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Next: <a href="Dynamic-Arrays-in-C_002dThe-Wrong-Way.html#Dynamic-Arrays-in-C_002dThe-Wrong-Way" accesskey="n" rel="next">Dynamic Arrays in C-The Wrong Way</a>, Previous: <a href="Fixed_002dsize-Arrays-in-C.html#Fixed_002dsize-Arrays-in-C" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Fixed-size Arrays in C</a>, Up: <a href="Multi_002ddimensional-Array-Format.html#Multi_002ddimensional-Array-Format" accesskey="u" rel="up">Multi-dimensional Array Format</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<a name="Dynamic-Arrays-in-C-1"></a>
<h4 class="subsection">3.2.4 Dynamic Arrays in C</h4>

<p>We recommend allocating most arrays dynamically, with
<code>fftw_malloc</code>.  This isn&rsquo;t too hard to do, although it is not as
straightforward for multi-dimensional arrays as it is for
one-dimensional arrays.
</p>
<p>Creating the array is simple: using a dynamic-allocation routine like
<code>fftw_malloc</code>, allocate an array big enough to store N
<code>fftw_complex</code> values (for a complex DFT), where N is the product
of the sizes of the array dimensions (i.e. the total number of complex
values in the array).  For example, here is code to allocate a
5&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;12&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;27 rank-3 array:
<a name="index-fftw_005fmalloc-2"></a>
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">fftw_complex *an_array;
an_array = (fftw_complex*) fftw_malloc(5*12*27 * sizeof(fftw_complex));
</pre></div>

<p>Accessing the array elements, however, is more tricky&mdash;you can&rsquo;t
simply use multiple applications of the &lsquo;<samp>[]</samp>&rsquo; operator like you
could for fixed-size arrays.  Instead, you have to explicitly compute
the offset into the array using the formula given earlier for
row-major arrays.  For example, to reference the <em>(i,j,k)</em>-th
element of the array allocated above, you would use the expression
<code>an_array[k + 27 * (j + 12 * i)]</code>.
</p>
<p>This pain can be alleviated somewhat by defining appropriate macros,
or, in C++, creating a class and overloading the &lsquo;<samp>()</samp>&rsquo; operator.
The recent C99 standard provides a way to reinterpret the dynamic
array as a &ldquo;variable-length&rdquo; multi-dimensional array amenable to
&lsquo;<samp>[]</samp>&rsquo;, but this feature is not yet widely supported by compilers.
<a name="index-C99"></a>
<a name="index-C_002b_002b-2"></a>
</p>


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author	Chris Cannam
date	Tue, 18 Oct 2016 13:40:26 +0100
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