diff src/flac-1.2.1/src/flac/decode.c @ 86:98c1576536ae

Bring in flac, ogg, vorbis

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/flac-1.2.1/src/flac/decode.c	Tue Mar 19 17:37:49 2013 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,1380 @@
+/* flac - Command-line FLAC encoder/decoder
+ * Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007  Josh Coalson
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+ * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
+ */
+
+#if HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#  include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
+/* where MSVC puts unlink() */
+# include <io.h>
+#else
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#if defined _MSC_VER || defined __MINGW32__
+#include <sys/types.h> /* for off_t */
+#if _MSC_VER <= 1600 /* @@@ [2G limit] */
+#define fseeko fseek
+#define ftello ftell
+#endif
+#endif
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <math.h> /* for floor() */
+#include <stdio.h> /* for FILE etc. */
+#include <string.h> /* for strcmp(), strerror() */
+#include "FLAC/all.h"
+#include "share/grabbag.h"
+#include "share/replaygain_synthesis.h"
+#include "decode.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+#if FLAC__HAS_OGG
+	FLAC__bool is_ogg;
+	FLAC__bool use_first_serial_number;
+	long serial_number;
+#endif
+
+	FLAC__bool is_aiff_out;
+	FLAC__bool is_wave_out;
+	FLAC__bool treat_warnings_as_errors;
+	FLAC__bool continue_through_decode_errors;
+	FLAC__bool channel_map_none;
+
+	struct {
+		replaygain_synthesis_spec_t spec;
+		FLAC__bool apply; /* 'spec.apply' is just a request; this 'apply' means we actually parsed the RG tags and are ready to go */
+		double scale;
+		DitherContext dither_context;
+	} replaygain;
+
+	FLAC__bool test_only;
+	FLAC__bool analysis_mode;
+	analysis_options aopts;
+	utils__SkipUntilSpecification *skip_specification;
+	utils__SkipUntilSpecification *until_specification; /* a canonicalized value of 0 mean end-of-stream (i.e. --until=-0) */
+	utils__CueSpecification *cue_specification;
+
+	const char *inbasefilename;
+	const char *infilename;
+	const char *outfilename;
+
+	FLAC__uint64 samples_processed;
+	unsigned frame_counter;
+	FLAC__bool abort_flag;
+	FLAC__bool aborting_due_to_until; /* true if we intentionally abort decoding prematurely because we hit the --until point */
+	FLAC__bool aborting_due_to_unparseable; /* true if we abort decoding because we hit an unparseable frame */
+
+	FLAC__bool iff_headers_need_fixup;
+
+	FLAC__bool is_big_endian;
+	FLAC__bool is_unsigned_samples;
+	FLAC__bool got_stream_info;
+	FLAC__bool has_md5sum;
+	FLAC__uint64 total_samples;
+	unsigned bps;
+	unsigned channels;
+	unsigned sample_rate;
+	FLAC__uint32 channel_mask;
+
+	/* these are used only in analyze mode */
+	FLAC__uint64 decode_position;
+
+	FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder;
+
+	FILE *fout;
+
+	foreign_metadata_t *foreign_metadata; /* NULL unless --keep-foreign-metadata requested */
+	off_t fm_offset1, fm_offset2, fm_offset3;
+} DecoderSession;
+
+
+static FLAC__bool is_big_endian_host_;
+
+
+/*
+ * local routines
+ */
+static FLAC__bool DecoderSession_construct(DecoderSession *d, FLAC__bool is_ogg, FLAC__bool use_first_serial_number, long serial_number, FLAC__bool is_aiff_out, FLAC__bool is_wave_out, FLAC__bool treat_warnings_as_errors, FLAC__bool continue_through_decode_errors, FLAC__bool channel_map_none, replaygain_synthesis_spec_t replaygain_synthesis_spec, FLAC__bool analysis_mode, analysis_options aopts, utils__SkipUntilSpecification *skip_specification, utils__SkipUntilSpecification *until_specification, utils__CueSpecification *cue_specification, foreign_metadata_t *foreign_metadata, const char *infilename, const char *outfilename);
+static void DecoderSession_destroy(DecoderSession *d, FLAC__bool error_occurred);
+static FLAC__bool DecoderSession_init_decoder(DecoderSession *d, const char *infilename);
+static FLAC__bool DecoderSession_process(DecoderSession *d);
+static int DecoderSession_finish_ok(DecoderSession *d);
+static int DecoderSession_finish_error(DecoderSession *d);
+static FLAC__bool canonicalize_until_specification(utils__SkipUntilSpecification *spec, const char *inbasefilename, unsigned sample_rate, FLAC__uint64 skip, FLAC__uint64 total_samples_in_input);
+static FLAC__bool write_iff_headers(FILE *f, DecoderSession *decoder_session, FLAC__uint64 samples);
+static FLAC__bool write_riff_wave_fmt_chunk(FILE *f, FLAC__bool is_waveformatextensible, unsigned bps, unsigned channels, unsigned sample_rate, FLAC__uint32 channel_mask);
+static FLAC__bool write_aiff_form_comm_chunk(FILE *f, FLAC__uint64 samples, unsigned bps, unsigned channels, unsigned sample_rate);
+static FLAC__bool write_little_endian_uint16(FILE *f, FLAC__uint16 val);
+static FLAC__bool write_little_endian_uint32(FILE *f, FLAC__uint32 val);
+static FLAC__bool write_big_endian_uint16(FILE *f, FLAC__uint16 val);
+static FLAC__bool write_big_endian_uint32(FILE *f, FLAC__uint32 val);
+static FLAC__bool write_sane_extended(FILE *f, unsigned val);
+static FLAC__bool fixup_iff_headers(DecoderSession *d);
+static FLAC__StreamDecoderWriteStatus write_callback(const FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder, const FLAC__Frame *frame, const FLAC__int32 * const buffer[], void *client_data);
+static void metadata_callback(const FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder, const FLAC__StreamMetadata *metadata, void *client_data);
+static void error_callback(const FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder, FLAC__StreamDecoderErrorStatus status, void *client_data);
+static void print_error_with_init_status(const DecoderSession *d, const char *message, FLAC__StreamDecoderInitStatus init_status);
+static void print_error_with_state(const DecoderSession *d, const char *message);
+static void print_stats(const DecoderSession *decoder_session);
+
+
+/*
+ * public routines
+ */
+int flac__decode_aiff(const char *infilename, const char *outfilename, FLAC__bool analysis_mode, analysis_options aopts, wav_decode_options_t options)
+{
+	DecoderSession decoder_session;
+
+	if(!
+		DecoderSession_construct(
+			&decoder_session,
+#if FLAC__HAS_OGG
+			options.common.is_ogg,
+			options.common.use_first_serial_number,
+			options.common.serial_number,
+#else
+			/*is_ogg=*/false,
+			/*use_first_serial_number=*/false,
+			/*serial_number=*/0,
+#endif
+			/*is_aiff_out=*/true,
+			/*is_wave_out=*/false,
+			options.common.treat_warnings_as_errors,
+			options.common.continue_through_decode_errors,
+			options.common.channel_map_none,
+			options.common.replaygain_synthesis_spec,
+			analysis_mode,
+			aopts,
+			&options.common.skip_specification,
+			&options.common.until_specification,
+			options.common.has_cue_specification? &options.common.cue_specification : 0,
+			options.foreign_metadata,
+			infilename,
+			outfilename
+		)
+	)
+		return 1;
+
+	if(!DecoderSession_init_decoder(&decoder_session, infilename))
+		return DecoderSession_finish_error(&decoder_session);
+
+	if(!DecoderSession_process(&decoder_session))
+		return DecoderSession_finish_error(&decoder_session);
+
+	return DecoderSession_finish_ok(&decoder_session);
+}
+
+int flac__decode_wav(const char *infilename, const char *outfilename, FLAC__bool analysis_mode, analysis_options aopts, wav_decode_options_t options)
+{
+	DecoderSession decoder_session;
+
+	if(!
+		DecoderSession_construct(
+			&decoder_session,
+#if FLAC__HAS_OGG
+			options.common.is_ogg,
+			options.common.use_first_serial_number,
+			options.common.serial_number,
+#else
+			/*is_ogg=*/false,
+			/*use_first_serial_number=*/false,
+			/*serial_number=*/0,
+#endif
+			/*is_aiff_out=*/false,
+			/*is_wave_out=*/true,
+			options.common.treat_warnings_as_errors,
+			options.common.continue_through_decode_errors,
+			options.common.channel_map_none,
+			options.common.replaygain_synthesis_spec,
+			analysis_mode,
+			aopts,
+			&options.common.skip_specification,
+			&options.common.until_specification,
+			options.common.has_cue_specification? &options.common.cue_specification : 0,
+			options.foreign_metadata,
+			infilename,
+			outfilename
+		)
+	)
+		return 1;
+
+	if(!DecoderSession_init_decoder(&decoder_session, infilename))
+		return DecoderSession_finish_error(&decoder_session);
+
+	if(!DecoderSession_process(&decoder_session))
+		return DecoderSession_finish_error(&decoder_session);
+
+	return DecoderSession_finish_ok(&decoder_session);
+}
+
+int flac__decode_raw(const char *infilename, const char *outfilename, FLAC__bool analysis_mode, analysis_options aopts, raw_decode_options_t options)
+{
+	DecoderSession decoder_session;
+
+	decoder_session.is_big_endian = options.is_big_endian;
+	decoder_session.is_unsigned_samples = options.is_unsigned_samples;
+
+	if(!
+		DecoderSession_construct(
+			&decoder_session,
+#if FLAC__HAS_OGG
+			options.common.is_ogg,
+			options.common.use_first_serial_number,
+			options.common.serial_number,
+#else
+			/*is_ogg=*/false,
+			/*use_first_serial_number=*/false,
+			/*serial_number=*/0,
+#endif
+			/*is_aiff_out=*/false,
+			/*is_wave_out=*/false,
+			options.common.treat_warnings_as_errors,
+			options.common.continue_through_decode_errors,
+			options.common.channel_map_none,
+			options.common.replaygain_synthesis_spec,
+			analysis_mode,
+			aopts,
+			&options.common.skip_specification,
+			&options.common.until_specification,
+			options.common.has_cue_specification? &options.common.cue_specification : 0,
+			/*foreign_metadata=*/NULL,
+			infilename,
+			outfilename
+		)
+	)
+		return 1;
+
+	if(!DecoderSession_init_decoder(&decoder_session, infilename))
+		return DecoderSession_finish_error(&decoder_session);
+
+	if(!DecoderSession_process(&decoder_session))
+		return DecoderSession_finish_error(&decoder_session);
+
+	return DecoderSession_finish_ok(&decoder_session);
+}
+
+FLAC__bool DecoderSession_construct(DecoderSession *d, FLAC__bool is_ogg, FLAC__bool use_first_serial_number, long serial_number, FLAC__bool is_aiff_out, FLAC__bool is_wave_out, FLAC__bool treat_warnings_as_errors, FLAC__bool continue_through_decode_errors, FLAC__bool channel_map_none, replaygain_synthesis_spec_t replaygain_synthesis_spec, FLAC__bool analysis_mode, analysis_options aopts, utils__SkipUntilSpecification *skip_specification, utils__SkipUntilSpecification *until_specification, utils__CueSpecification *cue_specification, foreign_metadata_t *foreign_metadata, const char *infilename, const char *outfilename)
+{
+#if FLAC__HAS_OGG
+	d->is_ogg = is_ogg;
+	d->use_first_serial_number = use_first_serial_number;
+	d->serial_number = serial_number;
+#else
+	(void)is_ogg;
+	(void)use_first_serial_number;
+	(void)serial_number;
+#endif
+
+	d->is_aiff_out = is_aiff_out;
+	d->is_wave_out = is_wave_out;
+	d->treat_warnings_as_errors = treat_warnings_as_errors;
+	d->continue_through_decode_errors = continue_through_decode_errors;
+	d->channel_map_none = channel_map_none;
+	d->replaygain.spec = replaygain_synthesis_spec;
+	d->replaygain.apply = false;
+	d->replaygain.scale = 0.0;
+	/* d->replaygain.dither_context gets initialized later once we know the sample resolution */
+	d->test_only = (0 == outfilename);
+	d->analysis_mode = analysis_mode;
+	d->aopts = aopts;
+	d->skip_specification = skip_specification;
+	d->until_specification = until_specification;
+	d->cue_specification = cue_specification;
+
+	d->inbasefilename = grabbag__file_get_basename(infilename);
+	d->infilename = infilename;
+	d->outfilename = outfilename;
+
+	d->samples_processed = 0;
+	d->frame_counter = 0;
+	d->abort_flag = false;
+	d->aborting_due_to_until = false;
+	d->aborting_due_to_unparseable = false;
+
+	d->iff_headers_need_fixup = false;
+
+	d->total_samples = 0;
+	d->got_stream_info = false;
+	d->has_md5sum = false;
+	d->bps = 0;
+	d->channels = 0;
+	d->sample_rate = 0;
+	d->channel_mask = 0;
+
+	d->decode_position = 0;
+
+	d->decoder = 0;
+
+	d->fout = 0; /* initialized with an open file later if necessary */
+
+	d->foreign_metadata = foreign_metadata;
+
+	FLAC__ASSERT(!(d->test_only && d->analysis_mode));
+
+	if(!d->test_only) {
+		if(0 == strcmp(outfilename, "-")) {
+			d->fout = grabbag__file_get_binary_stdout();
+		}
+		else {
+			if(0 == (d->fout = fopen(outfilename, "wb"))) {
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: can't open output file %s: %s\n", d->inbasefilename, outfilename, strerror(errno));
+				DecoderSession_destroy(d, /*error_occurred=*/true);
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(analysis_mode)
+		flac__analyze_init(aopts);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void DecoderSession_destroy(DecoderSession *d, FLAC__bool error_occurred)
+{
+	if(0 != d->fout && d->fout != stdout) {
+		fclose(d->fout);
+		if(error_occurred)
+			unlink(d->outfilename);
+	}
+}
+
+FLAC__bool DecoderSession_init_decoder(DecoderSession *decoder_session, const char *infilename)
+{
+	FLAC__StreamDecoderInitStatus init_status;
+	FLAC__uint32 test = 1;
+
+	is_big_endian_host_ = (*((FLAC__byte*)(&test)))? false : true;
+
+	if(!decoder_session->analysis_mode && !decoder_session->test_only && (decoder_session->is_wave_out || decoder_session->is_aiff_out)) {
+		if(decoder_session->foreign_metadata) {
+			const char *error;
+			if(!flac__foreign_metadata_read_from_flac(decoder_session->foreign_metadata, infilename, &error)) {
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR reading foreign metadata: %s\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, error);
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	decoder_session->decoder = FLAC__stream_decoder_new();
+
+	if(0 == decoder_session->decoder) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR creating the decoder instance\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	FLAC__stream_decoder_set_md5_checking(decoder_session->decoder, true);
+	if (0 != decoder_session->cue_specification)
+		FLAC__stream_decoder_set_metadata_respond(decoder_session->decoder, FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_CUESHEET);
+	if (decoder_session->replaygain.spec.apply)
+		FLAC__stream_decoder_set_metadata_respond(decoder_session->decoder, FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_VORBIS_COMMENT);
+
+#if FLAC__HAS_OGG
+	if(decoder_session->is_ogg) {
+		if(!decoder_session->use_first_serial_number)
+			FLAC__stream_decoder_set_ogg_serial_number(decoder_session->decoder, decoder_session->serial_number);
+		init_status = FLAC__stream_decoder_init_ogg_file(decoder_session->decoder, strcmp(infilename, "-")? infilename : 0, write_callback, metadata_callback, error_callback, /*client_data=*/decoder_session);
+	}
+	else
+#endif
+	{
+		init_status = FLAC__stream_decoder_init_file(decoder_session->decoder, strcmp(infilename, "-")? infilename : 0, write_callback, metadata_callback, error_callback, /*client_data=*/decoder_session);
+	}
+
+	if(init_status != FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_INIT_STATUS_OK) {
+		print_error_with_init_status(decoder_session, "ERROR initializing decoder", init_status);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool DecoderSession_process(DecoderSession *d)
+{
+	if(!FLAC__stream_decoder_process_until_end_of_metadata(d->decoder)) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 2, "\n");
+		print_error_with_state(d, "ERROR while decoding metadata");
+		return false;
+	}
+	if(FLAC__stream_decoder_get_state(d->decoder) > FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_END_OF_STREAM) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 2, "\n");
+		print_error_with_state(d, "ERROR during metadata decoding");
+		if(!d->continue_through_decode_errors)
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	if(d->abort_flag)
+		return false;
+
+	/* set channel mapping */
+	if(!d->channel_map_none) {
+		/* currently FLAC order matches SMPTE/WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE order, so no reordering is necessary; see encode.c */
+		/* only the channel mask must be set if it was not already picked up from the WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_CHANNEL_MASK tag */
+		if(d->channels == 1) {
+			if(d->channel_mask == 0)
+				d->channel_mask = 0x0001;
+		}
+		else if(d->channels == 2) {
+			if(d->channel_mask == 0)
+				d->channel_mask = 0x0003;
+		}
+		else if(d->channels == 3) {
+			if(d->channel_mask == 0)
+				d->channel_mask = 0x0007;
+		}
+		else if(d->channels == 4) {
+			if(d->channel_mask == 0)
+				d->channel_mask = 0x0033;
+		}
+		else if(d->channels == 5) {
+			if(d->channel_mask == 0)
+				d->channel_mask = 0x0607;
+		}
+		else if(d->channels == 6) {
+			if(d->channel_mask == 0)
+				d->channel_mask = 0x060f;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* write the WAVE/AIFF headers if necessary */
+	if(!d->analysis_mode && !d->test_only && (d->is_wave_out || d->is_aiff_out)) {
+		if(!write_iff_headers(d->fout, d, d->total_samples)) {
+			d->abort_flag = true;
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(d->skip_specification->value.samples > 0) {
+		const FLAC__uint64 skip = (FLAC__uint64)d->skip_specification->value.samples;
+
+		if(!FLAC__stream_decoder_seek_absolute(d->decoder, skip)) {
+			print_error_with_state(d, "ERROR seeking while skipping bytes");
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	if(!FLAC__stream_decoder_process_until_end_of_stream(d->decoder) && !d->aborting_due_to_until) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 2, "\n");
+		print_error_with_state(d, "ERROR while decoding data");
+		if(!d->continue_through_decode_errors)
+			return false;
+	}
+	if(
+		(d->abort_flag && !(d->aborting_due_to_until || d->continue_through_decode_errors)) ||
+		(FLAC__stream_decoder_get_state(d->decoder) > FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_END_OF_STREAM && !d->aborting_due_to_until)
+	) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 2, "\n");
+		print_error_with_state(d, "ERROR during decoding");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if(!d->analysis_mode && !d->test_only && (d->is_wave_out || d->is_aiff_out) && ((d->total_samples * d->channels * ((d->bps+7)/8)) & 1)) {
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("\000", 1, 1, d->fout) != 1) {
+			print_error_with_state(d, d->is_wave_out?
+				"ERROR writing pad byte to WAVE data chunk" :
+				"ERROR writing pad byte to AIFF SSND chunk"
+			);
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+int DecoderSession_finish_ok(DecoderSession *d)
+{
+	FLAC__bool ok = true, md5_failure = false;
+
+	if(d->decoder) {
+		md5_failure = !FLAC__stream_decoder_finish(d->decoder) && !d->aborting_due_to_until;
+		print_stats(d);
+		FLAC__stream_decoder_delete(d->decoder);
+	}
+	if(d->analysis_mode)
+		flac__analyze_finish(d->aopts);
+	if(md5_failure) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "\r%s: ERROR, MD5 signature mismatch\n", d->inbasefilename);
+		ok = d->continue_through_decode_errors;
+	}
+	else {
+		if(!d->got_stream_info) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "\r%s: WARNING, cannot check MD5 signature since there was no STREAMINFO\n", d->inbasefilename);
+			ok = !d->treat_warnings_as_errors;
+		}
+		else if(!d->has_md5sum) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "\r%s: WARNING, cannot check MD5 signature since it was unset in the STREAMINFO\n", d->inbasefilename);
+			ok = !d->treat_warnings_as_errors;
+		}
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 2, "\r%s: %s         \n", d->inbasefilename, d->test_only? "ok           ":d->analysis_mode?"done           ":"done");
+	}
+	DecoderSession_destroy(d, /*error_occurred=*/!ok);
+	if(!d->analysis_mode && !d->test_only && (d->is_wave_out || d->is_aiff_out)) {
+		if(d->iff_headers_need_fixup || (!d->got_stream_info && strcmp(d->outfilename, "-"))) {
+			if(!fixup_iff_headers(d))
+				return 1;
+		}
+		if(d->foreign_metadata) {
+			const char *error;
+			if(!flac__foreign_metadata_write_to_iff(d->foreign_metadata, d->infilename, d->outfilename, d->fm_offset1, d->fm_offset2, d->fm_offset3, &error)) {
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "ERROR updating foreign metadata from %s to %s: %s\n", d->infilename, d->outfilename, error);
+				return 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ok? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+int DecoderSession_finish_error(DecoderSession *d)
+{
+	if(d->decoder) {
+		(void)FLAC__stream_decoder_finish(d->decoder);
+		FLAC__stream_decoder_delete(d->decoder);
+	}
+	if(d->analysis_mode)
+		flac__analyze_finish(d->aopts);
+	DecoderSession_destroy(d, /*error_occurred=*/true);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool canonicalize_until_specification(utils__SkipUntilSpecification *spec, const char *inbasefilename, unsigned sample_rate, FLAC__uint64 skip, FLAC__uint64 total_samples_in_input)
+{
+	/* convert from mm:ss.sss to sample number if necessary */
+	flac__utils_canonicalize_skip_until_specification(spec, sample_rate);
+
+	/* special case: if "--until=-0", use the special value '0' to mean "end-of-stream" */
+	if(spec->is_relative && spec->value.samples == 0) {
+		spec->is_relative = false;
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/* in any other case the total samples in the input must be known */
+	if(total_samples_in_input == 0) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, cannot use --until when FLAC metadata has total sample count of 0\n", inbasefilename);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	FLAC__ASSERT(spec->value_is_samples);
+
+	/* convert relative specifications to absolute */
+	if(spec->is_relative) {
+		if(spec->value.samples <= 0)
+			spec->value.samples += (FLAC__int64)total_samples_in_input;
+		else
+			spec->value.samples += skip;
+		spec->is_relative = false;
+	}
+
+	/* error check */
+	if(spec->value.samples < 0) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, --until value is before beginning of input\n", inbasefilename);
+		return false;
+	}
+	if((FLAC__uint64)spec->value.samples <= skip) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, --until value is before --skip point\n", inbasefilename);
+		return false;
+	}
+	if((FLAC__uint64)spec->value.samples > total_samples_in_input) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, --until value is after end of input\n", inbasefilename);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_iff_headers(FILE *f, DecoderSession *decoder_session, FLAC__uint64 samples)
+{
+	const char *fmt_desc = decoder_session->is_wave_out? "WAVE" : "AIFF";
+	const FLAC__bool is_waveformatextensible = decoder_session->is_wave_out && (decoder_session->channel_mask == 2 || decoder_session->channel_mask > 3 || decoder_session->bps%8 || decoder_session->channels > 2);
+	FLAC__uint64 data_size = samples * decoder_session->channels * ((decoder_session->bps+7)/8);
+	const FLAC__uint32 aligned_data_size = (FLAC__uint32)((data_size+1) & (~1U)); /* we'll check for overflow later */
+
+	unsigned foreign_metadata_size = 0; /* size of all non-audio non-fmt/COMM foreign metadata chunks */
+	foreign_metadata_t *fm = decoder_session->foreign_metadata;
+	size_t i;
+
+	if(samples == 0) {
+		if(f == stdout) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: WARNING, don't have accurate sample count available for %s header.\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, fmt_desc);
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "             Generated %s file will have a data chunk size of 0.  Try\n", fmt_desc);
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "             decoding directly to a file instead.\n");
+			if(decoder_session->treat_warnings_as_errors)
+				return false;
+		}
+		else {
+			decoder_session->iff_headers_need_fixup = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(fm) {
+		FLAC__ASSERT(fm->format_block);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(fm->audio_block);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(fm->format_block < fm->audio_block);
+		/* calc foreign metadata size; for RIFF/AIFF we always skip the first chunk, format chunk, and sound chunk since we write our own */
+		for(i = 1; i < fm->num_blocks; i++) {
+			if(i != fm->format_block && i != fm->audio_block)
+				foreign_metadata_size += fm->blocks[i].size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(data_size + foreign_metadata_size + 60/*worst-case*/ >= 0xFFFFFFF4) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: stream is too big to fit in a single %s file\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, fmt_desc);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if(decoder_session->is_wave_out) {
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("RIFF", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_little_endian_uint32(f, foreign_metadata_size + aligned_data_size + (is_waveformatextensible?60:36))) /* filesize-8 */
+			return false;
+
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("WAVE", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+			return false;
+
+		decoder_session->fm_offset1 = ftello(f);
+
+		if(fm) {
+			/* seek forward to {allocate} or {skip over already-written chunks} before "fmt " */
+			for(i = 1; i < fm->format_block; i++) {
+				if(fseeko(f, fm->blocks[i].size, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
+					flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: allocating/skipping foreign metadata before \"fmt \"\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+					return false;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(!write_riff_wave_fmt_chunk(f, is_waveformatextensible, decoder_session->bps, decoder_session->channels, decoder_session->sample_rate, decoder_session->channel_mask))
+			return false;
+
+		decoder_session->fm_offset2 = ftello(f);
+
+		if(fm) {
+			/* seek forward to {allocate} or {skip over already-written chunks} after "fmt " but before "data" */
+			for(i = fm->format_block+1; i < fm->audio_block; i++) {
+				if(fseeko(f, fm->blocks[i].size, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
+					flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: allocating/skipping foreign metadata after \"fmt \"\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+					return false;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("data", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_little_endian_uint32(f, (FLAC__uint32)data_size)) /* data size */
+			return false;
+
+		decoder_session->fm_offset3 = ftello(f) + aligned_data_size;
+	}
+	else {
+		FLAC__uint32 ssnd_offset_size = (fm? fm->ssnd_offset_size : 0);
+
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("FORM", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, foreign_metadata_size + aligned_data_size + 46 + ssnd_offset_size)) /* filesize-8 */
+			return false;
+
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("AIFF", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+			return false;
+
+		decoder_session->fm_offset1 = ftello(f);
+
+		if(fm) {
+			/* seek forward to {allocate} or {skip over already-written chunks} before "COMM" */
+			for(i = 1; i < fm->format_block; i++) {
+				if(fseeko(f, fm->blocks[i].size, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
+					flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: allocating/skipping foreign metadata before \"COMM\"\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+					return false;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(!write_aiff_form_comm_chunk(f, samples, decoder_session->bps, decoder_session->channels, decoder_session->sample_rate))
+			return false;
+
+		decoder_session->fm_offset2 = ftello(f);
+
+		if(fm) {
+			/* seek forward to {allocate} or {skip over already-written chunks} after "COMM" but before "SSND" */
+			for(i = fm->format_block+1; i < fm->audio_block; i++) {
+				if(fseeko(f, fm->blocks[i].size, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
+					flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: allocating/skipping foreign metadata after \"COMM\"\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+					return false;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("SSND", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, (FLAC__uint32)data_size + 8 + ssnd_offset_size)) /* data size */
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, ssnd_offset_size))
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, 0/*block_size*/))
+			return false;
+
+		if(ssnd_offset_size) {
+			/* seek forward to {allocate} or {skip over already-written} SSND offset */
+			if(fseeko(f, ssnd_offset_size, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: allocating/skipping \"SSND\" offset\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+
+		decoder_session->fm_offset3 = ftello(f) + aligned_data_size;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_riff_wave_fmt_chunk(FILE *f, FLAC__bool is_waveformatextensible, unsigned bps, unsigned channels, unsigned sample_rate, FLAC__uint32 channel_mask)
+{
+	if(flac__utils_fwrite("fmt ", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint32(f, is_waveformatextensible? 40 : 16)) /* chunk size */
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)(is_waveformatextensible? 65534 : 1))) /* compression code */
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)channels))
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint32(f, sample_rate))
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint32(f, sample_rate * channels * ((bps+7) / 8)))
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)(channels * ((bps+7) / 8)))) /* block align */
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_little_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)(((bps+7)/8)*8))) /* bits per sample */
+		return false;
+
+	if(is_waveformatextensible) {
+		if(!write_little_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)22)) /* cbSize */
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_little_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)bps)) /* validBitsPerSample */
+			return false;
+
+		if(!write_little_endian_uint32(f, channel_mask))
+			return false;
+
+		/* GUID = {0x00000001, 0x0000, 0x0010, {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71}} */
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite("\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x10\x00\x80\x00\x00\xaa\x00\x38\x9b\x71", 1, 16, f) != 16)
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_aiff_form_comm_chunk(FILE *f, FLAC__uint64 samples, unsigned bps, unsigned channels, unsigned sample_rate)
+{
+	FLAC__ASSERT(samples <= 0xffffffff);
+
+	if(flac__utils_fwrite("COMM", 1, 4, f) != 4)
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, 18)) /* chunk size = 18 */
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)channels))
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, (FLAC__uint32)samples))
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)bps))
+		return false;
+
+	if(!write_sane_extended(f, sample_rate))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_little_endian_uint16(FILE *f, FLAC__uint16 val)
+{
+	FLAC__byte *b = (FLAC__byte*)(&val);
+	if(is_big_endian_host_) {
+		FLAC__byte tmp;
+		tmp = b[1]; b[1] = b[0]; b[0] = tmp;
+	}
+	return flac__utils_fwrite(b, 1, 2, f) == 2;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_little_endian_uint32(FILE *f, FLAC__uint32 val)
+{
+	FLAC__byte *b = (FLAC__byte*)(&val);
+	if(is_big_endian_host_) {
+		FLAC__byte tmp;
+		tmp = b[3]; b[3] = b[0]; b[0] = tmp;
+		tmp = b[2]; b[2] = b[1]; b[1] = tmp;
+	}
+	return flac__utils_fwrite(b, 1, 4, f) == 4;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_big_endian_uint16(FILE *f, FLAC__uint16 val)
+{
+	FLAC__byte *b = (FLAC__byte*)(&val);
+	if(!is_big_endian_host_) {
+		FLAC__byte tmp;
+		tmp = b[1]; b[1] = b[0]; b[0] = tmp;
+	}
+	return flac__utils_fwrite(b, 1, 2, f) == 2;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_big_endian_uint32(FILE *f, FLAC__uint32 val)
+{
+	FLAC__byte *b = (FLAC__byte*)(&val);
+	if(!is_big_endian_host_) {
+		FLAC__byte tmp;
+		tmp = b[3]; b[3] = b[0]; b[0] = tmp;
+		tmp = b[2]; b[2] = b[1]; b[1] = tmp;
+	}
+	return flac__utils_fwrite(b, 1, 4, f) == 4;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool write_sane_extended(FILE *f, unsigned val)
+	/* Write to 'f' a SANE extended representation of 'val'.  Return false if
+	* the write succeeds; return true otherwise.
+	*
+	* SANE extended is an 80-bit IEEE-754 representation with sign bit, 15 bits
+	* of exponent, and 64 bits of significand (mantissa).  Unlike most IEEE-754
+	* representations, it does not imply a 1 above the MSB of the significand.
+	*
+	* Preconditions:
+	*  val!=0U
+	*/
+{
+	unsigned int shift, exponent;
+
+	FLAC__ASSERT(val!=0U); /* handling 0 would require a special case */
+
+	for(shift= 0U; (val>>(31-shift))==0U; ++shift)
+		;
+	val<<= shift;
+	exponent= 63U-(shift+32U); /* add 32 for unused second word */
+
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint16(f, (FLAC__uint16)(exponent+0x3FFF)))
+		return false;
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, val))
+		return false;
+	if(!write_big_endian_uint32(f, 0)) /* unused second word */
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__bool fixup_iff_headers(DecoderSession *d)
+{
+	const char *fmt_desc = (d->is_wave_out? "WAVE" : "AIFF");
+	FILE *f = fopen(d->outfilename, "r+b"); /* stream is positioned at beginning of file */
+
+	if(0 == f) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "ERROR, couldn't open file %s while fixing up %s chunk size: %s\n", d->outfilename, fmt_desc, strerror(errno));
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if(!write_iff_headers(f, d, d->samples_processed)) {
+		fclose(f);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	fclose(f);
+	return true;
+}
+
+FLAC__StreamDecoderWriteStatus write_callback(const FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder, const FLAC__Frame *frame, const FLAC__int32 * const buffer[], void *client_data)
+{
+	DecoderSession *decoder_session = (DecoderSession*)client_data;
+	FILE *fout = decoder_session->fout;
+	const unsigned bps = frame->header.bits_per_sample, channels = frame->header.channels;
+	const unsigned shift = ((decoder_session->is_wave_out || decoder_session->is_aiff_out) && (bps%8)? 8-(bps%8): 0);
+	FLAC__bool is_big_endian = (decoder_session->is_aiff_out? true : (decoder_session->is_wave_out? false : decoder_session->is_big_endian));
+	FLAC__bool is_unsigned_samples = (decoder_session->is_aiff_out? false : (decoder_session->is_wave_out? bps<=8 : decoder_session->is_unsigned_samples));
+	unsigned wide_samples = frame->header.blocksize, wide_sample, sample, channel, byte;
+	unsigned frame_bytes = 0;
+	static FLAC__int8 s8buffer[FLAC__MAX_BLOCK_SIZE * FLAC__MAX_CHANNELS * sizeof(FLAC__int32)]; /* WATCHOUT: can be up to 2 megs */
+	FLAC__uint8  *u8buffer  = (FLAC__uint8  *)s8buffer;
+	FLAC__int16  *s16buffer = (FLAC__int16  *)s8buffer;
+	FLAC__uint16 *u16buffer = (FLAC__uint16 *)s8buffer;
+	FLAC__int32  *s32buffer = (FLAC__int32  *)s8buffer;
+	FLAC__uint32 *u32buffer = (FLAC__uint32 *)s8buffer;
+	size_t bytes_to_write = 0;
+
+	(void)decoder;
+
+	if(decoder_session->abort_flag)
+		return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+
+	/* sanity-check the bits-per-sample */
+	if(decoder_session->bps) {
+		if(bps != decoder_session->bps) {
+			if(decoder_session->got_stream_info)
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, bits-per-sample is %u in frame but %u in STREAMINFO\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, bps, decoder_session->bps);
+			else
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, bits-per-sample is %u in this frame but %u in previous frames\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, bps, decoder_session->bps);
+			if(!decoder_session->continue_through_decode_errors)
+				return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		/* must not have gotten STREAMINFO, save the bps from the frame header */
+		FLAC__ASSERT(!decoder_session->got_stream_info);
+		decoder_session->bps = bps;
+	}
+
+	/* sanity-check the #channels */
+	if(decoder_session->channels) {
+		if(channels != decoder_session->channels) {
+			if(decoder_session->got_stream_info)
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, channels is %u in frame but %u in STREAMINFO\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, channels, decoder_session->channels);
+			else
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, channels is %u in this frame but %u in previous frames\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, channels, decoder_session->channels);
+			if(!decoder_session->continue_through_decode_errors)
+				return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		/* must not have gotten STREAMINFO, save the #channels from the frame header */
+		FLAC__ASSERT(!decoder_session->got_stream_info);
+		decoder_session->channels = channels;
+	}
+
+	/* sanity-check the sample rate */
+	if(decoder_session->sample_rate) {
+		if(frame->header.sample_rate != decoder_session->sample_rate) {
+			if(decoder_session->got_stream_info)
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, sample rate is %u in frame but %u in STREAMINFO\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, frame->header.sample_rate, decoder_session->sample_rate);
+			else
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, sample rate is %u in this frame but %u in previous frames\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, frame->header.sample_rate, decoder_session->sample_rate);
+			if(!decoder_session->continue_through_decode_errors)
+				return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		/* must not have gotten STREAMINFO, save the sample rate from the frame header */
+		FLAC__ASSERT(!decoder_session->got_stream_info);
+		decoder_session->sample_rate = frame->header.sample_rate;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * limit the number of samples to accept based on --until
+	 */
+	FLAC__ASSERT(!decoder_session->skip_specification->is_relative);
+	/* if we never got the total_samples from the metadata, the skip and until specs would never have been canonicalized, so protect against that: */
+	if(decoder_session->skip_specification->is_relative) {
+		if(decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples == 0) /* special case for when no --skip was given */
+			decoder_session->skip_specification->is_relative = false; /* convert to our meaning of beginning-of-stream */
+		else {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, cannot use --skip because the total sample count was not found in the metadata\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+			return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+	if(decoder_session->until_specification->is_relative) {
+		if(decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples == 0) /* special case for when no --until was given */
+			decoder_session->until_specification->is_relative = false; /* convert to our meaning of end-of-stream */
+		else {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, cannot use --until because the total sample count was not found in the metadata\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+			return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+	FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples >= 0);
+	FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples >= 0);
+	if(decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples > 0) {
+		const FLAC__uint64 skip = (FLAC__uint64)decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples;
+		const FLAC__uint64 until = (FLAC__uint64)decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples;
+		const FLAC__uint64 input_samples_passed = skip + decoder_session->samples_processed;
+		FLAC__ASSERT(until >= input_samples_passed);
+		if(input_samples_passed + wide_samples > until)
+			wide_samples = (unsigned)(until - input_samples_passed);
+		if (wide_samples == 0) {
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			decoder_session->aborting_due_to_until = true;
+			return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(decoder_session->analysis_mode) {
+		FLAC__uint64 dpos;
+		FLAC__stream_decoder_get_decode_position(decoder_session->decoder, &dpos);
+		frame_bytes = (unsigned)(dpos-decoder_session->decode_position);
+		decoder_session->decode_position = dpos;
+	}
+
+	if(wide_samples > 0) {
+		decoder_session->samples_processed += wide_samples;
+		decoder_session->frame_counter++;
+
+		if(!(decoder_session->frame_counter & 0x3f))
+			print_stats(decoder_session);
+
+		if(decoder_session->analysis_mode) {
+			flac__analyze_frame(frame, decoder_session->frame_counter-1, decoder_session->decode_position-frame_bytes, frame_bytes, decoder_session->aopts, fout);
+		}
+		else if(!decoder_session->test_only) {
+			if(shift && !decoder_session->replaygain.apply) {
+				for(wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+					for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++)
+						((FLAC__int32**)buffer)[channel][wide_sample] <<= shift;/*@@@@@@un-const'ing the buffer is hacky but safe*/
+			}
+			if(decoder_session->replaygain.apply) {
+				bytes_to_write = FLAC__replaygain_synthesis__apply_gain(
+					u8buffer,
+					!is_big_endian,
+					is_unsigned_samples,
+					buffer,
+					wide_samples,
+					channels,
+					bps, /* source_bps */
+					bps+shift, /* target_bps */
+					decoder_session->replaygain.scale,
+					decoder_session->replaygain.spec.limiter == RGSS_LIMIT__HARD, /* hard_limit */
+					decoder_session->replaygain.spec.noise_shaping != NOISE_SHAPING_NONE, /* do_dithering */
+					&decoder_session->replaygain.dither_context
+				);
+			}
+			/* first some special code for common cases */
+			else if(is_big_endian == is_big_endian_host_ && !is_unsigned_samples && channels == 2 && bps+shift == 16) {
+				FLAC__int16 *buf1_ = s16buffer + 1;
+				if(is_big_endian)
+					memcpy(s16buffer, ((FLAC__byte*)(buffer[0]))+2, sizeof(FLAC__int32) * wide_samples - 2);
+				else
+					memcpy(s16buffer, buffer[0], sizeof(FLAC__int32) * wide_samples);
+				for(sample = 0; sample < wide_samples; sample++, buf1_+=2)
+					*buf1_ = (FLAC__int16)buffer[1][sample];
+				bytes_to_write = 4 * sample;
+			}
+			else if(is_big_endian == is_big_endian_host_ && !is_unsigned_samples && channels == 1 && bps+shift == 16) {
+				FLAC__int16 *buf1_ = s16buffer;
+				for(sample = 0; sample < wide_samples; sample++)
+					*buf1_++ = (FLAC__int16)buffer[0][sample];
+				bytes_to_write = 2 * sample;
+			}
+			/* generic code for the rest */
+			else if(bps+shift == 16) {
+				if(is_unsigned_samples) {
+					if(channels == 2) {
+						for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++) {
+							u16buffer[sample++] = (FLAC__uint16)(buffer[0][wide_sample] + 0x8000);
+							u16buffer[sample++] = (FLAC__uint16)(buffer[1][wide_sample] + 0x8000);
+						}
+					}
+					else if(channels == 1) {
+						for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+							u16buffer[sample++] = (FLAC__uint16)(buffer[0][wide_sample] + 0x8000);
+					}
+					else { /* works for any 'channels' but above flavors are faster for 1 and 2 */
+						for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+							for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++, sample++)
+								u16buffer[sample] = (FLAC__uint16)(buffer[channel][wide_sample] + 0x8000);
+					}
+				}
+				else {
+					if(channels == 2) {
+						for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++) {
+							s16buffer[sample++] = (FLAC__int16)(buffer[0][wide_sample]);
+							s16buffer[sample++] = (FLAC__int16)(buffer[1][wide_sample]);
+						}
+					}
+					else if(channels == 1) {
+						for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+							s16buffer[sample++] = (FLAC__int16)(buffer[0][wide_sample]);
+					}
+					else { /* works for any 'channels' but above flavors are faster for 1 and 2 */
+						for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+							for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++, sample++)
+								s16buffer[sample] = (FLAC__int16)(buffer[channel][wide_sample]);
+					}
+				}
+				if(is_big_endian != is_big_endian_host_) {
+					unsigned char tmp;
+					const unsigned bytes = sample * 2;
+					for(byte = 0; byte < bytes; byte += 2) {
+						tmp = u8buffer[byte];
+						u8buffer[byte] = u8buffer[byte+1];
+						u8buffer[byte+1] = tmp;
+					}
+				}
+				bytes_to_write = 2 * sample;
+			}
+			else if(bps+shift == 24) {
+				if(is_unsigned_samples) {
+					for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+						for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++, sample++)
+							u32buffer[sample] = buffer[channel][wide_sample] + 0x800000;
+				}
+				else {
+					for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+						for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++, sample++)
+							s32buffer[sample] = buffer[channel][wide_sample];
+				}
+				if(is_big_endian != is_big_endian_host_) {
+					unsigned char tmp;
+					const unsigned bytes = sample * 4;
+					for(byte = 0; byte < bytes; byte += 4) {
+						tmp = u8buffer[byte];
+						u8buffer[byte] = u8buffer[byte+3];
+						u8buffer[byte+3] = tmp;
+						tmp = u8buffer[byte+1];
+						u8buffer[byte+1] = u8buffer[byte+2];
+						u8buffer[byte+2] = tmp;
+					}
+				}
+				if(is_big_endian) {
+					unsigned lbyte;
+					const unsigned bytes = sample * 4;
+					for(lbyte = byte = 0; byte < bytes; ) {
+						byte++;
+						u8buffer[lbyte++] = u8buffer[byte++];
+						u8buffer[lbyte++] = u8buffer[byte++];
+						u8buffer[lbyte++] = u8buffer[byte++];
+					}
+				}
+				else {
+					unsigned lbyte;
+					const unsigned bytes = sample * 4;
+					for(lbyte = byte = 0; byte < bytes; ) {
+						u8buffer[lbyte++] = u8buffer[byte++];
+						u8buffer[lbyte++] = u8buffer[byte++];
+						u8buffer[lbyte++] = u8buffer[byte++];
+						byte++;
+					}
+				}
+				bytes_to_write = 3 * sample;
+			}
+			else if(bps+shift == 8) {
+				if(is_unsigned_samples) {
+					for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+						for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++, sample++)
+							u8buffer[sample] = (FLAC__uint8)(buffer[channel][wide_sample] + 0x80);
+				}
+				else {
+					for(sample = wide_sample = 0; wide_sample < wide_samples; wide_sample++)
+						for(channel = 0; channel < channels; channel++, sample++)
+							s8buffer[sample] = (FLAC__int8)(buffer[channel][wide_sample]);
+				}
+				bytes_to_write = sample;
+			}
+			else {
+				FLAC__ASSERT(0);
+				/* double protection */
+				decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+				return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if(bytes_to_write > 0) {
+		if(flac__utils_fwrite(u8buffer, 1, bytes_to_write, fout) != bytes_to_write) {
+			/* if a pipe closed when writing to stdout, we let it go without an error message */
+			if(errno == EPIPE && decoder_session->fout == stdout)
+				decoder_session->aborting_due_to_until = true;
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_ABORT;
+		}
+	}
+	return FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_WRITE_STATUS_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+void metadata_callback(const FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder, const FLAC__StreamMetadata *metadata, void *client_data)
+{
+	DecoderSession *decoder_session = (DecoderSession*)client_data;
+
+	if(decoder_session->analysis_mode)
+		FLAC__stream_decoder_get_decode_position(decoder, &decoder_session->decode_position);
+
+	if(metadata->type == FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_STREAMINFO) {
+		FLAC__uint64 skip, until;
+		decoder_session->got_stream_info = true;
+		decoder_session->has_md5sum = memcmp(metadata->data.stream_info.md5sum, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", 16);
+		decoder_session->bps = metadata->data.stream_info.bits_per_sample;
+		decoder_session->channels = metadata->data.stream_info.channels;
+		decoder_session->sample_rate = metadata->data.stream_info.sample_rate;
+
+		flac__utils_canonicalize_skip_until_specification(decoder_session->skip_specification, decoder_session->sample_rate);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples >= 0);
+		skip = (FLAC__uint64)decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples;
+
+		/* remember, metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples can be 0, meaning 'unknown' */
+		if(metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples > 0 && skip >= metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR trying to --skip more samples than in stream\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			return;
+		}
+		else if(metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples == 0 && skip > 0) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR, can't --skip when FLAC metadata has total sample count of 0\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			return;
+		}
+		FLAC__ASSERT(skip == 0 || 0 == decoder_session->cue_specification);
+		decoder_session->total_samples = metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples - skip;
+
+		/* note that we use metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples instead of decoder_session->total_samples */
+		if(!canonicalize_until_specification(decoder_session->until_specification, decoder_session->inbasefilename, decoder_session->sample_rate, skip, metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples)) {
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			return;
+		}
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples >= 0);
+		until = (FLAC__uint64)decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples;
+
+		if(until > 0) {
+			FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->total_samples != 0);
+			FLAC__ASSERT(0 == decoder_session->cue_specification);
+			decoder_session->total_samples -= (metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples - until);
+		}
+
+		if(decoder_session->bps < 4 || decoder_session->bps > 24) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR: bits per sample is %u, must be 4-24\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, decoder_session->bps);
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	else if(metadata->type == FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_CUESHEET) {
+		/* remember, at this point, decoder_session->total_samples can be 0, meaning 'unknown' */
+		if(decoder_session->total_samples == 0) {
+			flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: ERROR can't use --cue when FLAC metadata has total sample count of 0\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+			decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+			return;
+		}
+
+		flac__utils_canonicalize_cue_specification(decoder_session->cue_specification, &metadata->data.cue_sheet, decoder_session->total_samples, decoder_session->skip_specification, decoder_session->until_specification);
+
+		FLAC__ASSERT(!decoder_session->skip_specification->is_relative);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->skip_specification->value_is_samples);
+
+		FLAC__ASSERT(!decoder_session->until_specification->is_relative);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->until_specification->value_is_samples);
+
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples >= 0);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples >= 0);
+		FLAC__ASSERT((FLAC__uint64)decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples <= decoder_session->total_samples);
+		FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples <= decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples);
+
+		decoder_session->total_samples = decoder_session->until_specification->value.samples - decoder_session->skip_specification->value.samples;
+	}
+	else if(metadata->type == FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_VORBIS_COMMENT) {
+		if (decoder_session->replaygain.spec.apply) {
+			double reference, gain, peak;
+			if (!(decoder_session->replaygain.apply = grabbag__replaygain_load_from_vorbiscomment(metadata, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.use_album_gain, /*strict=*/false, &reference, &gain, &peak))) {
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: WARNING: can't get %s (or even %s) ReplayGain tags\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.use_album_gain? "album":"track", decoder_session->replaygain.spec.use_album_gain? "track":"album");
+				if(decoder_session->treat_warnings_as_errors) {
+					decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+					return;
+				}
+			}
+			else {
+				const char *ls[] = { "no", "peak", "hard" };
+				const char *ns[] = { "no", "low", "medium", "high" };
+				decoder_session->replaygain.scale = grabbag__replaygain_compute_scale_factor(peak, gain, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.preamp, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.limiter == RGSS_LIMIT__PEAK);
+				FLAC__ASSERT(decoder_session->bps > 0 && decoder_session->bps <= 32);
+				FLAC__replaygain_synthesis__init_dither_context(&decoder_session->replaygain.dither_context, decoder_session->bps, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.noise_shaping);
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: INFO: applying %s ReplayGain (gain=%0.2fdB+preamp=%0.1fdB, %s noise shaping, %s limiting) to output\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.use_album_gain? "album":"track", gain, decoder_session->replaygain.spec.preamp, ns[decoder_session->replaygain.spec.noise_shaping], ls[decoder_session->replaygain.spec.limiter]);
+				flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: WARNING: applying ReplayGain is not lossless\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename);
+				/* don't check if(decoder_session->treat_warnings_as_errors) because the user explicitly asked for it */
+			}
+		}
+		(void)flac__utils_get_channel_mask_tag(metadata, &decoder_session->channel_mask);
+	}
+}
+
+void error_callback(const FLAC__StreamDecoder *decoder, FLAC__StreamDecoderErrorStatus status, void *client_data)
+{
+	DecoderSession *decoder_session = (DecoderSession*)client_data;
+	(void)decoder;
+	flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%s: *** Got error code %d:%s\n", decoder_session->inbasefilename, status, FLAC__StreamDecoderErrorStatusString[status]);
+	if(!decoder_session->continue_through_decode_errors) {
+		decoder_session->abort_flag = true;
+		if(status == FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_ERROR_STATUS_UNPARSEABLE_STREAM)
+			decoder_session->aborting_due_to_unparseable = true;
+	}
+}
+
+void print_error_with_init_status(const DecoderSession *d, const char *message, FLAC__StreamDecoderInitStatus init_status)
+{
+	const int ilen = strlen(d->inbasefilename) + 1;
+
+	flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "\n%s: %s\n", d->inbasefilename, message);
+
+	flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%*s init status = %s\n", ilen, "", FLAC__StreamDecoderInitStatusString[init_status]);
+
+	/* print out some more info for some errors: */
+	if (init_status == FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_INIT_STATUS_ERROR_OPENING_FILE) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1,
+			"\n"
+			"An error occurred opening the input file; it is likely that it does not exist\n"
+			"or is not readable.\n"
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+void print_error_with_state(const DecoderSession *d, const char *message)
+{
+	const int ilen = strlen(d->inbasefilename) + 1;
+
+	flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "\n%s: %s\n", d->inbasefilename, message);
+	flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1, "%*s state = %s\n", ilen, "", FLAC__stream_decoder_get_resolved_state_string(d->decoder));
+
+	/* print out some more info for some errors: */
+	if (d->aborting_due_to_unparseable) {
+		flac__utils_printf(stderr, 1,
+			"\n"
+			"The FLAC stream may have been created by a more advanced encoder.  Try\n"
+			"  metaflac --show-vendor-tag %s\n"
+			"If the version number is greater than %s, this decoder is probably\n"
+			"not able to decode the file.  If the version number is not, the file\n"
+			"may be corrupted, or you may have found a bug.  In this case please\n"
+			"submit a bug report to\n"
+			"    http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?func=addbug&group_id=13478\n"
+			"Make sure to use the \"Monitor\" feature to monitor the bug status.\n",
+			d->inbasefilename, FLAC__VERSION_STRING
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+void print_stats(const DecoderSession *decoder_session)
+{
+	if(flac__utils_verbosity_ >= 2) {
+#if defined _MSC_VER || defined __MINGW32__
+		/* with MSVC you have to spoon feed it the casting */
+		const double progress = (double)(FLAC__int64)decoder_session->samples_processed / (double)(FLAC__int64)decoder_session->total_samples * 100.0;
+#else
+		const double progress = (double)decoder_session->samples_processed / (double)decoder_session->total_samples * 100.0;
+#endif
+		if(decoder_session->total_samples > 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "\r%s: %s%u%% complete",
+				decoder_session->inbasefilename,
+				decoder_session->test_only? "testing, " : decoder_session->analysis_mode? "analyzing, " : "",
+				(unsigned)floor(progress + 0.5)
+			);
+		}
+		else {
+			fprintf(stderr, "\r%s: %s %u samples",
+				decoder_session->inbasefilename,
+				decoder_session->test_only? "tested" : decoder_session->analysis_mode? "analyzed" : "wrote",
+				(unsigned)decoder_session->samples_processed
+			);
+		}
+	}
+}