Chris@301: /* -*- c-basic-offset: 4 indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-  vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4: */
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: /*
Chris@301:     Sonic Visualiser
Chris@301:     An audio file viewer and annotation editor.
Chris@301:     Centre for Digital Music, Queen Mary, University of London.
Chris@301:     
Chris@301:     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
Chris@301:     modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
Chris@301:     published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
Chris@301:     License, or (at your option) any later version.  See the file
Chris@301:     COPYING included with this distribution for more information.
Chris@301: */
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: /*
Chris@301:    This is a modified version of a source file from the 
Chris@301:    Rosegarden MIDI and audio sequencer and notation editor.
Chris@301:    This file copyright 2000-2007 Richard Bown and Chris Cannam
Chris@301:    and copyright 2007 QMUL.
Chris@301: */
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: #include "MIDIFileWriter.h"
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: #include "MIDIEvent.h"
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: #include "model/NoteModel.h"
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: #include "base/Pitch.h"
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: #include <algorithm>
Chris@301: #include <fstream>
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: using std::ofstream;
Chris@301: using std::string;
Chris@301: using std::ios;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: using namespace MIDIConstants;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::MIDIFileWriter(QString path, NoteModel *model, float tempo) :
Chris@301:     m_path(path),
Chris@301:     m_model(model),
Chris@301:     m_modelUsesHz(false),
Chris@301:     m_tempo(tempo)
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     if (model->getScaleUnits().toLower() == "hz") m_modelUsesHz = true;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     if (!convert()) {
Chris@301:         m_error = "Conversion from model to internal MIDI format failed";
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::~MIDIFileWriter()
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     for (MIDIComposition::iterator i = m_midiComposition.begin();
Chris@301: 	 i != m_midiComposition.end(); ++i) {
Chris@301: 	
Chris@301: 	for (MIDITrack::iterator j = i->second.begin();
Chris@301: 	     j != i->second.end(); ++j) {
Chris@301: 	    delete *j;
Chris@301: 	}
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: 	i->second.clear();
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     m_midiComposition.clear();
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: bool
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::isOK() const
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     return m_error == "";
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: QString
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::getError() const
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     return m_error;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: void
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::write()
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     writeComposition();
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: string
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::intToMIDIBytes(int number) const
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     MIDIByte upper;
Chris@301:     MIDIByte lower;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     upper = (number & 0xFF00) >> 8;
Chris@301:     lower = (number & 0x00FF);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     string rv;
Chris@301:     rv += upper;
Chris@301:     rv += lower;
Chris@301:     return rv;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: string
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::longToMIDIBytes(unsigned long number) const
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     MIDIByte upper1;
Chris@301:     MIDIByte lower1;
Chris@301:     MIDIByte upper2;
Chris@301:     MIDIByte lower2;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     upper1 = (number & 0xff000000) >> 24;
Chris@301:     lower1 = (number & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
Chris@301:     upper2 = (number & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
Chris@301:     lower2 = (number & 0x000000ff);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     string rv;
Chris@301:     rv += upper1;
Chris@301:     rv += lower1;
Chris@301:     rv += upper2;
Chris@301:     rv += lower2;
Chris@301:     return rv;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: // Turn a delta time into a MIDI time - overlapping into
Chris@301: // a maximum of four bytes using the MSB as the carry on
Chris@301: // flag.
Chris@301: //
Chris@301: string
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::longToVarBuffer(unsigned long number) const
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     string rv;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     long inNumber = number;
Chris@301:     long outNumber;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // get the lowest 7 bits of the number
Chris@301:     outNumber = number & 0x7f;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // Shift and test and move the numbers
Chris@301:     // on if we need them - setting the MSB
Chris@301:     // as we go.
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     while ((inNumber >>= 7 ) > 0) {
Chris@301:         outNumber <<= 8;
Chris@301:         outNumber |= 0x80;
Chris@301:         outNumber += (inNumber & 0x7f);
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // Now move the converted number out onto the buffer
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     while (true) {
Chris@301:         rv += (MIDIByte)(outNumber & 0xff);
Chris@301:         if (outNumber & 0x80)
Chris@301:             outNumber >>= 8;
Chris@301:         else
Chris@301:             break;
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     return rv;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: bool
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::writeHeader()
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << MIDI_FILE_HEADER;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // Number of bytes in header
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x06;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // File format
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) m_format;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << intToMIDIBytes(m_numberOfTracks);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << intToMIDIBytes(m_timingDivision);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     return true;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: bool
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::writeTrack(int trackNumber)
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     bool retOK = true;
Chris@301:     MIDIByte eventCode = 0;
Chris@301:     MIDITrack::iterator midiEvent;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // First we write into the trackBuffer, then write it out to the
Chris@301:     // file with its accompanying length.
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     string trackBuffer;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     for (midiEvent = m_midiComposition[trackNumber].begin();
Chris@301:          midiEvent != m_midiComposition[trackNumber].end();
Chris@301:          midiEvent++) {
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // Write the time to the buffer in MIDI format
Chris@301:         trackBuffer += longToVarBuffer((*midiEvent)->getTime());
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         if ((*midiEvent)->isMeta()) {
Chris@301:             trackBuffer += MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT;
Chris@301:             trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getMetaEventCode();
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             // Variable length number field
Chris@301:             trackBuffer += longToVarBuffer((*midiEvent)->
Chris@301:                                            getMetaMessage().length());
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getMetaMessage();
Chris@301:         } else {
Chris@301:             // Send the normal event code (with encoded channel information)
Chris@301:             if (((*midiEvent)->getEventCode() != eventCode) ||
Chris@301:                 ((*midiEvent)->getEventCode() == MIDI_SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE)) {
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getEventCode();
Chris@301:                 eventCode = (*midiEvent)->getEventCode();
Chris@301:             }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             // Send the relevant data
Chris@301:             //
Chris@301:             switch ((*midiEvent)->getMessageType()) {
Chris@301:             case MIDI_NOTE_ON:
Chris@301:             case MIDI_NOTE_OFF:
Chris@301:             case MIDI_POLY_AFTERTOUCH:
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData2();
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             case MIDI_CTRL_CHANGE:
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData2();
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             case MIDI_PROG_CHANGE:
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             case MIDI_CHNL_AFTERTOUCH:
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             case MIDI_PITCH_BEND:
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData2();
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             case MIDI_SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE:
Chris@301:                 // write out message length
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer +=
Chris@301:                     longToVarBuffer((*midiEvent)->getMetaMessage().length());
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:                 // now the message
Chris@301:                 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getMetaMessage();
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:             default:
Chris@301:                 break;
Chris@301:             }
Chris@301:         }
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // Now we write the track - First the standard header..
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << MIDI_TRACK_HEADER;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // ..now the length of the buffer..
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << longToMIDIBytes((long)trackBuffer.length());
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // ..then the buffer itself..
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     *m_midiFile << trackBuffer;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     return retOK;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: bool
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::writeComposition()
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     bool retOK = true;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     m_midiFile =
Chris@301:         new ofstream(m_path.toLocal8Bit().data(), ios::out | ios::binary);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     if (!(*m_midiFile)) {
Chris@301:         m_error = "Can't open file for writing.";
Chris@301:         delete m_midiFile;
Chris@301:         m_midiFile = 0;
Chris@301:         return false;
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     if (!writeHeader()) {
Chris@301:         retOK = false;
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_numberOfTracks; i++) {
Chris@301:         if (!writeTrack(i)) {
Chris@301:             retOK = false;
Chris@301:         }
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     m_midiFile->close();
Chris@301:     delete m_midiFile;
Chris@301:     m_midiFile = 0;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     if (!retOK) {
Chris@301:         m_error = "MIDI file write failed";
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     return retOK;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301: bool
Chris@301: MIDIFileWriter::convert()
Chris@301: {
Chris@301:     m_timingDivision = 480;
Chris@301:     m_format = MIDI_SINGLE_TRACK_FILE;
Chris@301:     m_numberOfTracks = 1;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     int track = 0;
Chris@301:     int midiChannel = 0;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     MIDIEvent *event;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT, MIDI_CUE_POINT,
Chris@301:                           "Exported from Sonic Visualiser");
Chris@301:     m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT, MIDI_CUE_POINT,
Chris@301:                           "http://www.sonicvisualiser.org/");
Chris@301:     m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     long tempoValue = long(60000000.0 / m_tempo + 0.01);
Chris@301:     string tempoString;
Chris@301:     tempoString += (MIDIByte)(tempoValue >> 16 & 0xFF);
Chris@301:     tempoString += (MIDIByte)(tempoValue >> 8 & 0xFF);
Chris@301:     tempoString += (MIDIByte)(tempoValue & 0xFF);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT, MIDI_SET_TEMPO,
Chris@301:                           tempoString);
Chris@301:     m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     // Omit time signature
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     const NoteModel::PointList &notes =
Chris@301:         static_cast<SparseModel<Note> *>(m_model)->getPoints();
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     for (NoteModel::PointList::const_iterator i = notes.begin();
Chris@301:          i != notes.end(); ++i) {
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         long frame = i->frame;
Chris@301:         float value = i->value;
Chris@301:         size_t duration = i->duration;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         int pitch;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         if (m_modelUsesHz) {
Chris@301:             pitch = Pitch::getPitchForFrequency(value);
Chris@301:         } else {
Chris@301:             pitch = lrintf(value);
Chris@301:         }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         if (pitch < 0) pitch = 0;
Chris@301:         if (pitch > 127) pitch = 127;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // Convert frame to MIDI time
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         double seconds = double(frame) / double(m_model->getSampleRate());
Chris@301:         double quarters = (seconds * m_tempo) / 60.0;
Chris@301:         unsigned long midiTime = lrint(quarters * m_timingDivision);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // We don't support velocity in note models yet
Chris@301:         int velocity = 100;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // Get the sounding time for the matching NOTE_OFF
Chris@301:         seconds = double(frame + duration) / double(m_model->getSampleRate());
Chris@301:         quarters = (seconds * m_tempo) / 60.0;
Chris@301:         unsigned long endTime = lrint(quarters * m_timingDivision);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // At this point all the notes we insert have absolute times
Chris@301:         // in the delta time fields.  We resolve these into delta
Chris@301:         // times further down (can't do it until all the note offs are
Chris@301:         // in place).
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         event = new MIDIEvent(midiTime,
Chris@301:                               MIDI_NOTE_ON | midiChannel,
Chris@301:                               pitch,
Chris@301:                               velocity);
Chris@301:         m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         event = new MIDIEvent(endTime,
Chris@301:                               MIDI_NOTE_OFF | midiChannel,
Chris@301:                               pitch,
Chris@301:                               127); // loudest silence you can muster
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301:     
Chris@301:     // Now gnash through the MIDI events and turn the absolute times
Chris@301:     // into delta times.
Chris@301:     //
Chris@301:     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_numberOfTracks; i++) {
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         unsigned long lastMidiTime = 0;
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // First sort the track with the MIDIEvent comparator.  Use
Chris@301:         // stable_sort so that events with equal times are maintained
Chris@301:         // in their current order.
Chris@301:         //
Chris@301:         std::stable_sort(m_midiComposition[i].begin(),
Chris@301:                          m_midiComposition[i].end(),
Chris@301:                          MIDIEventCmp());
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         for (MIDITrack::iterator it = m_midiComposition[i].begin();
Chris@301:              it != m_midiComposition[i].end(); it++) {
Chris@301:             unsigned long deltaTime = (*it)->getTime() - lastMidiTime;
Chris@301:             lastMidiTime = (*it)->getTime();
Chris@301:             (*it)->setTime(deltaTime);
Chris@301:         }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         // Insert end of track event (delta time = 0)
Chris@301:         //
Chris@301:         event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT,
Chris@301:                               MIDI_END_OF_TRACK, "");
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:         m_midiComposition[i].push_back(event);
Chris@301:     }
Chris@301: 
Chris@301:     return true;
Chris@301: }
Chris@301: