired image +in the <A HREF="#gdformat">gd2 file format</A>, which is specific to +gd2 and intended for fast loading of parts of large images. +(It is a compressed format, but generally not as good as maximum +compression of the entire image would be.) +<p> +If you already have the +image file in memory, pass the size of the file and a pointer to the +file's data to gdImageCreateFromGd2Ptr, which is otherwise identical +to gdImageCreateFromGd2. +<p> +gdImageCreateFromGd2 +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain a gd format image). gdImageCreateFromGd2 does <em>not</em> +close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +in = fopen("mygd.gd2", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromGd2(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd2Part">gdImageCreateFromGd2Part(FILE *in, int srcX, int srcY, int w, int h)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<br><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd2PartPtr">gdImageCreateFromGd2PartPtr(int size, void *data, int srcX, int srcY, int w, int h)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromGd2PartCtx">gdImageCreateFromGd2PartCtx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> + +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromGd2Part is called to load parts of images from <A HREF="#gdformat">gd2 format files</a>. +Invoked in the same way as <a href=#gdImageCreateFromGd2>gdImageCreateFromGd2</a>, +but with extra parameters +indicating the source (x, y) and width/height of the desired image. +gdImageCreateFromGd2Part returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the +new image, or NULL if unable to load the image. +The image must eventually be destroyed using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<p> +If you already have the image file in memory, you may use +gdImageCreateFromGd2PartPtr. Pass the size of the image file, +in bytes, as the first argument and the pointer to the image file data +as the second argument. +<p> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromWBMP">gdImageCreateFromWBMP(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromWBMPPtr">gdImageCreateFromWBMPPtr(int size, void *data)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromWBMPCtx">gdImageCreateFromWBMPCtx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<p> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromWBMP is called to load images from WBMP format files. +Invoke gdImageCreateFromWBMP with an already opened pointer to a file +containing the desired image. +gdImageCreateFromWBMP +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain a PNG image). gdImageCreateFromWBMP does <em>not</em> +close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<p> +If you already have the +image file in memory, pass the size of the file and a pointer to the +file's data to gdImageCreateFromWBMPPtr, which is otherwise identical +to gdImageCreateFromWBMP. +<PRE> +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +... inside a function ... +FILE *in; +in = fopen("mywbmp.wbmp", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromWBMP(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<p> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromXbm">gdImageCreateFromXbm(FILE *in)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromXbm is called to load images from X bitmap format +files. Invoke gdImageCreateFromXbm +with an already opened pointer to a file containing the desired image. +gdImageCreateFromXbm +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain an X bitmap format image). gdImageCreateFromXbm does +<em>not</em> close the file. You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +in = fopen("myxbm.xbm", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromXbm(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCreateFromXpm">gdImageCreateFromXpm(char *filename)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<DD> +gdImageCreateFromXbm is called to load images from XPM X Window System +color bitmap format files. This function is available only if HAVE_XPM +is selected in the Makefile and the Xpm library is linked with the +application. Unlike most gd file functions, the Xpm functions require +filenames, not file pointers. +gdImageCreateFromXpm +returns a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> to the new image, or NULL +if unable to load the image (most often because the file is corrupt or +does not contain an XPM bitmap format image). You can inspect the sx and sy members of the +image to determine its size. The image must eventually be destroyed +using <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy()</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +in = fopen("myxpm.xpm", "rb"); +im = gdImageCreateFromXpm(in); +fclose(in); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy(gdImagePtr im)</A> <STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>gdImageDestroy is used to free the memory associated with +an image. It is important to invoke gdImageDestroy before +exiting your program or assigning a new image to +a <A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> variable. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(10, 10); +/* ... Use the image ... */ +/* Now destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageJpeg"> +void gdImageJpeg(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out, int quality)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG><BR> +<a name="gdImageJpegCtx">void gdImageJpegCtx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out, int quality)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG><BR> +<DD> +gdImageJpeg outputs the specified image to the specified +file in JPEG format. The file must be open for writing. Under MSDOS +and all versions of Windows, it is important to use "wb" as opposed +to simply "w" as the mode when opening the file, and under Unix there +is no penalty for doing so. gdImageJpeg does <em>not</em> +close the file; your code must do so. +<P> +If quality is negative, the default IJG JPEG quality value (which +should yield a good general quality / size tradeoff for most +situations) is used. Otherwise, for practical purposes, quality +should be a value in the range 0-95, higher quality values usually +implying both higher quality and larger image sizes. +<P> +If you have set image interlacing using +<A HREF="#gdImageInterlace">gdImageInterlace</A>, this function will +interpret that to mean you wish to output a progressive JPEG. Some +programs (e.g., Web browsers) can display progressive JPEGs +incrementally; this can be useful when browsing over a relatively slow +communications link, for example. Progressive JPEGs can also be +slightly smaller than sequential (non-progressive) JPEGs. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black, white; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Draw rectangle */ +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("rect.jpg", "wb"); +/* Write JPEG using default quality */ +gdImageJpeg(im, out, -1); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageJpegPtr"> +void* gdImageJpegPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size, int quality)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageJpeg except that it returns a pointer to a memory +area with the JPEG data. This memory must be freed by the caller when it is +no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke gdFree(), not free(), +unless the caller is absolutely certain that the same implementations of +malloc, free, etc. are used both at library build time and at application +build time.</strong> The 'size' parameter receives the total size of the block +of memory. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGif"> +void gdImageGif(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageGifCtx"> +void gdImageGifCtx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGif outputs the specified image to the specified +file in GIF format. The file must be open for writing. Under MSDOS +and all versions of Windows, it is important to use "wb" as opposed +to simply "w" as the mode when opening the file, and under Unix there +is no penalty for doing so. gdImageGif does <em>not</em> +close the file; your code must do so. +<p> +GIF does not support true color; GIF images can contain a maximum +of 256 colors. If the image to be written is a +truecolor image, such as those created with +<a href="#gdImageCreateTrueColor">gdImageCreateTrueColor</a> or loaded +from a JPEG or a truecolor PNG image file, a palette-based +temporary image will automatically be created internally using the +<a href="#gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor">gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor</a> function. The original image pixels are not modified. This conversion +produces high quality palettes but does require some CPU time. If you are +regularly converting truecolor to palette in this way, you should consider +creating your image as a palette-based image in the first place. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black, white; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Draw rectangle */ +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("rect.gif", "wb"); +/* Write GIF */ +gdImageGif(im, out); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifPtr"> +void* gdImageGifPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageGif except that it returns a pointer to a memory +area with the GIF data. This memory must be freed by the caller when it is +no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke gdFree(), not free(), +unless the caller is absolutely certain that the same implementations of +malloc, free, etc. are used both at library build time and at application +build time.</strong> The 'size' parameter receives the total size of the block +of memory. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifAnimBegin"> +void gdImageGifAnimBegin(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out, int GlobalCM, int Loops)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageGifAnimBeginCtx"> +void gdImageGifAnimBeginCtx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out, int GlobalCM, int Loops)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> + +<DD>This function must be called as the first function when creating a +GIF animation. It writes the correct GIF file headers to selected +file output, and prepares for frames to be added for the animation. +The image argument is not used to produce an image frame to the file, +it is only used to establish the GIF animation frame size, interlacing +options and the color palette. gdImageGifAnimAdd is used to +add the first and subsequent frames to the animation, and the animation +must be terminated by writing a semicolon character (;) to it or by using +gdImageGifAnimEnd to do that. +<p> + +The GlobalCM flag indicates if a global color map (or palette) is used +in the GIF89A header. A nonzero value specifies that a global color +map should be used to reduce the size of the animation. +Of course, if the color maps of +individual frames differ greatly, a global color map may not be a good idea. +GlobalCM=1 means write global color map, GlobalCM=0 means do not, and +GlobalCM=-1 means to do the default, which currently is to use a global +color map. + +<p> + +If Loops is 0 or greater, the Netscape 2.0 extension for animation +loop count is written. 0 means infinite loop count. -1 means that +the extension is not added which results in no looping. -1 is the +default. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifAnimBeginPtr"> +void* gdImageGifAnimBeginPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size, int GlobalCM, int Loops)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageGifAnimBegin except that it returns a pointer +to a memory area with the GIF data. This memory must be freed by the +caller when it is no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke +gdFree(), not free(), unless the caller is absolutely certain that the +same implementations of malloc, free, etc. are used both at library +build time and at application build time.</strong> The 'size' +parameter receives the total size of the block of memory. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifAnimAdd"> +void gdImageGifAnimAdd(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out, int LocalCM, int LeftOfs, int TopOfs, int Delay, int Disposal, gdImagePtr previm)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageGifAnimAddCtx"> +void gdImageGifAnimAddCtx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out, int LocalCM, int LeftOfs, int TopOfs, int Delay, int Disposal, gdImagePtr previm)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> + +<DD> This function writes GIF animation frames to GIF animation, which +was initialized with <a +href="#gdImageGifAnimBegin">gdImageGifAnimBegin</a>. With LeftOfs and +TopOfs you can place this frame in different offset than (0,0) inside +the image screen as defined in gdImageGifAnimBegin. Delay between the +previous frame and this frame is in 1/100s units. Disposal is usually +<code>gdDisposalNone</code>, meaning that the pixels changed by this +frame should remain on the display when the next frame begins to render, but +can also be <code>gdDisposalUnknown</code> (not recommended), +<code>gdDisposalRestoreBackground</code> (restores the first +allocated color of the global palette), or +<code>gdDisposalRestorePrevious</code> (restores the appearance of the +affected area before the frame was rendered). Only +<code>gdDisposalNone</code> is a sensible choice for the first frame. +If <code>previm</code> is +passed, the built-in GIF optimizer will always use <code>gdDisposalNone</code> +regardless of the Disposal parameter. +<p> +Setting the LocalCM flag to 1 adds a local palette for this image to the +animation. Otherwise the global palette is assumed and the user must make +sure the palettes match. Use <A HREF="#gdImagePaletteCopy">gdImagePaletteCopy</A> to do that. + +<p> + +Automatic optimization is activated by giving the previous image as a +parameter. This function then compares the images and only writes the changed +pixels to the new frame in animation. The Disposal parameter for +optimized animations must be set to 1, also for the first frame. +LeftOfs and TopOfs parameters are ignored for optimized frames. To +achieve good optimization, it is usually best to use a single global +color map. To allow gdImageGifAnimAdd to compress unchanged pixels via +the use of a transparent color, the image must include a transparent color. + +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +gdImagePtr im, im2, im3; +int black, white, trans; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = gdImageCreate(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = gdImageColorAllocate(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = gdImageColorAllocate(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate transparent color for animation compression */ +trans = gdImageColorAllocate(im, 1, 1, 1); +/* Draw rectangle */ +gdImageRectangle(im, 0, 0, 10, 10, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("anim.gif", "wb"); +/* Write GIF header. Use global color map. Loop a few times */ +gdImageGifAnimBegin(im, out, 1, 3); +/* Write the first frame. No local color map. Delay = 1s */ +gdImageGifAnimAdd(im, out, 0, 0, 0, 100, 1, NULL); +/* construct the second frame */ +im2 = gdImageCreate(100, 100); +/* Allocate background to make it white */ +(void)gdImageColorAllocate(im2, 255, 255, 255); +/* Make sure the palette is identical */ +gdImagePaletteCopy (im2, im); +/* Draw something */ +gdImageRectangle(im2, 0, 0, 15, 15, black); +/* Allow animation compression with transparent pixels */ +gdImageColorTransparent (im2, trans); +/* Add the second frame */ +gdImageGifAnimAdd(im2, out, 0, 0, 0, 100, 1, im); +/* construct the second frame */ +im3 = gdImageCreate(100, 100); +/* Allocate background to make it white */ +(void)gdImageColorAllocate(im3, 255, 255, 255); +/* Make sure the palette is identical */ +gdImagePaletteCopy (im3, im); +/* Draw something */ +gdImageRectangle(im3, 0, 0, 15, 20, black); +/* Allow animation compression with transparent pixels */ +gdImageColorTransparent (im3, trans); +/* Add the third frame, compressing against the second one */ +gdImageGifAnimAdd(im3, out, 0, 0, 0, 100, 1, im2); +/* Write the end marker */ +/* gdImageGifAnimEnd(out); is the same as the following: */ +putc (';', out); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy images */ +gdImageDestroy(im); +gdImageDestroy(im2); +gdImageDestroy(im3); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifAnimAddPtr"> +void* gdImageGifAnimAddPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size, int LocalCM, int LeftOfs, int TopOfs, int Delay, int Disposal, gdImagePtr previm)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageGifAnimAdd except that it returns a pointer +to a memory area with the GIF data. This memory must be freed by the +caller when it is no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke +gdFree(), not free(), unless the caller is absolutely certain that the +same implementations of malloc, free, etc. are used both at library +build time and at application build time.</strong> The 'size' +parameter receives the total size of the block of memory. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifAnimEnd"> +void gdImageGifAnimEnd(FILE *out)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageGifAnimEndCtx"> +void gdImageGifAnimEndCtx(gdIOCtx *out)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> + +<DD>Writes semicolon character (;) to the output file. This +terminates the GIF file properly. You can omit the call to +gdImageGifAnimEnd and just print out the semicolon. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGifAnimEndPtr"> +void* gdImageGifAnimEndPtr(int *size)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> + +<DD>Returns a one byte string containing the semicolon character (;). +Returns a pointer to a memory area with that string. This memory must +be freed by the caller when it is no longer needed. <strong>The caller +must invoke gdFree(), not free(), unless the caller is absolutely +certain that the same implementations of malloc, free, etc. are used +both at library build time and at application build time.</strong> The +'size' parameter receives the total size of the block of memory. The +string ";" can be used in place of this function. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePng"> +void gdImagePng(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImagePngCtx"> +void gdImagePngCtx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImagePng outputs the specified image to the specified +file in PNG format. The file must be open for writing. Under MSDOS +and all versions of Windows, it is important to use "wb" as opposed +to simply "w" as the mode when opening the file, and under Unix there +is no penalty for doing so. gdImagePng does <em>not</em> +close the file; your code must do so. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black, white; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Draw rectangle */ +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("rect.png", "wb"); +/* Write PNG */ +gdImagePng(im, out); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePngEx"> +void gdImagePngEx(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out, int level)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImagePngCtxEx"> +void gdImagePngCtxEx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out, int level)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Like <a href="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</a>, gdImagePngEx outputs the +specified image to the specified file in PNG format. In addition, +gdImagePngEx allows the level of compression to be specified. A compression +level of 0 means "no compression." A compression level of 1 means +"compressed, but as quickly as possible." A compression level of 9 +means "compressed as much as possible to produce the smallest possible +file." A compression level of -1 will use the default compression level +at the time zlib was compiled on your system. +<p> +For more information, see <a href="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePngPtr"> +void* gdImagePngPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImagePng except that it returns a pointer to a memory +area with the PNG data. This memory must be freed by the caller when it is +no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke gdFree(), not free(), +unless the caller is absolutely certain that the same implementations of +malloc, free, etc. are used both at library build time and at application +build time.</strong> The 'size' parameter receives the total size of the block +of memory. +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePngPtrEx"> +void* gdImagePngPtrEx(gdImagePtr im, int *size, int level)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Like <a href="#gdImagePngPtr">gdImagePngPtr</a>, gdImagePngPtrEx returns a +pointer to a PNG image in allocated memory. +In addition, gdImagePngPtrEx allows the level of compression to be +specified. A compression level of 0 means "no compression." A compression level of 1 means +"compressed, but as quickly as possible." A compression level of 9 +means "compressed as much as possible to produce the smallest possible +file." A compression level of -1 will use the default compression level +at the time zlib was compiled on your system. +<p> +For more information, see <a href="#gdImagePngPtr">gdImagePngPtr</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePngToSink">gdImagePngToSink(gdImagePtr im, gdSinkPtr out)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<dd> +gdImagePngToSink is called to write a PNG to +a data "sink" (destination) other than a file. Usage is very similar to +the <a href="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</a> function, +except that the programmer provides a custom data sink. +<p> +The programmer must write an output function which accepts +a context pointer, a buffer, and a number of bytes to be +written as arguments. This function must write the number of +bytes requested and return that number, unless an error +has occurred, in which case the function should return +<code>-1</code>. The programmer then creates a +<a href="#gdSink">gdSink</a> structure and sets +the <code>sink</code> pointer to the output function and +the context pointer to any value which is useful to the +programmer. +<p> +The example below +implements <a href="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</a> +by creating a custom data source and invoking gdImagePngFromSink. +<pre> +static int stdioSink(void *context, char *buffer, int len) +{ + return fwrite(buffer, 1, len, (FILE *) context); +} + +void gdImagePng(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out) +{ + gdSink mySink; + mySink.context = (void *) out; + mySink.sink = stdioSink; + gdImagePngToSink(im, &mySink); +} +</pre> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageWBMP"> +void gdImageWBMP(gdImagePtr im, int fg, FILE *out)</A> +<BR><A NAME="gdImageWBMPCtx">gdImageWBMPCtx(<a href=#gdioctx>gdIOCtx</a> *out)</A> +<strong>(FUNCTION)</strong><STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageWBMP outputs the specified image to the specified +file in WBMP format. The file must be open for writing. Under MSDOS +and all versions of Windows, it is important to use "wb" as opposed +to simply "w" as the mode when opening the file, and under Unix there +is no penalty for doing so. gdImageWBMP does <em>not</em> +close the file; your code must do so. +<p> +<strong>WBMP file support is black and white only. The color index +specified by the fg argument is the "foreground," and only pixels +of this color will be set in the WBMP file.</strong> All other pixels +will be considered "background." +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black, white; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Draw rectangle */ +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("rect.wbmp", "wb"); +/* Write WBMP, with black as foreground */ +gdImageWBMP(im, black, out); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageWBMPPtr"> +void* gdImageWBMPPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageWBMP except that it returns a pointer to a memory +area with the WBMP data. This memory must be freed by the caller when it is +no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke gdFree(), not free(), +unless the caller is absolutely certain that the same implementations of +malloc, free, etc. are used both at library build time and at application +build time.</strong> The 'size' parameter receives the total size of the block +of memory. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGd"> +void gdImageGd(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGd outputs the specified image to the specified +file in the <A HREF="#gdformat">gd image format</A>. The file must +be open for writing. Under MSDOS and all versions of Windows, it is +important to use "wb" as +opposed to simply "w" as the mode when opening the file, and under +Unix there is no penalty for doing so. gdImagePng does <em>not</em> +close the file; your code must do so. +<P> +The gd image format is intended for fast reads and writes of +images your program will need frequently to build other +images. It is <em>not</em> a compressed format, and is not intended +for general use. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black, white; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Draw rectangle */ +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("rect.gd", "wb"); +/* Write gd format file */ +gdImageGd(im, out); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGdPtr"> +void* gdImageGdPtr(gdImagePtr im, int *size)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageGd except that it returns a pointer to a memory +area with the GD data. This memory must be freed by the caller when it is +no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke gdFree(), not free(), +unless the caller is absolutely certain that the same implementations of +malloc, free, etc. are used both at library build time and at application +build time.</strong> The 'size' parameter receives the total size of the block +of memory. + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGd2"> +void gdImageGd2(gdImagePtr im, FILE *out, int chunkSize, int fmt)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageGd2Ctx"> +void gdImageGd2Ctx(gdImagePtr im, gdIOCtx *out, int chunkSize, int fmt)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGd2 outputs the specified image to the specified +file in the <A HREF="#gd2format">gd2 image format</A>. The file must +be open for writing. Under MSDOS and all versions of Windows, it is +important to use "wb" as +opposed to simply "w" as the mode when opening the file, and under +Unix there is no penalty for doing so. gdImageGd2 does <em>not</em> +close the file; your code must do so. +<P> +The gd2 image format is intended for fast reads and writes of +parts of images. +It is a compressed format, and well suited to retrieving smll sections of +much larger images. + +The third and fourth parameters are the 'chunk size' and format resposectively. +<p> +The file is stored as a series of compressed subimages, and the +<strong>Chunk Size</strong> determines the sub-image size - a value of +zero causes the GD library to use the default. +<p> +It is also possible to store GD2 files in an uncompressed format, in which case the +fourth parameter should be GD2_FMT_RAW. + +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black, white; +FILE *out; +/* Create the image */ +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Allocate background */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate drawing color */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Draw rectangle */ +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, black); +/* Open output file in binary mode */ +out = fopen("rect.gd", "wb"); +/* Write gd2 format file */ +gdImageGd2(im, out, 0, GD2_FMT_COMPRESSED); +/* Close file */ +fclose(out); +/* Destroy image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGd2Ptr"> +void* gdImageGd2Ptr(gdImagePtr im, int chunkSize, int fmt, int *size)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>Identical to gdImageGd2 except that it returns a pointer to a memory +area with the GD2 data. This memory must be freed by the caller when it is +no longer needed. <strong>The caller must invoke gdFree(), not free(), +unless the caller is absolutely certain that the same implementations of +malloc, free, etc. are used both at library build time and at application +build time.</strong> The 'size' parameter receives the total size of the block +of memory. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageTrueColorToPalette"> +void gdImageTrueColorToPalette(gdImagePtr im, int ditherFlag, int colorsWanted)</A> +<br> +<A NAME="gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor"> +gdImagePtr gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor(gdImagePtr im, int ditherFlag, int colorsWanted)</A> + +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +<blockquote> +gdImageCreatePaletteFromTrueColor returns a <b>new</b> +image. gdImageTrueColorToPalette permanently converts the +<b>existing</b> image. The two functions are otherwise identical. +</blockquote> +<p> +The function converts a truecolor image to a palette-based image, +using a high-quality two-pass quantization routine. +If ditherFlag is set, the image will be +dithered to approximate colors better, at the expense +of some obvious "speckling." colorsWanted can be +anything up to 256. If the original source image +includes photographic information or anything that +came out of a JPEG, 256 is strongly recommended. +100% transparency of a single transparent color in the +original truecolor image will be preserved. There is no other +support for preservation of alpha channel or transparency in +the destination image. +<p> +For best results, don't use this function -- write real +truecolor PNGs and JPEGs. The disk space gain of +conversion to palette is not great (for small images +it can be negative) and the quality loss is ugly. However, +the version of this function included in version 2.0.12 and later does +do a better job than the version included prior to 2.0.12. +</DL> +<H3><A NAME="drawing">Drawing Functions</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetPixel">void gdImageSetPixel(gdImagePtr im, int x, int y, int color)</A> <STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>gdImageSetPixel sets a pixel to a particular color index. Always use +this function or one of the other drawing functions to access pixels; +do not access the pixels of the <A HREF="#gdImage">gdImage</A> structure +directly. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Set a pixel near the center. */ +gdImageSetPixel(im, 50, 50, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageLine">void gdImageLine(gdImagePtr im, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageLine is used to draw a line between two endpoints (x1,y1 and x2, y2). +The line is drawn using the color index specified. Note that the color +index can be an actual color returned by <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate"> +gdImageColorAllocate</A> or one of <A HREF="#gdStyled">gdStyled</A>, +<A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdBrushed</A> or <A HREF="#gdStyledBrushed"> +gdStyledBrushed</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green + and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a line from the upper left corner to the + lower right corner. */ +gdImageLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageDashedLine">void gdImageDashedLine(gdImagePtr im, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageDashedLine is provided <strong>solely for backwards compatibility +</strong> with gd 1.0. New programs should draw dashed lines using +the normal <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> function and the +new <A HREF="#gdImageSetStyle">gdImageSetStyle</A> function. +<P> +gdImageDashedLine is used to draw a dashed line between two endpoints +(x1,y1 and x2, y2). +The line is drawn using the color index specified. The portions of the line +that are not drawn are left transparent so the background is visible. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue + all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner + to the lower right corner. */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePolygon">void gdImagePolygon(gdImagePtr im, gdPointPtr points, int pointsTotal, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImagePolygon is used to draw a polygon with the verticies +(at least 3) specified, using the color index specified. +See also <A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon">gdImageFilledPolygon</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +/* Points of polygon */ +<A HREF="#gdPoint">gdPoint</A> points[3]; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and + blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a triangle. */ +points[0].x = 50; +points[0].y = 0; +points[1].x = 99; +points[1].y = 99; +points[2].x = 0; +points[2].y = 99; +gdImagePolygon(im, points, 3, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageOpenPolygon">void gdImageOpenPolygon(gdImagePtr im, gdPointPtr points, int pointsTotal, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageOpenPolygon is used to draw a sequence of lines with the verticies +(at least 3) specified, using the color index specified. Unlike +<A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>, the enpoints of the line +sequence are not connected to a closed polygon. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageRectangle">void gdImageRectangle(gdImagePtr im, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageRectangle is used to draw a rectangle with the two corners +(upper left first, then lower right) specified, using the +color index specified. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a rectangle occupying the central area. */ +gdImageRectangle(im, 25, 25, 74, 74, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageFilledPolygon">void gdImageFilledPolygon(gdImagePtr im, gdPointPtr points, int pointsTotal, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageFilledPolygon is used to fill a polygon with the verticies +(at least 3) specified, using the color index specified. +See also <A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +int red; +/* Points of polygon */ +<A HREF="#gdPoint">gdPoint</A> points[3]; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate the color red. */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* Draw a triangle. */ +points[0].x = 50; +points[0].y = 0; +points[1].x = 99; +points[1].y = 99; +points[2].x = 0; +points[2].y = 99; +/* Paint it in white */ +gdImageFilledPolygon(im, points, 3, white); +/* Outline it in red; must be done second */ +<A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>(im, points, 3, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageFilledRectangle">void gdImageFilledRectangle(gdImagePtr im, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageFilledRectangle is used to draw a solid rectangle with the two corners +(upper left first, then lower right) specified, using the +color index specified. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">int gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a filled rectangle occupying the central area. */ +gdImageFilledRectangle(im, 25, 25, 74, 74, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageArc">void gdImageArc(gdImagePtr im, int cx, int cy, int w, int h, int s, int e, int color)</A> +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageArc is used to draw a partial ellipse centered at the given point, +with the specified width and height in pixels. The arc begins at +the position in degrees specified by <code>s</code> and ends at +the position specified by <code>e</code>. The arc is drawn in +the color specified by the last argument. A circle can be drawn +by beginning from 0 degrees and ending at 360 degrees, with +width and height being equal. e must be greater than s. Values greater +than 360 are interpreted modulo 360. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 50); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Inscribe an ellipse in the image. */ +gdImageArc(im, 50, 25, 98, 48, 0, 360, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageFilledArc">void gdImageFilledArc(gdImagePtr im, int cx, int cy, int w, int h, int s, int e, int color, int style)</A> +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageFilledArc is used to draw a partial ellipse centered at the given point, +with the specified width and height in pixels. The arc begins at +the position in degrees specified by <code>s</code> and ends at +the position specified by <code>e</code>. The arc is filled in +the color specified by the second to last argument. A circle can be drawn +by beginning from 0 degrees and ending at 360 degrees, with +width and height being equal. e must be greater than s. Values greater +than 360 are interpreted modulo 360. The last argument is a bitwise +OR of the following possibilities: +<ul> +<li>gdArc +<li>gdChord +<li>gdPie (synonym for gdChord) +<li>gdNoFill +<li>gdEdged +</ul> +gdArc and gdChord are mutually exclusive; +gdChord just connects the starting and ending +angles with a straight line, while gdArc produces +a rounded edge. gdPie is a synonym for gdArc. +gdNoFill indicates that the arc or chord should be +outlined, not filled. gdEdged, used together with +gdNoFill, indicates that the beginning and ending +angles should be connected to the center; this is +a good way to outline (rather than fill) a +'pie slice'. + +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 50); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Inscribe a filled pie slice in the image. */ +gdImageFilledArc(im, 50, 25, 98, 48, 0, 45, white, gdArc); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageFilledEllipse">void gdImageFilledEllipse(gdImagePtr im, int cx, int cy, int w, int h, int color)</A> +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageFilledEllipse is used to draw an ellipse centered at the given point, +with the specified width and height in pixels. The ellipse is filled in +the color specified by the last argument. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 50); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Inscribe a filled ellipse in the image. */ +gdImageFilledEllipse(im, 50, 25, 98, 48, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageFillToBorder">void gdImageFillToBorder(gdImagePtr im, int x, int y, int border, int color) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageFillToBorder floods a portion of the image with the specified +<code>color</code>, beginning at the specified point and stopping at +the specified <code>border</code> color. For a way of flooding an +area defined by the color of the starting point, see +<A HREF="#gdImageFill">gdImageFill</A>. +<P> +The border color <em>cannot</em> be a special color +such as <A HREF="#gdTiled">gdTiled</A>; it must be a proper +solid color. The fill color can be, however. +<P> +Note that gdImageFillToBorder is recursive. It is not the most +naive implementation possible, and the implementation is +expected to improve, but there will always be degenerate +cases in which the stack can become very deep. This can be +a problem in MSDOS and MS Windows 3.1 environments. (Of course, +in a Unix or Windows 95/98/NT environment with a proper stack, this is +not a problem at all.) +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +int red; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 50); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate the color red. */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* Inscribe an ellipse in the image. */ +gdImageArc(im, 50, 25, 98, 48, 0, 360, white); +/* Flood-fill the ellipse. Fill color is red, border color is + white (ellipse). */ +gdImageFillToBorder(im, 50, 50, white, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageFill">void gdImageFill(gdImagePtr im, int x, int y, int color) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageFill floods a portion of the image with the specified +<code>color</code>, beginning at the specified point and flooding the +surrounding region of the same color as the starting point. +For a way of flooding a region defined by a specific border +color rather than by its interior color, see +<A HREF="#gdImageFillToBorder">gdImageFillToBorder</A>. +<P> +The fill color can be <A HREF="#gdTiled">gdTiled</A>, resulting +in a tile fill using another image as the tile. However, +the tile image cannot be transparent. If the image you wish +to fill with has a transparent color index, call +<A HREF="#gdImageTransparent">gdImageTransparent</A> on the +tile image and set the transparent color index to -1 +to turn off its transparency. +<P> +Note that gdImageFill is recursive. It is not the most +naive implementation possible, and the implementation is +expected to improve, but there will always be degenerate +cases in which the stack can become very deep. This can be +a problem in MSDOS and MS Windows environments. (Of course, +in a Unix or Windows 95/98/NT environment with a proper stack, this is +not a problem at all.) +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +int red; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 50); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Allocate the color red. */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* Inscribe an ellipse in the image. */ +gdImageArc(im, 50, 25, 98, 48, 0, 360, white); +/* Flood-fill the ellipse. Fill color is red, and will replace the + black interior of the ellipse. */ +gdImageFill(im, 50, 50, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetAntiAliased">void gdImageSetAntiAliased(gdImagePtr im, int c)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +"Antialiasing" is a process by which jagged edges associated with line +drawing can be reduced by blending the foreground color with an appropriate +percentage of the background, depending on how much of the pixel in question +is actually within the boundaries of the line being drawn. +All line-drawing functions, +such as <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>, +<A HREF="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>, will draw antialiased lines +if the special "color" <A HREF="#gdAntiAliased"> +gdAntiAliased</A> is used when calling them. +<P> +gdImageSetAntiAliased is used to specify the actual foreground color +to be used when drawing antialiased lines. You may set any color to +be the foreground, however as of version 2.0.12 an alpha channel +component is not supported. +<p> +Antialiased lines can be drawn on both truecolor and palette-based +images. However, attempts to draw antialiased lines on +highly complex palette-based backgrounds may not give satisfactory +results, due to the limited number of colors available in the +palette. Antialiased line-drawing on simple backgrounds should +work well with palette-based images; otherwise create or fetch +a truecolor image instead. +<P> +You need not take any special action when you are finished +with antialised line drawing. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im, brush; +int black; +int blue; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +blue = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 255); +gdImageSetAntiAliased(im, blue); +/* Draw a smooth line from the upper left corner to the + lower right corner. */ +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, <A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdAntiAliased</A>); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +See also <a href="#gdAntiAliased">gdAntiAliased</a> and +<a href="#gdSetAntiAliasedDontBlend">gdSetAntiAliasedDontBlend</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend">void gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend(gdImagePtr im, int c)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Normally, when drawing lines with the special +<a href="#gdAntiAliased">gdAntiAliased</a> "color," blending with the +background to reduce jagged edges is the desired behavior. However, when +it is desired that lines not be blended with one particular color when +it is encountered in the background, the +gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend function can be used to indicate the +special color that the foreground should stand out more clearly against. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im, brush; +int black; +int blue; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +blue = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 255); +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); + +gdImageSetAntiAliased(im, blue); +/* The portion of the line that crosses this white rectangle will + not be blended smoothly */ +gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend(im, white); +gdImageFilledRectangle(im, 25, 25, 75, 75, white); +/* Draw a smooth line from the upper left corner + to the lower right corner. */ +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, <A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdAntiAliased</A>); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +See also <a href="#gdAntiAliased">gdAntiAliased</a> and +<a href="#gdSetAntiAliased">gdSetAntiAliased</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetBrush">void gdImageSetBrush(gdImagePtr im, gdImagePtr brush)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +A "brush" is an image used to draw wide, shaped strokes in another image. Just +as a paintbrush is not a single point, a brush image need not be +a single pixel. <em>Any</em> gd image can be used as a brush, and by +setting the transparent color index of the brush image with +<A HREF="#gdImageColorTransparent">gdImageColorTransparent</A>, +a brush of any shape can be created. All line-drawing functions, +such as <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>, +<A HREF="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A>, will use the +current brush if the special "color" <A HREF="#gdBrushed"> +gdBrushed</A> or <A HREF="#gdStyledBrushed">gdStyledBrushed</A> +is used when calling them. +<P> +gdImageSetBrush is used to specify the brush to be used in a +particular image. You can set any image to be the brush. +If the brush image does not have the same color map as the +first image, any colors missing from the first image +will be allocated. If not enough colors can be allocated, +the closest colors already available will be used. This +allows arbitrary PNGs to be used as brush images. It also +means, however, that you should not set a brush unless you +will actually use it; if you set a rapid succession of +different brush images, you can quickly fill your color map, +and the results will not be optimal. +<P> +You need not take any special action when you are finished +with a brush. As for any other image, if you will not +be using the brush image for any further purpose, +you should call <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>. +You must not use the color <A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdBrushed</A> +if the current brush has been destroyed; you can of +course set a new brush to replace it. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im, brush; +FILE *in; +int black; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Open the brush PNG. For best results, portions of the + brush that should be transparent (ie, not part of the + brush shape) should have the transparent color index. */ +in = fopen("star.png", "rb"); +brush = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +gdImageSetBrush(im, brush); +/* Draw a line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner + using the brush. */ +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, <A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdBrushed</A>); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +/* Destroy the brush image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(brush); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetTile">void gdImageSetTile(gdImagePtr im, gdImagePtr tile)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +A "tile" is an image used to fill an area with a repeated pattern. +<em>Any</em> gd image can be used as a tile, and by +setting the transparent color index of the tile image with +<A HREF="#gdImageColorTransparent">gdImageColorTransparent</A>, +a tile that allows certain parts of the underlying area to shine +through can be created. All region-filling functions, +such as <A HREF="#gdImageFill">gdImageFill</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon">gdImageFilledPolygon</A>, will use the +current tile if the special "color" <A HREF="#gdTiled"> +gdTiled</A> is used when calling them. +<P> +gdImageSetTile is used to specify the tile to be used in a +particular image. You can set any image to be the tile. +If the tile image does not have the same color map as the +first image, any colors missing from the first image +will be allocated. If not enough colors can be allocated, +the closest colors already available will be used. This +allows arbitrary PNGs to be used as tile images. It also +means, however, that you should not set a tile unless you +will actually use it; if you set a rapid succession of +different tile images, you can quickly fill your color map, +and the results will not be optimal. +<P> +You need not take any special action when you are finished +with a tile. As for any other image, if you will not +be using the tile image for any further purpose, +you should call <A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>. +You must not use the color <A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdTiled</A> +if the current tile has been destroyed; you can of +course set a new tile to replace it. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im, tile; +FILE *in; +int black; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Open the tile PNG. For best results, portions of the + tile that should be transparent (ie, allowing the + background to shine through) should have the transparent + color index. */ +in = fopen("star.png", "rb"); +tile = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +gdImageSetTile(im, tile); +/* Fill an area using the tile. */ +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledRectangle">gdImageFilledRectangle</A>(im, 25, 25, 75, 75, <A HREF="#gdTiled">gdTiled</A>); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +/* Destroy the tile image */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(tile); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetStyle">void gdImageSetStyle(gdImagePtr im, int *style, int styleLength)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +It is often desirable to draw dashed lines, dotted lines, and other +variations on a broken line. gdImageSetStyle can be used to set +any desired series of colors, including a special color that +leaves the background intact, to be repeated during the drawing +of a line. +<P> +To use gdImageSetStyle, create an array of integers and assign +them the desired series of color values to be repeated. +You can assign the special color value <A HREF="#gdTransparent"> +gdTransparent</A> to indicate that the existing color should +be left unchanged for that particular pixel (allowing a dashed +line to be attractively drawn over an existing image). +<P> +Then, to draw a line using the style, use the normal +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> function with the +special color value <A HREF="#gdStyled">gdStyled</A>. +<P> +As of <A HREF="#whatsnew1.1.1">version 1.1.1</A>, the style +array is copied when you set the style, so you need not +be concerned with keeping the array around indefinitely. +This should not break existing code that assumes styles +are not copied. +<P> +You can also combine styles and brushes to draw the brush +image at intervals instead of in a continuous stroke. +When creating a style for use with a brush, the +style values are interpreted differently: zero (0) indicates +pixels at which the brush should not be drawn, while one (1) +indicates pixels at which the brush should be drawn. +To draw a styled, brushed line, you must use the +special color value <A HREF="#gdStyledBrushed"> +gdStyledBrushed</A>. For an example of this feature +in use, see gddemo.c (provided in the distribution). +<PRE> +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int styleDotted[2], styleDashed[6]; +FILE *in; +int black; +int red; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* Set up dotted style. Leave every other pixel alone. */ +styleDotted[0] = red; +styleDotted[1] = gdTransparent; +/* Set up dashed style. Three on, three off. */ +styleDashed[0] = red; +styleDashed[1] = red; +styleDashed[2] = red; +styleDashed[3] = gdTransparent; +styleDashed[4] = gdTransparent; +styleDashed[5] = gdTransparent; +/* Set dotted style. Note that we have to specify how many pixels are + in the style! */ +gdImageSetStyle(im, styleDotted, 2); +/* Draw a line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. */ +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, <A HREF="#gdStyled">gdStyled</A>); +/* Now the dashed line. */ +gdImageSetStyle(im, styleDashed, 6); +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A>(im, 0, 99, 0, 99, <A HREF="#gdStyled">gdStyled</A>); + +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file ... */ + +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetThickness">void gdImageSetThickness(gdImagePtr im, int thickness)</A> <STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD>gdImageSetThickness determines the width of lines drawn by the +<a href="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</a>, <a href="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</a>, <a href="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</a> +and related functions, in pixels. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Set thickness. */ +gdImageSetThickness(im, 4); +/* Draw a fat line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. */ +gdImageLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageAlphaBlending">void gdImageAlphaBlending(gdImagePtr im, int blending)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +The <a href="#gdImageAlphaBlending">gdImageAlphaBlending</a> +function allows for two different modes of drawing on truecolor +images. In blending mode, which is <strong>on by default (gd 2.0.2 +and above)</strong>, the alpha channel component of the color +supplied to all drawing functions, such as +<a href="#gdImageSetPixel">gdImageSetPixel</a>, determines how much of +the underlying color should be allowed to shine through. As a result, +gd automatically blends the existing color at that point with the +drawing color, and stores the result in the image. The resulting pixel +is opaque. In non-blending mode, the drawing color is copied literally +with its alpha channel information, replacing the destination pixel. +Blending mode is not available when drawing on palette images. +<PRE> +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int red, blue; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreateTrueColor</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color */ +red = <A HREF="#gdTrueColor">gdTrueColor</A>(255, 0, 0); +gdImageFilledRectangle(im, 0, 0, 100, 100, red); +/* Drawing color. Full transparency would be an alpha channel value + of 127 (gd has a 7 bit alpha chnanel). 0 is opaque, + 127 is transparent. So cut gdAlphaTransparent in half to get + 50% blending. */ +blue = <A HREF="#gdTrueColor">gdTrueColorAlpha</A>(0, 0, 255, gdAlphaTransparent / 2); +/* Draw with blending. Result will be 50% red, 50% blue: yellow + (emitted light, remember, not reflected light. What you learned + in Kindergarten is wrong here). */ +gdImageAlphaBlending(im, 1); +<a href="#gdImageFilledRectangle">gdImageFilledRectangle</a>(im, 0, 0, 25, 25, blue); +/* Draw without blending. Result will be 50% blue, 50% + the background color of the image viewer or web browser + used; results in browsers that don't support + semi-transparent pixels are unpredictable! */ +gdImageAlphaBlending(im, 0); +<a href="#gdImageFilledRectangle">gdImageFilledRectangle</a>(im, 75, 75, 25, 25, blue); +/* Write the image to disk, etc. */ +</pre> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSaveAlpha"> +void gdImageSaveAlpha(gdImagePtr im, int saveFlag)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +By default, gd 2.0.2 and above do not attempt to save full alpha channel information +(as opposed to single-color transparency) when saving PNG images. (PNG +is currently the only output format supported by gd which can accommodate +alpa channel information.) This saves space in the output file. If you wish +to create an image with alpha channel information for use with tools that +support it, call gdImageSaveAlpha(im, 1) to turn on saving of such +information, and call <a href="#gdImageAlphaBlending">gdImageAlphaBlending(im, 0)</a> +to turn off alpha blending within the library so that alpha channel +information is actually stored in the image rather than being composited +immediately at the time that drawing functions are invoked. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSetClip"> +void gdImageSetClip(gdImagePtr im, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Establishes a clipping rectangle. Once gdImageSetClip has been called, +all future drawing operations will remain within the specified clipping +area, until a new gdImageSetClip call takes place. For instance, +if a clipping rectangle of 25, 25, 75, 75 has been set within a +100x100 image, a diagonal line from 0,0 to 99,99 will appear only +between 25,25 and 75,75. +<p> +If gdImageSetClip is never called, the clipping area will be the +entire image. +<p> +The parameters passed to gdImageSetClip are checked against the dimensions +of the image and limited to "safe" values. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Set the clipping rectangle. */ +gdImageSetClip(im, 25, 25, 75, 75); +/* Draw a line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. + Only the part within the clipping rectangle will appear. */ +<a href="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</a>(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file ... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +See also <a href="#gdImageGetClip">gdImageGetClip</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGetClip"> +void gdImageGetClip(gdImagePtr im, int *x1P, int *y1P, int *x2P, int *y2P)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Fetches the boundaries of the current clipping rectangle. +<pre> +... Inside a function ... +gdImagePtr im = <a href="#gdImageCreateTrueColor">gdImageCreateTrueColor</a>(100, 100); +int x1, y1, x2, y2; +gdImageSetClip(im, 25, 25, 75, 75); +gdImageGetClip(im, &x1, &y1, &x2, &y2); +printf("%d %d %d %d\n", x1, y1, x2, y2); +</pre> +The above code would print: +<pre> +25 25 75 75 +</pre> +See also <a href="#gdImageSetClip">gdImageSetClip</a>. +</DL> +<H3><A NAME="query">Query Functions</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageBlue"> +int gdImageAlpha(gdImagePtr im, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageAlpha is a macro which returns the alpha channel component of +the specified color index. Alpha channel values vary between +0 (gdAlphaOpaque), which does not blend at all with the background, +through 127 (gdAlphaTransparent), which allows the background to +shine through 100%. Use this macro rather than accessing the +structure members directly. +int gdImageBlue(gdImagePtr im, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageBlue is a macro which returns the blue component of +the specified color index. Use this macro rather than accessing the +structure members directly. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGetPixel">int gdImageGetPixel(gdImagePtr im, int x, int y)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGetPixel() retrieves the color index of a particular +pixel. Always use this function to query pixels; +do not access the pixels of the <A HREF="#gdImage">gdImage</A> structure +directly. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +FILE *in; +gdImagePtr im; +int c; +in = fopen("mypng.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +c = gdImageGetPixel(im, gdImageSX(im) / 2, gdImageSY(im) / 2); +printf("The value of the center pixel is %d; RGB values are %d,%d,%d\n", + c, im->red[c], im->green[c], im->blue[c]); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageBoundsSafe"> +int gdImageBoundsSafe(gdImagePtr im, int x, int y)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageBoundsSafe returns true (1) if the specified point is within the +current clipping rectangle, false (0) if not. The clipping rectangle is +set by <a href="#gdImageSetClip">gdImageSetClip</a> and defaults +to the entire image. This function is intended primarily for +use by those who wish to add functions to gd. All of the gd drawing +functions already clip safely using this function or its macro +equivalent in gd.c, gdImageBoundsSafeMacro. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +if (gdImageBoundsSafe(im, 50, 50)) { + printf("50, 50 is within the image bounds\n"); +} else { + printf("50, 50 is outside the image bounds\n"); +} +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGreen"> +int gdImageGreen(gdImagePtr im, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGreen is a macro which returns the green component of +the specified color index. Use this macro rather than accessing the +structure members directly. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageRed"> +int gdImageRed(gdImagePtr im, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageRed is a macro which returns the red component of +the specified color index. Use this macro rather than accessing the +structure members directly. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSX"> +int gdImageSX(gdImagePtr im)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageSX is a macro which returns the width of the image +in pixels. Use this macro rather than accessing the +structure members directly. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSY"> +int gdImageSY(gdImagePtr im)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageSY is a macro which returns the height of the image +in pixels. Use this macro rather than accessing the +structure members directly. +</DL> +<H3><A NAME="fonts">Fonts and text-handling functions</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdFontGetSmall"> +gdFontPtr gdFontGetSmall(void)</a> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Returns a font pointer for the "small" gd font. Your code must +include the header file <code>gdfonts.h</code> before +calling this function. Under Windows, due to the nature of DLLs, +the use of this function is strongly recommended rather than attempting +to use the <code>gdFontSmall</code> pointer directly. (You may +safely assign the result to a local <code>gdFontPtr</code> variable +in your own code.) +<p> +See <a href="#gdImageString">gdImageString</a> for more information +and examples, or <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> for a +freetype-based alternative that supports truetype fonts. +<DT><A NAME="gdFontGetLarge"> +gdFontPtr gdFontGetLarge(void)</a> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Returns a font pointer for the "large" gd font. Your code must +include the header file <code>gdfontl.h</code> before +calling this function. Under Windows, due to the nature of DLLs, +the use of this function is strongly recommended rather than attempting +to use the <code>gdFontLarge</code> pointer directly. (You may +safely assign the result to a local <code>gdFontPtr</code> variable +in your own code.) +<p> +See <a href="#gdImageString">gdImageString</a> for more information +and examples, or <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> for a +freetype-based alternative that supports truetype fonts. +<DT><A NAME="gdFontGetMediumBold"> +gdFontPtr gdFontGetMediumBold(void)</a> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Returns a font pointer for the "medium bold" gd font. Your code must +include the header file <code>gdfontmb.h</code> before +calling this function. Under Windows, due to the nature of DLLs, +the use of this function is strongly recommended rather than attempting +to use the <code>gdFontMediumBold</code> pointer directly. (You may +safely assign the result to a local <code>gdFontPtr</code> variable +in your own code.) +<p> +See <a href="#gdImageString">gdImageString</a> for more information +and examples, or <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> for a +freetype-based alternative that supports truetype fonts. +<DT><A NAME="gdFontGetGiant"> +gdFontPtr gdFontGetGiant(void)</a> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Returns a font pointer for the "giant" gd font. Your code must +include the header file <code>gdfontg.h</code> before +calling this function. Under Windows, due to the nature of DLLs, +the use of this function is strongly recommended rather than attempting +to use the <code>gdFontGiant</code> pointer directly. (You may +safely assign the result to a local <code>gdFontPtr</code> variable +in your own code.) +<p> +See <a href="#gdImageString">gdImageString</a> for more information +and examples, or <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> for a +freetype-based alternative that supports truetype fonts. +<DT><A NAME="gdFontGetTiny"> +gdFontPtr gdFontGetTiny(void)</a> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Returns a font pointer for the "tiny" gd font. Your code must +include the header file <code>gdfontt.h</code> before +calling this function. Under Windows, due to the nature of DLLs, +the use of this function is strongly recommended rather than attempting +to use the <code>gdFontTiny</code> pointer directly. (You may +safely assign the result to a local <code>gdFontPtr</code> variable +in your own code.) +<p> +See <a href="#gdImageString">gdImageString</a> for more information +and examples, or <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> for a +freetype-based alternative that supports truetype fonts. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageChar"> +void gdImageChar(gdImagePtr im, gdFontPtr font, int x, int y, + int c, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageChar is used to draw single characters on the image. +(To draw multiple characters, use <A HREF="#gdImageString"> +gdImageString</A> or <A HREF="#gdImageString16"> +gdImageString16</A>. +See also <A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A> for a high quality +solution.) +The second argument is a pointer to a font definition structure; five fonts are +provided with gd, gdFontTiny, gdFontSmall, gdFontMediumBold, +gdFontLarge, and gdFontGiant. +<p> +You must include the files "gdfontt.h", "gdfonts.h", "gdfontmb.h", +"gdfontl.h" and "gdfontg.h" respectively +and (if you are not using a library-based approach) link with the +corresponding .c files to use the provided fonts. +<p> +<blockquote> +<b>Windows DLL users:</b> although you can use +these DLL-exported pointers directly, you cannot easily assign them to other +pointers. This will cause hard-to-debug problems. To avoid such troubles, you +should call the functions gdFontGetTiny(), gdFontGetSmall(), +gdFontGetMediumBold(), gdFontGetLarge(), and gdFontGetGiant() in order to +obtain pointers to the fonts under Windows. +</blockquote> +<p> +The character specified by the fifth +argument is drawn from left to right in the specified +color. (See <A HREF="#gdImageCharUp">gdImageCharUp</A> for a way +of drawing vertical text.) Pixels not +set by a particular character retain their previous color. +<PRE> +#include "gd.h" +#include "gdfontl.h" +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a character. */ +gdImageChar(im, gdFontGetLarge(), 0, 0, 'Q', white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCharUp"> +void gdImageCharUp(gdImagePtr im, gdFontPtr font, int x, int y, +int c, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCharUp is used to draw single characters on the image, +rotated 90 degrees. +(To draw multiple characters, use <A HREF="#gdImageStringUp"> +gdImageStringUp</A> or <A HREF="#gdImageStringUp16"> +gdImageStringUp16</A>.) The second argument is a +pointer to a font definition structure; five fonts are +provided with gd, gdFontTiny, gdFontSmall, gdFontMediumBold, +gdFontLarge, and gdFontGiant. You must +include the files "gdfontt.h", "gdfonts.h", "gdfontmb.h", +"gdfontl.h" and "gdfontg.h" respectively +and (if you are not using a library-based approach) link with the +corresponding .c files to use the provided fonts. +<p> +<blockquote> +<b>Windows DLL users:</b> although you can use +these DLL-exported pointers directly, you cannot easily assign them to other +pointers. This will cause hard-to-debug problems. To avoid such troubles, you +should call the functions gdFontGetTiny(), gdFontGetSmall(), +gdFontGetMediumBold(), gdFontGetLarge(), and gdFontGetGiant() in order to +obtain pointers to the fonts under Windows. +</blockquote> +<p> +The character specified by +the fifth argument is drawn +from bottom to top, rotated at a 90-degree angle, in the specified +color. (See <A HREF="#gdImageChar">gdImageChar</A> for a way +of drawing horizontal text.) Pixels not +set by a particular character retain their previous color. +<PRE> +#include "gd.h" +#include "gdfontl.h" +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a character upwards so it rests against the top of the image. */ +gdImageCharUp(im, gdFontGetLarge(), + 0, gdFontGetLarge()->h, 'Q', white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageString"> +void gdImageString(gdImagePtr im, gdFontPtr font, int x, int y, +unsigned char *s, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageString is used to draw multiple characters on the image. +(To draw single characters, use <A HREF="#gdImageChar"> +gdImageChar</A>.) The second argument is a +pointer to a font definition structure; five fonts are +provided with gd, gdFontTiny, gdFontSmall, gdFontMediumBold, +gdFontLarge, and gdFontGiant. You must +include the files "gdfontt.h", "gdfonts.h", "gdfontmb.h", +"gdfontl.h" and "gdfontg.h" respectively +and (if you are not using a library-based approach) link with the +corresponding .c files to use the provided fonts. +<p> +<blockquote> +<b>Windows DLL users:</b> although you can use +these DLL-exported pointers directly, you cannot easily assign them to other +pointers. This will cause hard-to-debug problems. To avoid such troubles, you +should call the functions gdFontGetTiny(), gdFontGetSmall(), +gdFontGetMediumBold(), gdFontGetLarge(), and gdFontGetGiant() in order to +obtain pointers to the fonts under Windows. +</blockquote> +The null-terminated C string specified +by the fifth argument is drawn from left to right in the specified +color. (See <A HREF="#gdImageStringUp">gdImageStringUp</A> for a way +of drawing vertical text. +See also <A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A> for a high +quality solution.) +Pixels not set by a particular character retain their previous color. +<PRE> +#include "gd.h" +#include "gdfontl.h" +#include <string.h> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +/* String to draw. */ +char *s = "Hello."; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a centered string. */ +gdImageString(im, gdFontGetLarge(), + im->sx / 2 - (strlen(s) * gdFontGetLarge()->w / 2), + im->sy / 2 - gdFontGetLarge()->h / 2, + s, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageString16"> +void gdImageString16(gdImagePtr im, gdFontPtr font, int x, int y, +unsigned short *s, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageString16 is used to draw multiple 16-bit characters on the image. +(To draw single characters, use <A HREF="#gdImageChar"> +gdImageChar16</A>.) The second argument is a +pointer to a font definition structure; no 16-bit fonts are +provided with gd as standard equipment and there does not seem to be +much momentum to create them although the bdftogd script can do so. The +preferred solution is <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a>, which +uses freetype to provide truetype font support. +<p> +<blockquote> +<b>Windows DLL users:</b> although you can use +these DLL-exported pointers directly, you cannot easily assign them to other +pointers. This will cause hard-to-debug problems. To avoid such troubles, you +should call the functions gdFontGetTiny(), gdFontGetSmall(), +gdFontGetMediumBold(), gdFontGetLarge(), and gdFontGetGiant() in order to +obtain pointers to the fonts under Windows. +</blockquote> +The null-terminated string of characters represented as 16-bit unsigned +short integers specified by the fifth argument is drawn from left to right +in the specified +color. (See <A HREF="#gdImageStringUp16">gdImageStringUp16</A> for a way +of drawing vertical text.) Pixels not +set by a particular character retain their previous color. +<p> +This function was added in gd1.3 to provide a means of rendering +fonts with more than 256 characters for those who have them. A +more frequently used routine is <a href="#gdImageString">gdImageString</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageStringUp"> +void gdImageStringUp(gdImagePtr im, gdFontPtr font, int x, int y, +unsigned char *s, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageStringUp is used to draw multiple characters on the image, +rotated 90 degrees. +(To draw single characters, use <A HREF="#gdImageCharUp"> +gdImageCharUp</A>.) The second argument is a +pointer to a font definition structure; five fonts are +provided with gd, gdFontTiny, gdFontSmall, gdFontMediumBold, +gdFontLarge, and gdFontGiant. You must +include the files "gdfontt.h", "gdfonts.h", "gdfontmb.h", +"gdfontl.h" and "gdfontg.h" respectively +and (if you are not using a library-based approach) link with the +corresponding .c files to use the provided fonts. +<blockquote> +<b>Windows DLL users:</b> although you can use +these DLL-exported pointers directly, you cannot easily assign them to other +pointers. This will cause hard-to-debug problems. To avoid such troubles, you +should call the functions gdFontGetTiny(), gdFontGetSmall(), +gdFontGetMediumBold(), gdFontGetLarge(), and gdFontGetGiant() in order to +obtain pointers to the fonts under Windows. +</blockquote> + +The null-terminated C string specified +by the fifth argument is drawn from bottom to top (rotated +90 degrees) in the specified color. (See +<A HREF="#gdImageString">gdImageString</A> for a way +of drawing horizontal text.) Pixels not +set by a particular character retain their previous color. +<PRE> +#include "gd.h" +#include "gdfontl.h" +#include <string.h> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +/* String to draw. */ +char *s = "Hello."; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color white (red, green and blue all maximum). */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +/* Draw a centered string going upwards. Axes are reversed, + and Y axis is decreasing as the string is drawn. */ +gdImageStringUp(im, gdFontGetLarge(), + im->w / 2 - gdFontGetLarge()->h / 2, + im->h / 2 + (strlen(s) * gdFontGetLarge()->w / 2), + s, white); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageStringUp16"> +void gdImageStringUp16(gdImagePtr im, gdFontPtr font, int x, int y, +unsigned short *s, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageString is used to draw multiple 16-bit characters vertically on +the image. (To draw single characters, use <A HREF="#gdImageChar"> +gdImageChar</A>.) The second argument is a +pointer to a font definition structure; five fonts are +provided with gd, gdFontTiny, gdFontSmall, gdFontMediumBold, +gdFontLarge, and gdFontGiant. You must +include the files "gdfontt.h", "gdfonts.h", "gdfontmb.h", +"gdfontl.h" and "gdfontg.h" respectively +and (if you are not using a library-based approach) link with the +corresponding .c files to use the provided fonts. +<blockquote> +<b>Windows DLL users:</b> although you can use +these DLL-exported pointers directly, you cannot easily assign them to other +pointers. This will cause hard-to-debug problems. To avoid such troubles, you +should call the functions gdFontGetTiny(), gdFontGetSmall(), +gdFontGetMediumBold(), gdFontGetLarge(), and gdFontGetGiant() in order to +obtain pointers to the fonts under Windows. +</blockquote> +The null-terminated string of characters represented as 16-bit unsigned +short integers specified by the fifth argument is drawn from bottom to top +in the specified color. +(See <A HREF="#gdImageStringUp16">gdImageStringUp16</A> for a way +of drawing horizontal text.) Pixels not +set by a particular character retain their previous color. +<p> +This function was added in gd1.3 to provide a means of rendering +fonts with more than 256 characters for those who have them. A +more frequently used routine is <a href="#gdImageStringUp">gdImageStringUp</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdFTUseFontConfig">int gdFTUseFontConfig(int flag)</a> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +GD 2.0.29 introduced the ability to use +<a href="http://freedesktop.org/software/fontconfig">fontconfig patterns</a> +rather than font file names as parameters to +<a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a>, +<a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> and +<a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTCircle</a>. +For backwards compatibility reasons, the fontlist parameter to those +functions is still expected to be a full or partial font file path name +or list thereof by default. However, as a convenience, a single call +to gdFTUseFontConfig with a nonzero parameter configures gd to expect +the fontlist parameter to be a fontconfig pattern. Regardless of whether +the flag argument is nonzero, this function returns true when the +fontconfig library is available and false when it is not. When fontconfig +is not available, the fontlist parameter always behaves as in previous +versions of GD. +<pre> +#include "gd.h" +#include <string.h> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +int brect[8]; +int x, y; +char *err; + +char *s = "Hello."; /* String to draw. */ +double sz = 40.; +char *fc = "times:bold:italic"; /* fontconfig pattern */ + +/* Signal that all freetype font calls in this program will receive + fontconfig patterns rather than filenames of font files */ +gdUseFontConfig(1); + +/* obtain brect so that we can size the image */ +err = <A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A>(NULL,&brect[0],0,fc,sz,0.,0,0,s); +if (err) {fprintf(stderr,err); return 1;} + +/* create an image big enough for the string plus a little whitespace */ +x = brect[2]-brect[6] + 6; +y = brect[3]-brect[7] + 6; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(x,y); + +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); + +/* render the string, offset origin to center string*/ +/* note that we use top-left coordinate for adjustment + * since gd origin is in top-left with y increasing downwards. */ +x = 3 - brect[6]; +y = 3 - brect[7]; +err = <A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A>(im,&brect[0],black,fc,sz,0.0,x,y,s); +if (err) {fprintf(stderr,err); return 1;} +</pre> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageStringFT"> +char *gdImageStringFT(gdImagePtr im, int *brect, + int fg, char *fontname, double ptsize, double angle, + int x, int y, char *string)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +<strong>RECOMMENDED. New in 1.8.4.</strong> gdImageStringFT draws text using the +FreeType 2.x library. +<p> +gdImageStringFT draws a string of anti-aliased characters on the image using +the <A HREF=http://www.freetype.org/>FreeType</A> +library to render user-supplied TrueType fonts. <strong>We do not provide +TrueType fonts (.ttf and .ttc files). Obtaining them is entirely up to +you.</strong> The string is anti-aliased, meaning that there should be +fewer "jaggies" visible. The fontname is the full pathname to a TrueType +font file, or a font face name if the GDFONTPATH environment variable +or the compiled-in DEFAULT_FONTPATH macro of gdft.c have been set intelligently. In the absence of a full path, the font face name may be presented with or without extension (2.0.26). +<p> +The null-terminated <b>string</b> argument is considered to be encoded via the UTF_8 +standard; also, HTML entities are supported, including decimal, +hexadecimal, and named entities (2.0.26). Those who are passing +ordinary ASCII strings may have difficulty with the & +character unless encoded correctly as & but should have no +other difficulties. +<p> +The string may be arbitrarily scaled (ptsize) and rotated (angle in radians). +The direction of rotation is counter-clockwise, with 0 radians (0 degrees) +at 3 o'clock and PI/2 radians (90 degrees) at 12 o'clock. + +<p> +The user-supplied int brect[8] array is filled on return from gdImageStringFT +with the 8 elements representing the 4 corner coordinates of the +bounding rectangle (the smallest rectangle that completely surrounds the +rendered string and does not intersect any pixel of the rendered string). + +<TABLE BORDER="1"> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">0</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +lower left corner, X position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">1</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +lower left corner, Y position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">2</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +lower right corner, X position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">3</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +lower right corner, Y position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">4</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +upper right corner, X position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">5</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +upper right corner, Y position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">6</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +upper left corner, X position</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">7</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +upper left corner, Y position</TD></TR> +</TABLE> +<p> +The points are relative to the text regardless of the angle, so "upper left" +means in the top left-hand corner seeing the text horizontally. +<p> +Use a NULL gdImagePtr to get the bounding rectangle without rendering. +This is a relatively cheap operation if followed by a rendering of the same +string, because of the caching of the partial rendering during bounding +rectangle calculation. +<p> +The string is rendered in the color indicated by the gf color index. +<strong>Use the negative of the desired color index to +disable anti-aliasing.</strong> +<p> +The string may contain UTF-8 sequences like: "&#192;" +<p> +gdImageStringFT will return a null char* on success, or an error +string on failure. +<PRE> +#include "gd.h" +#include <string.h> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int white; +int brect[8]; +int x, y; +char *err; + +char *s = "Hello."; /* String to draw. */ +double sz = 40.; +char *f = "/usr/local/share/ttf/Times.ttf"; /* User supplied font */ + +/* obtain brect so that we can size the image */ +err = <A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A>(NULL,&brect[0],0,f,sz,0.,0,0,s); +if (err) {fprintf(stderr,err); return 1;} + +/* create an image big enough for the string plus a little whitespace */ +x = brect[2]-brect[6] + 6; +y = brect[3]-brect[7] + 6; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(x,y); + +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +white = <A HREF="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</A>(im, 255, 255, 255); +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); + +/* render the string, offset origin to center string*/ +/* note that we use top-left coordinate for adjustment + * since gd origin is in top-left with y increasing downwards. */ +x = 3 - brect[6]; +y = 3 - brect[7]; +err = <A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A>(im,&brect[0],black,f,sz,0.0,x,y,s); +if (err) {fprintf(stderr,err); return 1;} + +/* Write img to stdout */ +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im, stdout); + +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +See also <a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageStringFTEx"> +char *gdImageStringFTEx(gdImagePtr im, int *brect, + int fg, char *fontname, double ptsize, double angle, + int x, int y, char *string, gdFTStringExtraPtr strex)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +<strong>New in 2.0.5,</strong> also found in common third-party versions +of gd. gdImageStringFTEx extends the capabilities of +<a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> by providing a +way to pass additional parameters. +<p> +If the <code>strex</code> parameter is not null, it must point to a +<code>gdFTStringExtra</code> structure. As of gd 2.0.5, this structure +is defined as follows: +<pre> +typedef struct { + /* logical OR of gdFTEX_ values */ + int flags; + /* fine tune line spacing for '\n' */ + double linespacing; + /* Preferred character mapping */ + int charmap; + /* Rendering resolution */ + int hdpi; + int vdpi; + char *xshow; + char *fontpath; +} gdFTStringExtra, *gdFTStringExtraPtr; +</pre> +To output multiline text with a specific line spacing, +include <code>gdFTEX_LINESPACE</code> in the setting of +<code>flags</code>: +<pre> +flags |= gdFTEX_LINESPACE; +</pre> +And also set <code>linespacing</code> to the desired spacing, expressed as a +multiple of the font height. Thus a line spacing of 1.0 is the +minimum to guarantee that lines of text do not collide. +<p> +If <code>gdFTEX_LINESPACE</code> is not present, or +<code>strex</code> is null, or <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> +is called, <code>linespacing</code> defaults to 1.05. +<p> +To specify a preference for Unicode, Shift_JIS Big5 character encoding, +set or To output multiline text with a specific line spacing, +include <code>gdFTEX_CHARMAP</code> in the setting of +<code>flags</code>: +<pre> +flags |= gdFTEX_CHARMAP; +</pre> +And set <code>charmap</code> to the desired value, which can be +any of gdFTEX_Unicode, gdFTEX_Shift_JIS, gdFTEX_Big5, or gdFTEX_Adobe_Custom. +If you do not specify a preference, Unicode will be tried first. If the preferred +character mapping is not found in the font, other character mappings +are attempted. +<p> +GD operates on the assumption that the output image will be +rendered to a computer screen. By default, gd passes a +resolution of 96 dpi to the freetype text rendering engine. +This influences the "hinting" decisions made by the renderer. To +specify a different resolution, set hdpi and vdpi accordingly +(in dots per inch) and add <code>gdFTEX_RESOLUTION</code> to <code>flags</code>: +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_RESOLUTION; +</pre> +GD 2.0.29 and later will normally attempt to apply kerning tables, if +fontconfig is available, to adjust the relative positions of consecutive +characters more ideally for that pair of characters. This can be turn off by +specifying the gdFTEX_DISABLE_KERNING flag: +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_DISABLE_KERNING; +</pre> +GD 2.0.29 and later can return a vector of individual character +position advances, occasionally useful in applications that must know +exactly where each character begins. This is returned in the xshow +element of the gdFTStringExtra structure if the gdFTEX_XSHOW +flag is set: +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_XSHOW; +</pre> +<b>The caller is responsible for calling gdFree() on the xshow +element after the call</b> if gdFTEX_XSHOW is set. +<p> +GD 2.0.29 and later can also return the path to the actual font file +used if the gdFTEX_RETURNFONTPATHNAME flag is set. This is useful because +GD 2.0.29 and above are capable of +selecting a font automatically based on a fontconfig font pattern +when fontconfig is available. This information is returned in the +fontpath element of the gdFTStringExtra structure. +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_RETURNFONTPATHNAME; +</pre> +<b>The caller is responsible for calling gdFree() on the fontpath +element after the call</b> if gdFTEX_RETURNFONTPATHNAME is set. +<p> +GD 2.0.29 and later can use fontconfig to resolve +font names, including fontconfig patterns, if the gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG +flag is set. As a convenience, this behavior can be made the default +by calling <a href="#gdFTUseFontConfig">gdFTUseFontConfig</a> with +a nonzero value. In that situation it is not necessary to set the +gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG flag on every call; however explicit font path names +can still be used if the gdFTEX_FONTPATHNAME flag is set: +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_FONTPATHNAME; +</pre> +<p> +Unless <a href="#gdFTUseFontConfig">gdFTUseFontConfig</a> has been +called with a nonzero value, GD 2.0.29 and later will still expect +the fontlist argument to the freetype text output functions to be +a font file name or list thereof as in previous versions. If you do +not wish to make fontconfig the default, it is +still possible to force the use of fontconfig for a single call to +the freetype text output functions by setting the gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG +flag: +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG; +</pre> +GD 2.0.29 and above can use fontconfig to resolve +font names, including fontconfig patterns, if the gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG +flag is set. As a convenience, this behavior can be made the default +by calling <a href="#gdFTUseFontConfig">gdFTUseFontConfig</a> with +a nonzero value. In that situation it is not necessary to set the +gdFTEX_FONTCONFIG flag on every call; however explicit font path names +can still be used if the gdFTEX_FONTPATHNAME flag is set: +<pre> +flags | gdFTEX_FONTPATHNAME; +</pre> +For more information, see <a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageStringFTCircle"> +char *gdImageStringFTCircle(gdImagePtr im, + int cx, + int cy, + double radius, + double textRadius, + double fillPortion, + char *font, + double points, + char *top, + char *bottom, + int fgcolor)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Draws the text strings specified by <code>top</code> and <code>bottom</code> +on <code>im</code>, curved along the edge of a circle of radius +<code>radius</code>, with its center at <code>cx</code> and <code>cy</code>. +<code>top</code> is written clockwise +along the top; <code>bottom</code> is written counterclockwise +along the bottom. <code>textRadius</code> determines the "height" +of each character; if <code>textRadius</code> is 1/2 of +<code>radius</code>, +characters extend halfway from the edge to the center. +<code>fillPortion</code> varies from 0 to 1.0, with useful values +from about 0.4 to 0.9, and determines how much of the +180 degrees of arc assigned to each section of text +is actually occupied by text; 0.9 looks better than +1.0 which is rather crowded. <code>font</code> is a freetype +font; see gdImageStringFT. <code>points</code> is passed to the +freetype engine and has an effect on hinting; although +the size of the text is determined by <code>radius</code>, +<code>textRadius</code>, and <code>fillPortion</code>, you should +pass a point size that +"hints" appropriately -- if you know the text will be +large, pass a large point size such as 24.0 to get the +best results. <code>fgcolor</code> can be any color, and may have +an alpha component, do blending, etc. +<p> +Returns 0 on success, or an error string otherwise. +<pre> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <gd.h> + +int main (int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + FILE *in; + FILE *out; + gdImagePtr im; + int radius; + /* Create an image of text on a circle, with an + alpha channel so that we can copy it onto a + background */ + in = fopen("mypicture.jpg", "rb"); + if (!in) { + im = gdImageCreateTrueColor(300, 300); + } else { + im = gdImageCreateFromJpeg(in); + fclose(in); + } + if (gdImageSX(im) < gdImageSY(im)) { + radius = gdImageSX(im) / 2; + } else { + radius = gdImageSY(im) / 2; + } + gdStringFTCircle( + im, + gdImageSX(im) / 2, + gdImageSY(im) / 2, + radius, + radius / 2, + 0.8, + "arial", + 24, + "top text", + "bottom text", + gdTrueColorAlpha(240, 240, 255, 32)); + out = fopen("gdfx.png", "wb"); + if (!out) { + fprintf(stderr, "Can't create gdfx.png\n"); + return 1; + } + gdImagePng(im, out); + fclose(out); + gdImageDestroy(im); + return 0; +} +</pre> + +<p> +For more information, see <a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a> +and <a href="#gdImageSquareToCircle">gdImageSquareToCircle</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageStringTTF"> +char *gdImageStringTTF(gdImagePtr im, int *brect, + int fg, char *fontname, double ptsize, double angle, + int x, int y, char *string)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +<strong>DEPRECATED.</strong> This function simply invokes +<a href="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</a> for backwards +compatibility with old code that was written with FreeType 1.x. +<DT><A NAME="gdFontCacheSetup"> +int gdFontCacheSetup(void)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +This function initializes the font cache for freetype text output +functions such as <a href="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</a>. +If this function is not called by the programmer, it is invoked +automatically on the first truetype text output call, which is +perfectly safe <b>unless</b> the application is multithreaded. +Multithreaded applications should directly invoke this function before +allowing any thread to use freetype text output. Returns 0 on success, +nonzero if the freetype library fails to initialize. +<DT><A NAME="gdFontCacheShutdown"> +void gdFontCacheShutdown(void)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +This function releases the memory used by the freetype font cache +and the text output mutex. Applications that use gd for their +entire lifetime, then exit, need not call this function. +</DL> +<H3><A NAME="colors">Color-handling functions</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorAllocate"> +int gdImageColorAllocate(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorAllocate finds the first available color index in +the image specified, sets its RGB values to those requested +(255 is the maximum for each), +and returns the index of the new color table entry, or an RGBA +value in the case of a truecolor image; in either case you can +then use the returned value as a parameter to drawing functions. When +creating a new palette-based image, the first time you invoke this function, +you are setting the background color for that image. +<P> +In the event that all <A HREF="#gdMaxColors">gdMaxColors</A> colors +(256) have already been allocated, gdImageColorAllocate will +return -1 to indicate failure. (This is not uncommon when +working with existing PNG files that already use 256 colors.) +Note that gdImageColorAllocate +does not check for existing colors that match your request; +see <A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A>, +<A HREF="#gdImageColorClosest">gdImageColorClosest</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImageColorClosestHWB">gdImageColorClosestHWB</A> +for ways to locate existing colors that approximate the +color desired in situations where a new color is not available. +Also see <A HREF="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</A>, +new in gd-1.6.2. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int red; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color red. */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner + to the lower right corner. */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as saving + it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorAllocateAlpha"> +int gdImageColorAllocateAlpha(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b, int a)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorAllocateAlpha finds the first available color index in +the image specified, sets its RGBA values to those requested +(255 is the maximum for red, green and blue, and 127 represents +full transparency for alpha), +and returns the index of the new color table entry, or an RGBA +value in the case of a truecolor image; in either case you can +then use the returned value as a parameter to drawing functions. When +creating a new palette-based image, the first time you invoke this function, +you are setting the background color for that image. +<P> +In the event that all <A HREF="#gdMaxColors">gdMaxColors</A> colors +(256) have already been allocated, gdImageColorAllocate will +return -1 to indicate failure. (This is not uncommon when +working with existing palette-based PNG files that already use 256 colors.) +Note that gdImageColorAllocateAlpha +does not check for existing colors that match your request; +see <A HREF="#gdImageColorExactAlpha">gdImageColorExactAlpha</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImageColorClosestAlpha">gdImageColorClosestAlpha</A> +for ways to locate existing colors that approximate the +color desired in situations where a new color is not available. +Also see <A HREF="#gdImageColorResolveAlpha">gdImageColorResolveAlpha</A>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +int red; +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(100, 100); +/* Background color (first allocated) */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* Allocate the color red, 50% transparent. */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocateAlpha">gdImageColorAllocateAlpha</A>(im, 255, 0, 0, 64); +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorClosest"> +int gdImageColorClosest(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorClosest searches the colors which have been +defined thus far in the image specified and returns the +index of the color with RGB values closest to those of the +request. (Closeness is determined by Euclidian distance, +which is used to determine the distance in three-dimensional color +space between colors.) +<P> +If no colors have yet been allocated in the image, +gdImageColorClosest returns -1. +<p> +When applied to a truecolor image, this function always +succeeds in returning the desired color. +<P> +This function is most useful as a backup method for choosing +a drawing color when an image already contains +<A HREF="#gdMaxColors">gdMaxColors</A> (256) colors and +no more can be allocated. (This is not uncommon when +working with existing PNG files that already use many colors.) +See <A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A> +for a method of locating exact matches only. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +int red; +/* Let's suppose that photo.png is a scanned photograph with + many colors. */ +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Try to allocate red directly */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* If we fail to allocate red... */ +if (red == (-1)) { + /* Find the <em>closest</em> color instead. */ + red = gdImageColorClosest(im, 255, 0, 0); +} +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorClosestAlpha"> +int gdImageColorClosestAlpha(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b, int a)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorClosest searches the colors which have been +defined thus far in the image specified and returns the +index of the color with RGBA values closest to those of the +request. (Closeness is determined by Euclidian distance, +which is used to determine the distance in four-dimensional color/alpha +space between colors.) +<P> +If no colors have yet been allocated in the image, +gdImageColorClosestAlpha returns -1. +<p> +When applied to a truecolor image, this function always +succeeds in returning the desired color. +<P> +This function is most useful as a backup method for choosing +a drawing color when a palette-based image already contains +<A HREF="#gdMaxColors">gdMaxColors</A> (256) colors and +no more can be allocated. (This is not uncommon when +working with existing palette-based PNG files that already use many colors.) +See <A HREF="#gdImageColorExactAlpha">gdImageColorExactAlpha</A> +for a method of locating exact matches only. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +int red; +/* Let's suppose that photo.png is a scanned photograph with + many colors. */ +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Try to allocate red, 50% transparent, directly */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocateAlpha">gdImageColorAllocateAlpha</A>(im, 255, 0, 0, 64); +/* If we fail to allocate red... */ +if (red == (-1)) { + /* Find the <em>closest</em> color instead. */ + red = gdImageColorClosestAlpha(im, 255, 0, 0, 64); +} +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorClosestHWB"> +int gdImageColorClosestHWB(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorClosestHWB searches the colors which have been +defined thus far in the image specified and returns the +index of the color with hue, whiteness and blackness closest to the +requested color. This scheme is typically superior to the +Euclidian distance scheme used by +<a href="#gdImageColorClosest">gdImageColorClosest</a>. +<P> +If no colors have yet been allocated in the image, +gdImageColorClosestHWB returns -1. +<p> +When applied to a truecolor image, this function always +succeeds in returning the desired color. +<P> +This function is most useful as a backup method for choosing +a drawing color when an image already contains +<A HREF="#gdMaxColors">gdMaxColors</A> (256) colors and +no more can be allocated. (This is not uncommon when +working with existing PNG files that already use many colors.) +See <A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A> +for a method of locating exact matches only. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +FILE *in; +int red; +/* Let's suppose that photo.png is a scanned photograph with + many colors. */ +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Try to allocate red directly */ +red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* If we fail to allocate red... */ +if (red == (-1)) { + /* Find the <em>closest</em> color instead. */ + red = gdImageColorClosestHWB(im, 255, 0, 0); +} +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorExact"> +int gdImageColorExact(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorExact searches the colors which have been +defined thus far in the image specified and returns the +index of the first color with RGB values which exactly +match those of the request. If no allocated color matches the +request precisely, gdImageColorExact returns -1. +See <A HREF="#gdImageColorClosest">gdImageColorClosest</A> +for a way to find the color closest to the color requested. +<p> +When applied to a truecolor image, this function always +succeeds in returning the desired color. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int red; +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* The image may already contain red; if it does, we'll save a slot + in the color table by using that color. */ +/* Try to allocate red directly */ +red = gdImageColorExact(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* If red isn't already present... */ +if (red == (-1)) { + /* Second best: try to allocate it directly. */ + red = <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>(im, 255, 0, 0); + /* Out of colors, so find the <em>closest</em> color instead. */ + red = gdImageColorClosest(im, 255, 0, 0); +} +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorResolve"> +int gdImageColorResolve(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorResolve searches the colors which have been +defined thus far in the image specified and returns the +index of the first color with RGB values which exactly +match those of the request. If no allocated color matches the +request precisely, then gdImageColorResolve tries to allocate the +exact color. If there is no space left in the color table then +gdImageColorResolve returns the closest color (as in gdImageColorClosest). +This function always returns an index of a color. +<p> +When applied to a truecolor image, this function always +succeeds in returning the desired color. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int red; +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* The image may already contain red; if it does, we'll save a slot + in the color table by using that color. */ +/* Get index of red, or color closest to red */ +red = gdImageColorResolve(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorResolveAlpha"> +int gdImageColorResolveAlpha(gdImagePtr im, int r, int g, int b, int a)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorResolveAlpha searches the colors which have been +defined thus far in the image specified and returns the +index of the first color with RGBA values which exactly +match those of the request. If no allocated color matches the +request precisely, then gdImageColorResolveAlpha tries to allocate the +exact color. If there is no space left in the color table then +gdImageColorResolveAlpha returns the closest color (as in gdImageColorClosestAlpha). +This function always returns an index of a color. +<p> +When applied to a truecolor image, this function always +succeeds in returning the desired color. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int red; +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* The image may already contain red; if it does, + we'll save a slot in the color table by using that color. */ +/* Get index of red, 50% transparent, or the next best thing */ +red = gdImageColorResolveAlpha(im, 255, 0, 0, 64); +/* Draw a dashed line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner */ +gdImageDashedLine(im, 0, 0, 99, 99, red); +/* ... Do something with the image, such as saving + it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorsTotal"> +int gdImageColorsTotal(gdImagePtr im)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorsTotal is a macro which returns the number of +colors currently allocated in a palette image. For truecolor +images, the result of this call is undefined and should not +be used. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageRed"> +int gdImageRed(gdImagePtr im, int c)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageRed is a macro which returns the red portion +of the specified color in the image. This macro works +for both palette and truecolor images. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGreen"> +int gdImageGreen(gdImagePtr im, int c)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGreen is a macro which returns the green portion +of the specified color in the image. This macro works +for both palette and truecolor images. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageBlue"> +int gdImageBlue(gdImagePtr im, int c)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageBlue is a macro which returns the blue portion +of the specified color in the image. This macro works +for both palette and truecolor images. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGetInterlaced"> +int gdImageGetInterlaced(gdImagePtr im)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGetInterlaced is a macro which returns true (1) +if the image is interlaced, false (0) if not. +Use this macro to obtain this information; do not +access the structure directly. +See <A HREF="#gdImageInterlace">gdImageInterlace</A> for +a means of interlacing images. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageGetTransparent"> +int gdImageGetTransparent(gdImagePtr im)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageGetTransparent is a macro which returns the +current transparent color index in the image. +If there is no transparent color, gdImageGetTransparent +returns -1. Use this macro to obtain this information; do not +access the structure directly. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorDeallocate"> +void gdImageColorDeallocate(gdImagePtr im, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorDeallocate marks the specified color as being +available for reuse. It does not attempt to determine whether +the color index is still in use in the image. After a call +to this function, the next call to +<A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A> +for the same image will set new RGB values for that +color index, changing the color of any pixels which +have that index as a result. If multiple calls to +gdImageColorDeallocate are made consecutively, the lowest-numbered +index among them will be reused by the next +<A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate"> gdImageColorAllocate</A> call. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int red, blue; +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Look for red in the color table. */ +red = gdImageColorExact(im, 255, 0, 0); +/* If red is present... */ +if (red != (-1)) { + /* Deallocate it. */ + gdImageColorDeallocate(im, red); + /* Allocate blue, reusing slot in table. + Existing red pixels will change color. */ + blue = gdImageColorAllocate(im, 0, 0, 255); +} +/* ... Do something with the image, such as + saving it to a file... */ +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageColorTransparent"> +void gdImageColorTransparent(gdImagePtr im, int color)</A> +<STRONG>(FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageColorTransparent sets the transparent color index +for the specified image to the specified index. To indicate +that there should be <em>no</em> transparent color, invoke +gdImageColorTransparent with a color index of -1. Note that +JPEG images do not support transparency, so this setting has no effect +when writing JPEG images. +<P> +The color index used should be an index +allocated by <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A>, +whether explicitly invoked by your code or implicitly +invoked by loading an image. +In order to ensure that your image has a reasonable appearance +when viewed by users who do not have transparent background +capabilities (or when you are writing a JPEG-format file, which does +not support transparency), be sure to give reasonable RGB values to the +color you allocate for use as a transparent color, +<em>even though it will be transparent on systems +that support PNG transparency</em>. +<PRE> +... inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im; +int black; +FILE *in, *out; +in = fopen("photo.png", "rb"); +im = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Look for black in the color table and make it transparent. */ +black = <A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A>(im, 0, 0, 0); +/* If black is present... */ +if (black != (-1)) { + /* Make it transparent */ + gdImageColorTransparent(im, black); +} +/* Save the newly-transparent image back to the file */ +out = fopen("photo.png", "wb"); +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im, out); +fclose(out); +/* Destroy it */ +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageTrueColor"> +void gdImageTrueColor(int red, int green, int blue)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageTrueColor returns an RGBA color value for use when +drawing on a truecolor image. Red, green, and blue are all +in the range between 0 (off) and 255 (maximum). This macro should +not be used with palette-based images. If you need to write +code which is compatible with both palette-based and +truecolor images, use <a href="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdTrueColorAlpha"> +void gdTrueColorAlpha(int red, int green, int blue, int alpha)</A> +<STRONG>(MACRO)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdTrueColorAlpha returns an RGBA color value for use when +drawing on a truecolor image with alpha channel transparency. Red, +green, and blue are all +in the range between 0 (off) and 255 (maximum). Alpha is in the +range between 0 (opaque) and 127 (fully transparent). This macro should +not be used with palette-based images. If you need to write +code which is compatible with both palette-based and +truecolor images, use <a href="#gdImageColorResolveAlpha">gdImageColorResolveAlpha</a>.</DL> +<H3><A NAME="copying">Copying and resizing functions</A></H3> +<DL> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCopy">void gdImageCopy(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src, int dstX, int dstY, int srcX, int srcY, int w, int h) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCopy is used to copy a rectangular portion of one image to +another image. (For a way of stretching or shrinking the image +in the process, see <A HREF="#gdImageCopyResized"> +gdImageCopyResized</A>.) +<P> +The <code>dst</code> argument is the destination image to which the +region will be copied. The <code>src</code> argument is the source +image from which the region is copied. The <code>dstX</code> +and <code>dstY</code> arguments specify the point in the destination +image to which the region will be copied. The <code>srcX</code> +and <code>srcY</code> arguments specify the upper left corner +of the region in the source image. The <code>w</code> +and <code>h</code> arguments specify the width and height +of the region. +<P> +When you copy a region from one location in an image to another +location in the same image, gdImageCopy will perform as expected +unless the regions overlap, in which case the result is +unpredictable. +<P> +<strong>Important note on copying between images:</strong> since +different images do +not necessarily have the same color tables, pixels are not simply set to the +same color index values to copy them. gdImageCopy will attempt +to find an identical RGB value in the destination image for +each pixel in the copied portion of the source image by +invoking <A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A>. If +such a value is not found, gdImageCopy will attempt to +allocate colors as needed using <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate"> +gdImageColorAllocate</A>. If both of these methods fail, +gdImageCopy will invoke <A HREF="#gdImageColorClosest"> +gdImageColorClosest</A> to find the color in the destination +image which most closely approximates the color of the +pixel being copied. +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_in; +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_out; +int x, y; +FILE *in; +FILE *out; +/* Load a small png to tile the larger one with */ +in = fopen("small.png", "rb"); +im_in = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Make the output image four times as large on both axes */ +im_out = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(im_in->sx * 4, im_in->sy * 4); +/* Now tile the larger image using the smaller one */ +for (y = 0; (y < 4); y++) { + for (x = 0; (x < 4); x++) { + gdImageCopy(im_out, im_in, + x * im_in->sx, y * im_in->sy, + 0, 0, + im_in->sx, im_in->sy); + } +} +out = fopen("tiled.png", "wb"); +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im_out, out); +fclose(out); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_in); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_out); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCopyResized">void gdImageCopyResized(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src, int dstX, int dstY, int srcX, int srcY, int destW, int destH, int srcW, int srcH) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCopyResized is used to copy a rectangular portion of one image to +another image. The X and Y dimensions of the original region and the +destination region can vary, resulting in stretching or shrinking of +the region as appropriate. (For a simpler version of this function +which does not deal with resizing, see <A HREF="#gdImageCopy"> +gdImageCopy</A>.) +<P> +The <code>dst</code> argument is the destination image to which the +region will be copied. The <code>src</code> argument is the source +image from which the region is copied. The <code>dstX</code> +and <code>dstY</code> arguments specify the point in the destination +image to which the region will be copied. The <code>srcX</code> +and <code>srcY</code> arguments specify the upper left corner +of the region in the source image. The <code>dstW</code> +and <code>dstH</code> arguments specify the width and height +of the destination region. The <code>srcW</code> +and <code>srcH</code> arguments specify the width and height +of the source region and can differ from the destination size, +allowing a region to be scaled during the copying process. +<P> +When you copy a region from one location in an image to another +location in the same image, gdImageCopy will perform as expected +unless the regions overlap, in which case the result is +unpredictable. If this presents a problem, create a scratch image +in which to keep intermediate results. +<P> +<strong>Important note on copying between images:</strong> since images +do not necessarily have the same color tables, pixels are not simply set +to the same color index values to copy them. gdImageCopy will attempt +to find an identical RGB value in the destination image for +each pixel in the copied portion of the source image by +invoking <A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A>. If +such a value is not found, gdImageCopy will attempt to +allocate colors as needed using <A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate"> +gdImageColorAllocate</A>. If both of these methods fail, +gdImageCopy will invoke <A HREF="#gdImageColorClosest"> +gdImageColorClosest</A> to find the color in the destination +image which most closely approximates the color of the +pixel being copied. +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_in; +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_out; +int x, y; +FILE *in; +FILE *out; +/* Load a small png to expand in the larger one */ +in = fopen("small.png", "rb"); +im_in = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Make the output image four times as large on both axes */ +im_out = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(im_in->sx * 4, im_in->sy * 4); +/* Now copy the smaller image, but four times larger */ +gdImageCopyResized(im_out, im_in, 0, 0, 0, 0, + im_out->sx, im_out->sy, + im_in->sx, im_in->sy); +out = fopen("large.png", "wb"); +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im_out, out); +fclose(out); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_in); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_out); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCopyResampled">void gdImageCopyResampled(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src, int dstX, int dstY, int srcX, int srcY, int destW, int destH, int srcW, int srcH) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCopyResampled is used to copy a rectangular portion of one image to +another image, smoothly interpolating pixel values so that, in particular, +reducing the size of an image still retains a great deal of clarity. The +X and Y dimensions of the original region and the +destination region can vary, resulting in stretching or shrinking of +the region as appropriate. (For a simpler version of this function +which does not deal with resizing, see <A HREF="#gdImageCopy"> +gdImageCopy</A>. For a version which does not interpolate pixel values, +see <A HREF="#gdImageCopyResized">gdImageCopyResized</A>. +<p> +Pixel values are only interpolated if the destination image is a +truecolor image. Otherwise, +<a href="#gdImageCopyResized">gdImageCopyResized</a> is +automatically invoked. +<P> +The <code>dst</code> argument is the destination image to which the +region will be copied. The <code>src</code> argument is the source +image from which the region is copied. The <code>dstX</code> +and <code>dstY</code> arguments specify the point in the destination +image to which the region will be copied. The <code>srcX</code> +and <code>srcY</code> arguments specify the upper left corner +of the region in the source image. The <code>dstW</code> +and <code>dstH</code> arguments specify the width and height +of the destination region. The <code>srcW</code> +and <code>srcH</code> arguments specify the width and height +of the source region and can differ from the destination size, +allowing a region to be scaled during the copying process. +<P> +When you copy a region from one location in an image to another +location in the same image, gdImageCopy will perform as expected +unless the regions overlap, in which case the result is +unpredictable. If this presents a problem, create a scratch image +in which to keep intermediate results. +<P> +<strong>Important note on copying between images:</strong> since images +do not necessarily have the same color tables, pixels are not simply set +to the same color index values to copy them. If the destination image +is a palette image, gd will use the +<a href="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</a> function to +determine the best color available. +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_in; +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_out; +int x, y; +FILE *in; +FILE *out; +/* Load a large png to shrink in the smaller one */ +in = fopen("large.png", "rb"); +im_in = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Make the output image four times as small on both axes. Use + a true color image so that we can interpolate colors. */ +im_out = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreateTrueColor</A>(im_in->sx / 4, im_in->sy / 4); +/* Now copy the large image, but four times smaller */ +gdImageCopyResampled(im_out, im_in, 0, 0, 0, 0, + im_out->sx, im_out->sy, + im_in->sx, im_in->sy); +out = fopen("large.png", "wb"); +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im_out, out); +fclose(out); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_in); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_out); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCopyRotated">void gdImageCopyRotated(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src, double dstX, double dstY, int srcX, int srcY, int srcW, int srcH, int angle) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCopyRotated is used to copy a rectangular portion of one image to +another image, or to another region of the same image. <strong>The srcX and +srcY coordinates specify the upper left corner of the source area; however, +the dstX and dstY coordinates specify the CENTER of the destination area. +</strong> This important distinction is made because the rotated rectangle may +may or may not be parallel to the X and Y axes. The destination coordinates +may be floating point, as the center of the desired destination area may lie +at the center of a pixel (0.5 pixels) rather than its upper left corner. +The angle specified is an integer number of degrees, between 0 and 360, +with 0 degrees causing no change, and counterclockwise rotation as +the angle increases. +<P> +When you copy a region from one location in an image to another +location in the same image, gdImageCopyRotated will perform as expected +unless the regions overlap, in which case the result is +unpredictable. If this presents a problem, create a scratch image +in which to keep intermediate results. +<P> +<strong>Important note on copying between images:</strong> since +palette-based images do not necessarily have the same color tables, pixels +are not simply set to the same color index values to copy them. +If the destination image is not a truecolor image, +<a href="#gdImageColorResolveAlpha">gdImageColorResolveAlpha</a> is +used to choose the destination pixel. +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_in; +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> im_out; +int x, y; +int a; +FILE *in; +FILE *out; +/* Load a small png to rotate in the larger one */ +in = fopen("small.png", "rb"); +im_in = <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A>(in); +fclose(in); +/* Make the output image four times as large on both axes */ +im_out = <A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A>(im_in->sx * 4, im_in->sy * 4); +/* Now rotate the smaller image */ +for (a = 0; (a < 360); a += 45) { + double x = cos(a * .0174532925) * gdImageSX(im_out) / 2; + double y = -sin(a * .0174532925) * gdImageSY(im_out) / 2; + gdImageCopyRotated(im_out, im_in, + gdImageSX(im_out) / 2 + x, + gdImageSY(im_out) / 2 + y, + 0, 0, + gdImageSX(im_in), + gdImageSY(im_in), + a); +} +out = fopen("large.png", "wb"); +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im_out, out); +fclose(out); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_in); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im_out); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCopyMerge">void gdImageCopyMerge(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src, int dstX, int dstY, int srcX, int srcY, int w, int h, int pct) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCopyMerge is almost identical to <a href=#gdImageCopy>gdImageCopy</a>, except that +it 'merges' the two images by an amount specified in the last parameter. If the last +parameter is 100, then it will function identically to gdImageCopy - the source image replaces +the pixels in the destination. +<p> +If, however, the <strong>pct</strong> parameter is less than 100, then the two images are merged. +With pct = 0, no action is taken. +<p>This feature is most useful to 'highlight' sections of an image by merging a solid color with +pct = 50: +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +gdImageCopyMerge(im_out, im_in, 100, 200, 0, 0, 30, 50, 50); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCopyMergeGray">void gdImageCopyMergeGray(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src, int dstX, int dstY, int srcX, int srcY, int + w, int h, int pct) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCopyMergeGray is almost identical to <a href=#gdImageCopyMerge>gdImageCopyMerge</a>, +except that when merging images it preserves the hue of the source by converting the destination +pixels to grey scale before the copy operation. +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +gdImageCopyMergeGray(im_out, im_in, 100, 200, 0, 0, 30, 50, 50); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImagePaletteCopy">void gdImagePaletteCopy(gdImagePtr dst, gdImagePtr src) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Copies a palette from one image to another, attempting to match the colors in the target image +to the colors +in the source palette. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSquareToCircle">void gdImageSquareToCircle(gdImagePtr im, int radius)</a> +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +<b>im MUST be square, but can have any size.</b> Returns a new image +of width and height radius * 2, in which the X axis of +the original has been remapped to theta (angle) and the Y axis +of the original has been remapped to rho (distance from center). +This is known as a "polar coordinate transform." +See also <a href="#gdImageStringFTCircle">gdImageStringFTCircle</a>, which +uses this function internally. +<DT><A NAME="gdImageSharpen">void gdImageSharpen(gdImagePtr im, int pct)</a> +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +Sharpens the specified image. pct is a sharpening percentage, and +can be greater than 100. Silently does nothing to non-truecolor images. +Silently does nothing for pct<0. Transparency/alpha channel are not +altered. +</DL> +<H3><A NAME="misc">Miscellaneous Functions</A></H3> +<DL> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageCompare">int gdImageCompare(gdImagePtr im1, gdImagePtr im2) +<STRONG> (FUNCTION)</STRONG> +<DD> +gdImageCompare returns a bitmap indicating if the two images are different. The members of the +bitmap are defined in gd.h, but the most important is GD_CMP_IMAGE, which indicated that the images +will actually appear different when displayed. Other, less important, differences relate to pallette +entries. Any difference in the transparent colour is assumed to make images display differently, +even if the transparent colour is not used. +<PRE> +... Inside a function ... +cmpMask = gdImageCompare(im1, im2); +</PRE> + +<DT><A NAME="gdImageInterlace">gdImageInterlace(gdImagePtr im, int interlace)</A> <strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<DD> +gdImageInterlace is used to determine whether an image should be stored +in a linear fashion, in which lines will appear on the display from +first to last, or in an interlaced fashion, in which the image +will "fade in" over several passes. By default, images are not +interlaced. (When writing JPEG images, interlacing implies generating +progressive JPEG files, which are represented as a series of scans of +increasing quality. Noninterlaced gd images result in regular +[sequential] JPEG data streams.) +<P> +A nonzero value for the interlace argument turns on interlace; +a zero value turns it off. Note that interlace has no effect +on other functions, and has no meaning unless you save the +image in PNG or JPEG format; the gd and xbm formats do not support +interlace. +<P> +When a PNG is loaded with +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A> or a JPEG is +loaded with +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromJpeg">gdImageCreateFromJpeg</A>, interlace +will be set according to the setting in the PNG or JPEG file. +<P> +Note that many PNG and JPEG viewers and web browsers do <em>not</em> +support interlace or the incremental display of progressive +JPEGs. However, the interlaced PNG or progressive JPEG should still +display; it will simply appear all at once, just as other images do. +<PRE> +gdImagePtr im; +FILE *out; +/* ... Create or load the image... */ + +/* Now turn on interlace */ +gdImageInterlace(im, 1); +/* And open an output file */ +out = fopen("test.png", "wb"); +/* And save the image -- could also use <A HREF="#gdImageJpeg">gdImageJpeg</A> */ +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A>(im, out); +fclose(out); +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A>(im); +</PRE> +<DT><A NAME="gdFree">gdFree(void *ptr)</A> <strong>(FUNCTION)</strong> +<DD> +gdFree provides a reliable way to free memory allocated by functions +such as <a href="#gdImagePngPtr">gdImagePngPtr</a> which return +blocks of memory. Use of this function guarantees that the +version of <code>free()</code> that is ultimately called will +be intended for use with the version of <code>malloc()</code> that +originally allocated the block. +</DL> +<H3><A NAME="constants">Constants</A></H3> +<DL> +<DT><A NAME="gdAntiAliased">gdAntiAliased</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +Used in place of a color when invoking a line-drawing +function such as <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> +or <A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>. +When gdAntiAliased is used as the color, the foreground color +set with <a href="#gdImageSetAntiAliased">gdImageSetAntiAliased</a> +is used, with antialiasing mechanisms to minimize any +"jagged" appearance. +For more information, see +<a href="#gdImageSetAntiAliased">gdImageSetAntiAliased</a>. +<DT><A NAME="gdBrushed">gdBrushed</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +Used in place of a color when invoking a line-drawing +function such as <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> +or <A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>. +When gdBrushed is used as the color, the brush +image set with <A HREF="#gdImageSetBrush">gdImageSetBrush</A> +is drawn in place of each pixel of the line (the brush is +usually larger than one pixel, creating the effect +of a wide paintbrush). See also +<A HREF="#gdStyledBrushed">gdStyledBrushed</A> for a way +to draw broken lines with a series of distinct copies of an image. +<DT><A NAME="gdMaxColors"><code>gdMaxColors</code><strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +The constant 256. This is the maximum number of colors in a palette-based +PNG file according to the PNG standard, and is also the maximum number of +colors in a palette-based gd image. This of course does not apply to +truecolor images. +<DT><A NAME="gdStyled">gdStyled</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +Used in place of a color when invoking a line-drawing +function such as <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> +or <A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>. +When gdStyled is used as the color, the colors of the pixels are +drawn successively from the style that has been +set with <A HREF="#gdImageSetStyle">gdImageSetStyle</A>. +If the color of a pixel is equal to +<A HREF="#gdTransparent">gdTransparent</A>, that pixel +is not altered. (This mechanism is completely unrelated +to the "transparent color" of the image itself; see +<A HREF="#gdImageColorTransparent">gdImageColorTransparent</A> +gdImageColorTransparent for that mechanism.) See also +<A NAME="#gdStyledBrushed"> gdStyledBrushed</A>. +<DT><A NAME="gdStyledBrushed">gdStyledBrushed</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +Used in place of a color when invoking a line-drawing +function such as <A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> +or <A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A>. +When gdStyledBrushed is used as the color, the brush +image set with <A HREF="#gdImageSetBrush">gdImageSetBrush</A> +is drawn at each pixel of the line, providing that the +style set with <A HREF="#gdImageSetStyle">gdImageSetStyle</A> +contains a nonzero value (OR gdTransparent, which +does not equal zero but is supported for consistency) +for the current pixel. (Pixels are drawn successively from the style as the +line is drawn, returning to the beginning when the +available pixels in the style are exhausted.) Note that +this differs from the behavior of <A HREF="#gdStyled">gdStyled</A>, +in which the values in the style are used as actual +pixel colors, except for gdTransparent. +<DT><A NAME="gdDashSize">gdDashSize</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +The length of a dash in a dashed line. Defined to be 4 for +backwards compatibility with programs that use +<A NAME="gdImageDashedLine">gdImageDashedLine</A>. New +programs should use <A NAME="gdImageSetStyle"> +gdImageSetStyle</A> and call the standard +<A NAME="gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> function +with the special "color" <A NAME="gdStyled"> +gdStyled</A> or <A NAME="gdStyledBrushed">gdStyledBrushed</A>. +<DT><A NAME="gdTiled">gdTiled</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +Used in place of a normal color in <A HREF="#gdImageFilledRectangle"> +gdImageFilledRectangle</A>, <A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon"> +gdImageFilledPolygon</A>, +<A HREF="#gdImageFill">gdImageFill</A>, and <A HREF="#gdImageFillToBorder"> +gdImageFillToBorder</A>. gdTiled selects a pixel from the +tile image set with <A HREF="#gdImageSetTile">gdImageSetTile</A> +in such a way as to ensure that the filled area will be +tiled with copies of the tile image. See the discussions of +<A HREF="#gdImageFill">gdImageFill</A> and +<A HREF="#gdImageFillToBorder">gdImageFillToBorder</A> for special +restrictions regarding those functions. +<DT><A NAME="gdTransparent">gdTransparent</A> <strong>(CONSTANT)</strong> +<DD> +Used in place of a normal color in a style to be set with +<A HREF="#gdImageSetStyle">gdImageSetStyle</A>. +gdTransparent is <strong>not</strong> the transparent +color index of the image; for that functionality please +see <A HREF="#gdImageColorTransparent">gdImageColorTransparent</A>. +</DL> + +<A NAME="gdformat"><H3>About the additional .gd image file format</H3></A> +In addition to reading and writing the PNG and JPEG formats and reading the +X Bitmap format, gd has the capability to read and write its +own ".gd" format. This format is <em>not</em> intended for +general purpose use and should never be used to distribute +images. It is not a compressed format. Its purpose is solely to +allow very fast loading of images your program needs often in +order to build other images for output. If you are experiencing +performance problems when loading large, fixed PNG images your +program needs to produce its output images, you may wish +to examine the functions <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd"> +gdImageCreateFromGd</A> and <A HREF="#gdImageGd">gdImageGd</A>, +which read and write .gd format images. + +<P> +The program "pngtogd.c" is provided as a simple way of converting +.png files to .gd format. I emphasize again that you will not +need to use this format unless you have a need for high-speed loading +of a few frequently-used images in your program. + +<A NAME="gd2format"><H3>About the .gd2 image file format</H3></A> +In addition to reading and writing the PNG format and reading the +X Bitmap format, gd has the capability to read and write its +own ".gd2" format. This format is <em>not</em> intended for +general purpose use and should never be used to distribute +images. It is a compressed format allowing pseudo-random access +to large image files. Its purpose is solely to +allow very fast loading of <strong>parts</strong> of images +If you are experiencing +performance problems when loading large, fixed PNG or JPEG images your +program needs to produce its output images, you may wish +to examine the functions <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2"> +gdImageCreateFromGd2</A>, <A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2Part"> +gdImageCreateFromGd2Part</A> and <A HREF="#gdImageGd2">gdImageGd2</A>, +which read and write .gd2 format images. + +<P> +The program "pngtogd2.c" is provided as a simple way of converting +.png files to .gd2 format. + +<A NAME="gdioctx"><H3>About the gdIOCtx structure</H3></A> +Version 1.5 of GD added a new style of I/O based on an IOCtx +structure (the most up-to-date version can be found in gd_io.h): +<PRE> +typedef struct gdIOCtx { + int (*getC)(struct gdIOCtx*); + int (*getBuf)(struct gdIOCtx*, void*, int); + + void (*putC)(struct gdIOCtx*, int); + int (*putBuf)(struct gdIOCtx*, const void*, int); + + int (*seek)(struct gdIOCtx*, const int); /* Returns 1 on SUCCESS */ + long (*tell)(struct gdIOCtx*); + + void (*free)(struct gdIOCtx*); + +} gdIOCtx; +</PRE> + +Most functions that accepted files in previous versions now also have a +counterpart that accepts an I/O context. These functions have a 'Ctx' +suffix. +<p> +The <xxx>Ctx routines use the function pointers in the I/O context pointed to +by gdIOCtx to perform all I/O. Examples of how to implement an I/O context +can be found in io_file.c (which provides a wrapper for file routines), and +io_dp.c (which implements in-memory storage). +<p> +It is not necessary to implement all functions in an I/O context if you know +that it will only be used in limited cirsumstances. At the time of writing +(Version 1.6.1, July 1999), the known requirements are: +<p> +<Table> +<TR><TD>All</TD><td width=20> </td><TD>Must have 'free',</td></tr> +<TR><TD>Anything that reads from the context</TD><td></td><TD>Must have 'getC' and 'getBuf',</td></tr> +<TR><TD>Anything that writes to the context</TD><td></td><TD>Must have 'putC' and 'putBuf'.</td></tr> +<TR><TD>If gdCreateFromGd2Part is called</td><td></td><TD>Must also have 'seek' and 'tell'. Note: seek must return 1 on SUCCESS and 0 on FAILURE.</td></tr> +<TR><TD>If gdImageGd2 is called</td><td></td><TD>Must also have 'seek' and 'tell'.</td></tr> +</Table> + + + +<A NAME="informing"><H3>Please tell us you're using gd!</H3> +When you contact us and let us know you are using gd, +you help us justify the time spent in maintaining and improving +it. So please let us know. If the results are publicly +visible on the web, a URL is a wonderful thing to receive, but +if it's not a publicly visible project, a simple note is just +as welcome. + +<A NAME="support"><H3>How do I get support?</H3></A> +<h4>Free Support</h4> + +Anyone can mail questions about the gd library using the +<a href="http://www.libgd.org/Wiki/Support">LibGD support</a>. However, +we receive a very large volume of email on many subjects, and while we do +our best to respond to all queries this can take some time. Sometimes +the response must take the form of an eventual new release or + an addition to a FAQ or other document, as opposed to an detailed individual response. + +<h4>Hourly Support</h4> +Those requiring support in detail may arrange for direct support +from the maintaines, at the rate of $50/hr, billed +directly by credit card. Purchase orders are also accepted from +Fortune 500 corporations and institutions in good standing. +To make arrangements, contact <A HREF="http://www.libgd.org/Contact">Pierre-A. Joye</A>. To avoid delay +and/or confusion, be sure to specifically mention that you wish to purchase gd support at the +hourly rate above. + +<A NAME="issues"><H3>How do I report issues, bugs or features request?</H3></A> +Bugs, feature requests or other issues can be reported using the +<A HREF="http://bugs.libgd.org">libGD.org issues tracker.</A> as well as using +one of our support channels: <a href="http://www.libgd.org/Wiki/Support">LibGD support</a> + +<H3><A NAME="index">Alphabetical quick index</A></H3> +<A HREF="#gdAntiAliased">gdAntiAliased</A> | +<A HREF="#gdBrushed">gdBrushed</A> | +<A HREF="#gdDashSize">gdDashSize</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFont">gdFont</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontGetHuge">gdFontGetHuge</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontGetLarge">gdFontGetLarge</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontGetMediumBold">gdFontGetMediumBold</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontGetSmall">gdFontGetSmall</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontGetTiny">gdFontGetTiny</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontCacheSetup">gdFontCacheSetup</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontCacheShutdown">gdFontCacheShutdown</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFontPtr">gdFontPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdFree">gdFree</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImage">gdImage</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageAlphaBlending">gdImageAlphaBlending</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageArc">gdImageArc</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageBlue">gdImageBlue</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageBoundsSafe">gdImageBoundsSafe</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageChar">gdImageChar</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCharUp">gdImageCharUp</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocate">gdImageColorAllocate</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorAllocateAlpha">gdImageColorAllocateAlpha</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorClosest">gdImageColorClosest</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorClosestAlpha">gdImageColorClosestAlpha</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorClosestHWB">gdImageColorClosestHWB</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorDeallocate">gdImageColorDeallocate</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorExact">gdImageColorExact</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorExactAlpha">gdImageColorExactAlpha</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorResolve">gdImageColorResolve</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorResolveAlpha">gdImageColorResolveAlpha</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageColorTransparent">gdImageColorTransparent</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCopy">gdImageCopy</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCopyMerge">gdImageCopyMerge</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCopyMergeGray">gdImageMergeGray</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCopyResized">gdImageCopyResized</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCopyResampled">gdImageCopyResampled</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCopyRotated">gdImageCopyRotated</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreate</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreatePalette</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreate">gdImageCreateTrueColor</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd">gdImageCreateFromGd</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGdCtx">gdImageCreateFromGdCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGdPtr">gdImageCreateFromGdPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2">gdImageCreateFromGd2</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2Ctx">gdImageCreateFromGd2Ctx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2Ptr">gdImageCreateFromGd2Ptr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2Part">gdImageCreateFromGd2Part</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2PartCtx">gdImageCreateFromGd2PartCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromGd2PartPtr">gdImageCreateFromGd2PartPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromJpeg">gdImageCreateFromJpeg</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromJpegCtx">gdImageCreateFromJpegCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromJpegPtr">gdImageCreateFromJpegPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPng">gdImageCreateFromPng</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPngCtx">gdImageCreateFromPngCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPngPtr">gdImageCreateFromPngPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromPngSource">gdImageCreateFromPngSource</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromWBMP">gdImageCreateFromWBMP</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromWBMPCtx">gdImageCreateFromWBMPCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromWBMPPtr">gdImageCreateFromWBMPPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromXbm">gdImageCreateFromXbm</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageCreateFromXpm">gdImageCreateFromXpm</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageDashedLine">gdImageDashedLine</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageDestroy">gdImageDestroy</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageFill">gdImageFill</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledArc">gdImageFilledArc</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledEllipse">gdImageFilledEllipse</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageFillToBorder">gdImageFillToBorder</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledRectangle">gdImageFilledRectangle</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGd">gdImageGd</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGd2">gdImageGd2</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGetInterlaced">gdImageGetInterlaced</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGetPixel">gdImageGetPixel</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGetTransparent">gdImageGetTransparent</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimAdd">gdImageGifAnimAdd</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimAddCtx">gdImageGifAnimAddCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimAddPtr">gdImageGifAnimAddPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimBegin">gdImageGifAnimBegin</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimBeginCtx">gdImageGifAnimBeginCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimBeginPtr">gdImageGifAnimBeginPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimEnd">gdImageGifAnimEnd</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimEndCtx">gdImageGifAnimEndCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGifAnimEndPtr">gdImageGifAnimEndPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageGreen">gdImageGreen</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageInterlace">gdImageInterlace</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageJpeg">gdImageJpeg</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageJpegCtx">gdImageJpegCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageLine">gdImageLine</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageFilledPolygon">gdImageFilledPolygon</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageOpenPolygon">gdImageOpenPolygon</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePaletteCopy">gdImagePaletteCopy</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePng">gdImagePng</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePngEx">gdImagePngEx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePngCtx">gdImagePngCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePngCtxEx">gdImagePngCtxEx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePngPtr">gdImagePngPtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePngPtrEx">gdImagePngPtrEx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePngToSink">gdImagePngToSink</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePolygon">gdImagePolygon</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImagePtr">gdImagePtr</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageWBMP">gdImageWBMP</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageWBMPCtx">gdImageWBMPCtx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageRectangle">gdImageRectangle</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageRed">gdImageRed</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSaveAlpha">gdImageSaveAlpha</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetAntiAliased">gdImageSetAntiAliased</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend">gdImageSetAntiAliasedDontBlend</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetBrush">gdImageSetBrush</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetPixel">gdImageSetPixel</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetStyle">gdImageSetStyle</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetThickness">gdImageSetThickness</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSetTile">gdImageSetTile</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSharpen">gdImageSharpen</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageSquareToCircle">gdImageSquareToCircle</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageString">gdImageString</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageString16">gdImageString16</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageStringFT">gdImageStringFT</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageStringFTCircle">gdImageStringFTCircle</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageStringFTEx">gdImageStringFTEx</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageStringTTF">gdImageStringTTF</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageStringUp">gdImageStringUp</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageStringUp">gdImageStringUp16</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageToPalette">gdImageToPalette</A> | +<A HREF="#gdImageWBMP">gdImageWBMP</A> | +<A HREF="#gdMaxColors">gdMaxColors</A> | +<A HREF="#gdPoint">gdPoint</A> | +<A HREF="#gdStyled">gdStyled</A> | +<A HREF="#gdStyledBrushed">gdStyledBrushed</A> | +<A HREF="#gdTiled">gdTiled</A> | +<A HREF="#gdTransparent">gdTransparent</A> +<P> +<em><A HREF="http://www.libgd.org/"> +www.libgd.org</A></em> +</body> +