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1 /* -*- c-basic-offset: 4 indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4: */
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2
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3 /*
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4 Sonic Visualiser
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5 An audio file viewer and annotation editor.
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6 Centre for Digital Music, Queen Mary, University of London.
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7
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8 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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9 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
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10 published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
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11 License, or (at your option) any later version. See the file
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12 COPYING included with this distribution for more information.
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13 */
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14
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15
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16 /*
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17 This is a modified version of a source file from the
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18 Rosegarden MIDI and audio sequencer and notation editor.
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19 This file copyright 2000-2007 Richard Bown and Chris Cannam
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20 and copyright 2007 QMUL.
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21 */
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22
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23 #include "MIDIFileWriter.h"
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24
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25 #include "MIDIEvent.h"
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26
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27 #include "model/NoteModel.h"
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28
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29 #include "base/Pitch.h"
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30
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31 #include <algorithm>
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32 #include <fstream>
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33
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34 using std::ofstream;
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35 using std::string;
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36 using std::ios;
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37
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38 using namespace MIDIConstants;
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39
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40 MIDIFileWriter::MIDIFileWriter(QString path, NoteModel *model, float tempo) :
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41 m_path(path),
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42 m_model(model),
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43 m_modelUsesHz(false),
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44 m_tempo(tempo)
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45 {
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46 if (model->getScaleUnits().toLower() == "hz") m_modelUsesHz = true;
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47
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48 if (!convert()) {
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49 m_error = "Conversion from model to internal MIDI format failed";
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50 }
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51 }
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52
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53 MIDIFileWriter::~MIDIFileWriter()
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54 {
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55 for (MIDIComposition::iterator i = m_midiComposition.begin();
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56 i != m_midiComposition.end(); ++i) {
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57
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58 for (MIDITrack::iterator j = i->second.begin();
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59 j != i->second.end(); ++j) {
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60 delete *j;
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61 }
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62
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63 i->second.clear();
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64 }
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65
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66 m_midiComposition.clear();
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67 }
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68
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69 bool
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70 MIDIFileWriter::isOK() const
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71 {
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72 return m_error == "";
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73 }
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74
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75 QString
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76 MIDIFileWriter::getError() const
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77 {
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78 return m_error;
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79 }
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80
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81 void
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82 MIDIFileWriter::write()
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83 {
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84 writeComposition();
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85 }
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86
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87 string
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88 MIDIFileWriter::intToMIDIBytes(int number) const
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89 {
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90 MIDIByte upper;
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91 MIDIByte lower;
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92
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93 upper = (number & 0xFF00) >> 8;
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94 lower = (number & 0x00FF);
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95
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96 string rv;
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97 rv += upper;
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98 rv += lower;
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99 return rv;
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100 }
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101
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102 string
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103 MIDIFileWriter::longToMIDIBytes(unsigned long number) const
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104 {
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105 MIDIByte upper1;
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106 MIDIByte lower1;
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107 MIDIByte upper2;
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108 MIDIByte lower2;
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109
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110 upper1 = (number & 0xff000000) >> 24;
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111 lower1 = (number & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
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112 upper2 = (number & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
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113 lower2 = (number & 0x000000ff);
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114
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115 string rv;
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116 rv += upper1;
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117 rv += lower1;
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118 rv += upper2;
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119 rv += lower2;
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120 return rv;
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121 }
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122
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123 // Turn a delta time into a MIDI time - overlapping into
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124 // a maximum of four bytes using the MSB as the carry on
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125 // flag.
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126 //
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127 string
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128 MIDIFileWriter::longToVarBuffer(unsigned long number) const
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129 {
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130 string rv;
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131
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132 long inNumber = number;
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133 long outNumber;
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134
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135 // get the lowest 7 bits of the number
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136 outNumber = number & 0x7f;
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137
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138 // Shift and test and move the numbers
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139 // on if we need them - setting the MSB
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140 // as we go.
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141 //
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142 while ((inNumber >>= 7 ) > 0) {
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143 outNumber <<= 8;
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144 outNumber |= 0x80;
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145 outNumber += (inNumber & 0x7f);
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146 }
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147
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148 // Now move the converted number out onto the buffer
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149 //
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150 while (true) {
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151 rv += (MIDIByte)(outNumber & 0xff);
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152 if (outNumber & 0x80)
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153 outNumber >>= 8;
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154 else
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155 break;
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156 }
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157
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158 return rv;
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159 }
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160
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161 bool
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162 MIDIFileWriter::writeHeader()
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163 {
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164 *m_midiFile << MIDI_FILE_HEADER;
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165
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166 // Number of bytes in header
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167 *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
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168 *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
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169 *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
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170 *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x06;
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171
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172 // File format
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173 *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) 0x00;
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174 *m_midiFile << (MIDIByte) m_format;
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175
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176 *m_midiFile << intToMIDIBytes(m_numberOfTracks);
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177
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178 *m_midiFile << intToMIDIBytes(m_timingDivision);
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179
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180 return true;
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181 }
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182
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183 bool
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184 MIDIFileWriter::writeTrack(int trackNumber)
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185 {
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186 bool retOK = true;
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187 MIDIByte eventCode = 0;
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188 MIDITrack::iterator midiEvent;
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189
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190 // First we write into the trackBuffer, then write it out to the
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191 // file with its accompanying length.
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192 //
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193 string trackBuffer;
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194
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195 for (midiEvent = m_midiComposition[trackNumber].begin();
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196 midiEvent != m_midiComposition[trackNumber].end();
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197 midiEvent++) {
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198
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199 // Write the time to the buffer in MIDI format
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200 trackBuffer += longToVarBuffer((*midiEvent)->getTime());
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201
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202 if ((*midiEvent)->isMeta()) {
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203 trackBuffer += MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT;
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204 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getMetaEventCode();
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205
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206 // Variable length number field
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207 trackBuffer += longToVarBuffer((*midiEvent)->
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208 getMetaMessage().length());
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209
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210 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getMetaMessage();
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211 } else {
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212 // Send the normal event code (with encoded channel information)
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213 if (((*midiEvent)->getEventCode() != eventCode) ||
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214 ((*midiEvent)->getEventCode() == MIDI_SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE)) {
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215 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getEventCode();
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216 eventCode = (*midiEvent)->getEventCode();
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217 }
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218
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219 // Send the relevant data
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220 //
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221 switch ((*midiEvent)->getMessageType()) {
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222 case MIDI_NOTE_ON:
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223 case MIDI_NOTE_OFF:
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224 case MIDI_POLY_AFTERTOUCH:
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225 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
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226 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData2();
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227 break;
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228
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229 case MIDI_CTRL_CHANGE:
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230 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
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231 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData2();
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232 break;
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233
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234 case MIDI_PROG_CHANGE:
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235 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
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236 break;
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237
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238 case MIDI_CHNL_AFTERTOUCH:
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239 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
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240 break;
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241
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242 case MIDI_PITCH_BEND:
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243 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData1();
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244 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getData2();
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245 break;
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246
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247 case MIDI_SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE:
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248 // write out message length
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249 trackBuffer +=
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250 longToVarBuffer((*midiEvent)->getMetaMessage().length());
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251
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252 // now the message
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253 trackBuffer += (*midiEvent)->getMetaMessage();
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254 break;
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255
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256 default:
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257 break;
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258 }
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259 }
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260 }
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261
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262 // Now we write the track - First the standard header..
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263 //
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264 *m_midiFile << MIDI_TRACK_HEADER;
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265
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266 // ..now the length of the buffer..
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267 //
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268 *m_midiFile << longToMIDIBytes((long)trackBuffer.length());
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269
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270 // ..then the buffer itself..
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271 //
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272 *m_midiFile << trackBuffer;
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273
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274 return retOK;
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275 }
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276
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277 bool
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278 MIDIFileWriter::writeComposition()
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279 {
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280 bool retOK = true;
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281
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282 m_midiFile =
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283 new ofstream(m_path.toLocal8Bit().data(), ios::out | ios::binary);
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284
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285 if (!(*m_midiFile)) {
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286 m_error = "Can't open file for writing.";
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287 delete m_midiFile;
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288 m_midiFile = 0;
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289 return false;
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290 }
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291
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292 if (!writeHeader()) {
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293 retOK = false;
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294 }
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295
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296 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_numberOfTracks; i++) {
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297 if (!writeTrack(i)) {
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298 retOK = false;
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299 }
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300 }
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301
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302 m_midiFile->close();
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303 delete m_midiFile;
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304 m_midiFile = 0;
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305
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306 if (!retOK) {
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307 m_error = "MIDI file write failed";
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308 }
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309
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310 return retOK;
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311 }
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312
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313 bool
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314 MIDIFileWriter::convert()
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315 {
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316 m_timingDivision = 480;
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317 m_format = MIDI_SINGLE_TRACK_FILE;
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318 m_numberOfTracks = 1;
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319
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320 int track = 0;
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321 int midiChannel = 0;
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322
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323 MIDIEvent *event;
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324
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325 event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT, MIDI_CUE_POINT,
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326 "Exported from Sonic Visualiser");
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327 m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
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328
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329 event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT, MIDI_CUE_POINT,
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330 "http://www.sonicvisualiser.org/");
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331 m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
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332
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333 long tempoValue = long(60000000.0 / m_tempo + 0.01);
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334 string tempoString;
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335 tempoString += (MIDIByte)(tempoValue >> 16 & 0xFF);
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336 tempoString += (MIDIByte)(tempoValue >> 8 & 0xFF);
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337 tempoString += (MIDIByte)(tempoValue & 0xFF);
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338
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339 event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT, MIDI_SET_TEMPO,
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340 tempoString);
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341 m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
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342
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343 // Omit time signature
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344
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345 const NoteModel::PointList ¬es =
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346 static_cast<SparseModel<Note> *>(m_model)->getPoints();
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347
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348 for (NoteModel::PointList::const_iterator i = notes.begin();
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349 i != notes.end(); ++i) {
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350
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351 long frame = i->frame;
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352 float value = i->value;
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353 size_t duration = i->duration;
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354
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355 int pitch;
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356
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357 if (m_modelUsesHz) {
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358 pitch = Pitch::getPitchForFrequency(value);
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359 } else {
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360 pitch = lrintf(value);
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361 }
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362
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363 if (pitch < 0) pitch = 0;
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364 if (pitch > 127) pitch = 127;
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365
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366 // Convert frame to MIDI time
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367
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368 double seconds = double(frame) / double(m_model->getSampleRate());
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369 double quarters = (seconds * m_tempo) / 60.0;
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370 unsigned long midiTime = lrint(quarters * m_timingDivision);
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371
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372 int velocity = 100;
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373 if (i->level > 0.f && i->level <= 1.f) {
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374 velocity = lrintf(i->level * 127.f);
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375 }
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376
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377 // Get the sounding time for the matching NOTE_OFF
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378 seconds = double(frame + duration) / double(m_model->getSampleRate());
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379 quarters = (seconds * m_tempo) / 60.0;
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380 unsigned long endTime = lrint(quarters * m_timingDivision);
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381
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382 // At this point all the notes we insert have absolute times
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383 // in the delta time fields. We resolve these into delta
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384 // times further down (can't do it until all the note offs are
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385 // in place).
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386
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387 event = new MIDIEvent(midiTime,
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388 MIDI_NOTE_ON | midiChannel,
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389 pitch,
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390 velocity);
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391 m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
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392
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393 event = new MIDIEvent(endTime,
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394 MIDI_NOTE_OFF | midiChannel,
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395 pitch,
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396 127); // loudest silence you can muster
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397
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398 m_midiComposition[track].push_back(event);
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399 }
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400
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401 // Now gnash through the MIDI events and turn the absolute times
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Chris@301
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402 // into delta times.
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Chris@301
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403 //
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Chris@301
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404 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_numberOfTracks; i++) {
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Chris@301
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405
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Chris@301
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406 unsigned long lastMidiTime = 0;
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Chris@301
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407
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Chris@301
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408 // First sort the track with the MIDIEvent comparator. Use
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Chris@301
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409 // stable_sort so that events with equal times are maintained
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Chris@301
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410 // in their current order.
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Chris@301
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411 //
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Chris@301
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412 std::stable_sort(m_midiComposition[i].begin(),
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Chris@301
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413 m_midiComposition[i].end(),
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Chris@301
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414 MIDIEventCmp());
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Chris@301
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415
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Chris@301
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416 for (MIDITrack::iterator it = m_midiComposition[i].begin();
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Chris@301
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417 it != m_midiComposition[i].end(); it++) {
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Chris@301
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418 unsigned long deltaTime = (*it)->getTime() - lastMidiTime;
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Chris@301
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419 lastMidiTime = (*it)->getTime();
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Chris@301
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420 (*it)->setTime(deltaTime);
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Chris@301
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421 }
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Chris@301
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422
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Chris@301
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423 // Insert end of track event (delta time = 0)
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Chris@301
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424 //
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Chris@301
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425 event = new MIDIEvent(0, MIDI_FILE_META_EVENT,
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Chris@301
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426 MIDI_END_OF_TRACK, "");
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Chris@301
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427
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Chris@301
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428 m_midiComposition[i].push_back(event);
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Chris@301
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429 }
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Chris@301
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430
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Chris@301
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431 return true;
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Chris@301
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432 }
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Chris@301
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433
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