# HG changeset patch # User Paulo Chiliguano # Date 1436631445 -3600 # Node ID cb62e1df4493aaa434522d89003025eff5f764c3 # Parent 8abe4f74db584d6c80c4035c180aef7346320113 Report diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch1/ch1.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch1/ch1.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +\relax +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{7}} +\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}Outline of the thesis}{8}} +\@setckpt{ch1/ch1}{ +\setcounter{page}{9} +\setcounter{equation}{0} +\setcounter{enumi}{0} +\setcounter{enumii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiv}{0} +\setcounter{footnote}{0} +\setcounter{mpfootnote}{0} +\setcounter{part}{0} +\setcounter{chapter}{1} +\setcounter{section}{1} +\setcounter{subsection}{0} +\setcounter{subsubsection}{0} +\setcounter{paragraph}{0} +\setcounter{subparagraph}{0} +\setcounter{figure}{0} +\setcounter{table}{0} +} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch1/ch1.log --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch1/ch1.log Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1675 @@ +This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.15 (MiKTeX 2.9 64-bit) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2015.1.29) 30 JAN 2015 13:46 +entering extended mode +**ch1.tex +(ch1.tex +LaTeX2e <2014/05/01> +Babel <3.9l> and hyphenation patterns for 68 languages loaded. +! 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LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.9 T + he evaluation of the system will be assessed from the item ratings done... + +You're in trouble here. 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Undefined control sequence. +l.12 \section + {Outline of the thesis} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.12 \section{O + utline of the thesis} +You're in trouble here. 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In order to achieve high performance, there is the need of hybridization of two or more recommendation techniques. + +This project is going to examine a different approach to develop a hybrid music recommender system in order to suggest audio tracks that would be appealing and enjoyable to the user. This system will combine two recommendation techniques. The first one is content-based technique to obtain acoustical features and metadata (ID3) from a music tracks library, and the second one would be a collaborative filtering technique to recognize music preferences on the basis of users social media profiles e.g. Twitter, Facebook, Last.fm. + +Deep learning algorithms, such as Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machines (CRBMs) or Convolutional Deep Belief Networks (CDBNs), will be considered to extract features from audio files and for music clustering. Social network information will be obtained by crawling user information via Application Program Interface (API) available in many online social networks. These two sources of related data will be integrated considering data fusion techniques. + +The evaluation of the system will be assessed by comparing the results obtained from the hybrid recommender system and the results obtained from a single source based recommender system. + +\section{Outline of the thesis} + +~~~~~\textbf{Chapter 2} covers an introduction to recommender systems, online social networks and information fusion. + +\textbf{Chapter 3} addresses the design of the hybrid recommender system. + +\textbf{Chapter 4} evaluates the performance of the hybrid recommender system. + +\textbf{Chapter 5} describes the results about the application of the hybrid recommender system. The performance is compared to a non-hybrid recommender system based. + +\textbf{Chapter 6} presents the conclusion and some thoughts for further research. \ No newline at end of file diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch2/ch2.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch2/ch2.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +\relax +\citation{Lops11} +\citation{Burke02} +\citation{Yoshii08} +\citation{Lee09} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Background}{9}} +\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Recommender Systems}{9}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}Content-based Recommender Systems}{9}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}Collaborative filtering Recommender System}{9}} +\citation{JCC4:JCC4393} +\citation{Castanedo13} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.3}Hybrid Recommender Systems}{10}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Online Social Networks}{10}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.1}APIs}{10}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Data Fusion Techniques}{10}} +\@setckpt{ch2/ch2}{ +\setcounter{page}{11} +\setcounter{equation}{0} +\setcounter{enumi}{0} +\setcounter{enumii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiv}{0} +\setcounter{footnote}{0} +\setcounter{mpfootnote}{0} +\setcounter{part}{0} +\setcounter{chapter}{2} +\setcounter{section}{3} +\setcounter{subsection}{0} +\setcounter{subsubsection}{0} +\setcounter{paragraph}{0} +\setcounter{subparagraph}{0} +\setcounter{figure}{0} +\setcounter{table}{0} +} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch2/ch2.log --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch2/ch2.log Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1953 @@ +This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.15 (MiKTeX 2.9 64-bit) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2015.1.29) 10 JUN 2015 11:05 +entering extended mode +**ch2.tex +(ch2.tex +LaTeX2e <2014/05/01> +Babel <3.9l> and hyphenation patterns for 68 languages loaded. +! 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LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.5 R + ecommender systems are software or technical facilities that provide it... + +You're in trouble here. 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+ +Overfull \hbox (20.0pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 5--6 +[] + [] + + +! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.7 R + ecommender systems can be classified in two groups: Content-based syste... + +You're in trouble here. 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+ +Overfull \hbox (20.0pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 7--8 +[] + [] + +! Undefined control sequence. +l.9 \subsection + {Content-based Recommender Systems} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.9 \subsection{C + ontent-based Recommender Systems} +You're in trouble here. 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Undefined control sequence. + ...: Citation `\@citeb ' on page \thepage + \space undefined\on@line . +l.10 ... of the user on this object. \cite{Lops11} + +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +LaTeX Warning: Citation `Lops11' on page undefined on input line 10. + +Missing character: There is no ] in font nullfont! + +Overfull \hbox (20.0pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 9--11 +[] + [] + + +Overfull \hbox (5.43053pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 9--11 +[] + [] + +! Undefined control sequence. +l.12 \subsection + {Collaborative filtering Recommender System} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). 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Undefined control sequence. + ...: Citation `\@citeb ' on page \thepage + \space undefined\on@line . +l.13 ...atings to make predictions. \cite{Burke02} + +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +LaTeX Warning: Citation `Burke02' on page undefined on input line 13. + +Missing character: There is no ] in font nullfont! + +Overfull \hbox (20.0pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 12--14 +[] + [] + + +Overfull \hbox (5.43053pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 12--14 +[] + [] + +! Undefined control sequence. +l.15 \subsection + {Hybrid Recommender Systems} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). 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Undefined control sequence. + ...: Citation `\@citeb ' on page \thepage + \space undefined\on@line . +l.16 ...pectral features of audio. \cite{Yoshii08} + +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +LaTeX Warning: Citation `Yoshii08' on page undefined on input line 16. + +Missing character: There is no ] in font nullfont! + +Overfull \hbox (20.0pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 15--17 +[] + [] + + +Overfull \hbox (5.43053pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 15--17 +[] + [] + +! Undefined control sequence. +l.18 \section + {Online Social Networks} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). 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Undefined control sequence. + ...: Citation `\@citeb ' on page \thepage + \space undefined\on@line . +l.19 ...s within the system” \cite{JCC4:JCC4393} + . +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +LaTeX Warning: Citation `JCC4:JCC4393' on page undefined on input line 19. + +Missing character: There is no ] in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no . in font nullfont! + +Overfull \hbox (20.0pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 18--20 +[] + [] + + +Overfull \hbox (5.43053pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 18--20 +[] + [] + +! Undefined control sequence. +l.21 \subsection + {APIs} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.21 \subsection{A + PIs} +You're in trouble here. Try typing to proceed. +If that doesn't work, type X to quit. + +Missing character: There is no A in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no P in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no I in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no s in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no T in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no h in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no e in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no p in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no u in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no b in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no l in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no i in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no c in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no l in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no y in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no a in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no v in font nullfont! +Missing character: There is no a in font nullfont! 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Undefined control sequence. +l.24 \section + {Data Fusion Techniques} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). Otherwise just continue, +and I'll forget about whatever was undefined. + + +! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}. + +See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. +Type H for immediate help. + ... + +l.24 \section{D + ata Fusion Techniques} +You're in trouble here. 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These systems play an important role in commercial applications to increase sales and user satisfaction. + +Recommender systems can be classified in two groups: Content-based systems and Collaborative filtering systems. + +\subsection{Content-based Recommender Systems} +Content-based recommender systems build an user profile by analysing user rated items. This profile is then processed to be correlated with another item to compute the interest of the user on this object. \cite{Lops11} + +\subsection{Collaborative filtering Recommender System} +In collaborative filtering, recommendations are based on similarities between user's ratings. A model is built from a priori ratings to make predictions. \cite{Burke02} + +\subsection{Hybrid Recommender Systems} +Hybrid recommendation is based on the combination of techniques mentioned above, by using the advantages of one system to compensate the disadvantages of the other system. +This project integrates item ratings from users and spectral features of audio and is based on a three-way aspect model \cite{Yoshii08}. Real item ratings are obtained through Last.fm API and spectral information are represented by convolutional deep belief networks (CDBN) features computed from items' spectrogram \cite{Lee09}. + +\section{Online Social Networks} +Social network sites (SNSs) are “web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system”. \cite{JCC4:JCC4393} + +\subsection{APIs} +The publicly available music related information can be collected from user profiles on social networks using Application Program Interface (API). + +\section{Data Fusion Techniques} +Combination of multiple sources of information to obtain more relevant parameters is known as data fusion. +In this study, a cooperative data fusion technique is considered to augment information provided from social network source to content-based system features. \cite{Castanedo13} \ No newline at end of file diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch3/ch3.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch3/ch3.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +\relax +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}Main contribution}{11}} +\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}Methods}{11}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.1}Content based modelling}{11}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.2}Collaborative filtering}{11}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}Algorithms}{11}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}Deep Belief Networks}{11}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{Convolutional Deep Belief Network (CDBN)}{11}} +\@setckpt{ch3/ch3}{ +\setcounter{page}{12} 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+\section{Algorithms} +\subsection{Deep Belief Networks} +Deep belief network is a probabilistic model that has one observed layer and several hidden layers. +\subsubsection{Convolutional Deep Belief Network (CDBN)} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch4/ch4.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch4/ch4.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +\relax +\citation{export:115396} +\citation{1242} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Experiments}{12}} +\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Evaluation for recommender systems}{12}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.1}Types of experiments}{12}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Evaluation settings}{13}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.1}Dataset}{13}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline 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Undefined control sequence. +l.22 \subsection + {Experimentation aims} +The control sequence at the end of the top line +of your error message was never \def'ed. If you have +misspelled it (e.g., `\hobx'), type `I' and the correct +spelling (e.g., `I\hbox'). 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Emergency stop. +<*> ch4.tex + +*** (job aborted, no legal \end found) + + +Here is how much of TeX's memory you used: + 13 strings out of 493698 + 129 string characters out of 3144412 + 53149 words of memory out of 3000000 + 3438 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+200000 + 3948 words of font info for 15 fonts, out of 3000000 for 9000 + 1025 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191 + 20i,2n,26p,254b,107s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,50000s +! ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced! diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch4/ch4.tex --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch4/ch4.tex Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +\chapter{Experiments} +\section{Evaluation for recommender systems} + +\subsection{Types of experiments} +The scenarios for experiments requires to define an hypothesis, controlling variables and generalization of the results. Three types of experiments \cite{export:115396} can be used to compare and evaluate recommender algorithms: +\begin{itemize} +\item \textbf{Offline experiments:} where recorded historic data of users' ratings are used to simulate online users behaviour. The aim of this type of experiment is to refine approaches before testing with real users. On the other hand, results may have biases due to distribution of users. +\item \textbf{User studies:} where test subjects interact with the recommendation system and its behaviour is recorded giving a large sets of quantitative measurements. One disadvantage of this type of experiment is to recruit subjects that represent the population of the users of the real recommendation system. +\item \textbf{Online evaluation:} where the designer of the recommender application expect to influence the users' behaviour. Usually, this type of evaluation are run after extensive offline studies. +\end{itemize} +Also, evaluation for recommender systems can be classified \cite{1242} in: +\begin{itemize} +\item \textbf{System-centric evaluation:} The accuracy is based only on users' dataset. +\item \textbf{Network-centric evaluation:} Other components of the recommendation system such as diversity of recommendations are measured as a complement of the metrics of system-centric evaluation. +\item \textbf{User-centric evaluation:} The perceived quality and usefulness of recommendations for the users are measured via provided feedback. +\end{itemize} +\section{Evaluation settings} +The hybrid recommender system of this project is evaluated with an offline experiment and system-centric metrics. +\subsection{Dataset} +For the purpose of evaluation of the hybrid recommender system the Last.fm Dataset - 1K users because the data format includes timestamps and it is publicly available. A 10-fold cross validation is performed which splits the data set in 90\% for training and 20\% for testing. +\subsection{Evaluation measures} +Because the data set does not include explicit ratings, hence, the number of plays of tracks are used as users's behavious, decision-based metrics are considered. +\subsection{Experimentation aims} +In order to evaluate the performance of the hybrid recommender, the prediction ratings are compared with a model-based collaborative filtering. \ No newline at end of file diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch5/ch5.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch5/ch5.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +\relax +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Results}{14}} +\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@setckpt{ch5/ch5}{ +\setcounter{page}{15} +\setcounter{equation}{0} +\setcounter{enumi}{0} +\setcounter{enumii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiv}{0} +\setcounter{footnote}{0} +\setcounter{mpfootnote}{0} +\setcounter{part}{0} +\setcounter{chapter}{5} +\setcounter{section}{0} +\setcounter{subsection}{3} +\setcounter{subsubsection}{0} +\setcounter{paragraph}{0} +\setcounter{subparagraph}{0} +\setcounter{figure}{0} +\setcounter{table}{0} +} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch5/ch5.tex --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch5/ch5.tex Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1 @@ +\chapter{Results} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch6/ch6.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch6/ch6.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +\relax +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}Conclusion}{15}} +\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }} +\@setckpt{ch6/ch6}{ +\setcounter{page}{16} +\setcounter{equation}{0} +\setcounter{enumi}{0} +\setcounter{enumii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiii}{0} +\setcounter{enumiv}{0} +\setcounter{footnote}{0} +\setcounter{mpfootnote}{0} +\setcounter{part}{0} +\setcounter{chapter}{6} +\setcounter{section}{0} +\setcounter{subsection}{3} +\setcounter{subsubsection}{0} +\setcounter{paragraph}{0} +\setcounter{subparagraph}{0} +\setcounter{figure}{0} +\setcounter{table}{0} +} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/ch6/ch6.tex --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/ch6/ch6.tex Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1 @@ +\chapter{Conclusion} \ No newline at end of file diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.aux --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.aux Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +\relax +\@input{ch1/ch1.aux} +\@input{ch2/ch2.aux} +\@input{ch3/ch3.aux} +\@input{ch4/ch4.aux} +\@input{ch5/ch5.aux} +\@input{ch6/ch6.aux} +\bibstyle{plain} +\bibdata{chiliguano_msc_finalproject} +\bibcite{JCC4:JCC4393}{1} +\bibcite{Burke02}{2} +\bibcite{Castanedo13}{3} +\bibcite{1242}{4} +\bibcite{Lee09}{5} +\bibcite{Lops11}{6} +\bibcite{export:115396}{7} +\bibcite{Yoshii08}{8} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{Bibliography}{16}} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.bbl --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.bbl Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +\begin{thebibliography}{1} + +\bibitem{JCC4:JCC4393} +danah~m. boyd and Nicole~B. Ellison. +\newblock Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. +\newblock {\em Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication}, 13(1):210--230, + 2007. + +\bibitem{Burke02} +R.~Burke. +\newblock Hybrid recommender systems: Survey and experiments. +\newblock {\em User Modelling and User-Adapted Interaction}, 12(4):331--370, + 2002. + +\bibitem{Castanedo13} +F.~Castanedo. +\newblock A review of data fusion techniques. +\newblock {\em The Scientific World Journal}, 2013, 2013. + +\bibitem{1242} +{\`O}.~Celma. +\newblock {\em Music Recommendation and Discovery in the Long Tail}. +\newblock PhD thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 2008. + +\bibitem{Lee09} +H.~Lee, L.~Yan, P.~Pham, and A.~Y. Ng. +\newblock Unsupervised feature learning for audio classification using + convolutional deep belief networks. +\newblock In {\em Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 22 - + Proceedings of the 2009 Conference}, pages 1096--1104, 2009. + +\bibitem{Lops11} +Pasquale Lops, Marco de~Gemmis, and Giovanni Semeraro. +\newblock {\em Content-based Recommender Systems: State of the Art and Trends}, + pages 73--105. +\newblock Springer US, Boston, MA, 2011. + +\bibitem{export:115396} +Guy Shani and Asela Gunawardana. +\newblock Evaluating recommender systems. +\newblock Technical Report MSR-TR-2009-159, November 2009. + +\bibitem{Yoshii08} +K.~Yoshii, M.~Goto, K.~Komatani, T.~Ogata, and H.~G. Okuno. +\newblock An efficient hybrid music recommender system using an incrementally + trainable probabilistic generative model. +\newblock {\em IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing}, + 16(2):435--447, 2008. + +\end{thebibliography} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.bib --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.bib Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + +@inbook{Lops11, + author={Lops,Pasquale and de Gemmis,Marco and Semeraro,Giovanni}, + year={2011}, + title={Content-based Recommender Systems: State of the Art and Trends}, + publisher={Springer US}, + address={Boston, MA}, + pages={73-105}, + abstract={Recommender systems have the effect of guiding users in a personalized way to interesting objects in a large space of possible options. Content-based recommendation systems try to recommend items similar to those a given user has liked in the past. Indeed, the basic process performed by a content-based recommender consists in matching up the attributes of a user profile in which preferences and interests are stored, with the attributes of a content object (item), in order to recommend to the user new interesting items. This chapter provides an overview of content-based recommender systems, with the aim of imposing a degree of order on the diversity of the different aspects involved in their design and implementation. The first part of the chapter presents the basic concepts and terminology of contentbased recommender systems, a high level architecture, and their main advantages and drawbacks. The second part of the chapter provides a review of the state of the art of systems adopted in several application domains, by thoroughly describing both classical and advanced techniques for representing items and user profiles. The most widely adopted techniques for learning user profiles are also presented. The last part of the chapter discusses trends and future research which might lead towards the next generation of systems, by describing the role of User Generated Content as a way for taking into account evolving vocabularies, and the challenge of feeding users with serendipitous recommendations, that is to say surprisingly interesting items that they might not have otherwise discovered.}, + keywords={Computer Science; Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics); User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction; Information Storage and Retrieval; e-Commerce/e-business; Database Management; Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery}, + isbn={0387858199; 9780387858197}, + language={English}, + url={http://qmul.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwzV3PS8MwFA7iyR-gTsX5A3LRi1TTpl2doDDG5g56suIxZEsDA9vN2f3_5iVpWlcRdvO2Dl6b5it5L--97wtCNLgh3sqaEAqeylRFr34ALpRPIkK45Bzk0GkgIf3xntD-MBwkwXNV0K_---fAr0TEcHkZkCr9aqVj1b0yfUJcqUd-PeK5cMbQfjObW4H-L2BVOnAF6FBnmdEdeFFTMXMZGE0kNqSYJ2hgzfNp_XPTKld54YFXBMZjYwyQetCRbdmV0FuY5nbTlVvPPmgOXj37UGYfnV6i3ZhCUfwuUtFGXFsczZkl1s36mm3dXMGrpg2j-6vuAhxvRiuHVRbpV_yY6y5sGoNoWidmQOmgV6CpnonppHhIc-_tVblvPyBw-EVAei49B3XumHZsfV-_StfqNblXcyJWdZ1iN95GaV1HLMk-2gEWC4axqEEfoI00b6G98gwPbJf0FtquCVIeoscfMOIajNjCeI81iHgmsQIRKxCxAhEbEI9QZzhI-iOvHBKbGzET9vdk0WO0y4FqkReakilOEKah2gaIDvdFFIdjtQOQsht2JRE8GquQKGqj2zWf0kbkNwtGmLJg2oJRZmdM_ZoLebr2Q87QVvUBn6PNYrFML9DmZ7b8-Abh729j}, +} +} + +@article{Burke02, + author={Burke,R.}, + year={2002}, + title={Hybrid recommender systems: Survey and experiments}, + journal={User Modelling and User-Adapted Interaction}, + volume={12}, + number={4}, + pages={331-370}, + url={www.scopus.com}, +} +} + +@article{Yoshii08, + author={Yoshii,K. and Goto,M. and Komatani,K. and Ogata,T. and Okuno,H. G.}, + year={2008}, + title={An efficient hybrid music recommender system using an incrementally trainable probabilistic generative model}, + journal={IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing}, + volume={16}, + number={2}, + pages={435-447}, + url={www.scopus.com}, +} +} + +@article {JCC4:JCC4393, +author = {boyd, danah m. and Ellison, Nicole B.}, +title = {Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship}, +journal = {Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication}, +volume = {13}, +number = {1}, +publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Inc}, +issn = {1083-6101}, +url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x}, +doi = {10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x}, +pages = {210--230}, +year = {2007}, +} + +@article{Castanedo13, + author={Castanedo,F.}, + year={2013}, + title={A review of data fusion techniques}, + journal={The Scientific World Journal}, + volume={2013}, + url={www.scopus.com}, +} +} + +@inproceedings{Lee09, + author={Lee,H. and Yan,L. and Pham,P. and Ng,A. Y.}, + editor={ }, + year={2009}, + title={Unsupervised feature learning for audio classification using convolutional deep belief networks}, + booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 22 - Proceedings of the 2009 Conference}, + pages={1096-1104}, + url={www.scopus.com}, +} +} + +@TechReport {export:115396, +abstract = {

Recommender systems are now popular both commercially and in the research + community, where many approaches have been suggested for providing + recommendations. In many cases a system designer that wishes to employ a + recommendation system must choose between a set of candidate approaches. A first + step towards selecting an appropriate algorithm is to decide which properties of + the application to focus upon when making this choice. Indeed, recommendation + systems have a variety of properties that may affect user experience, such as + accuracy, robustness, scalability, and so forth. In this paper we discuss how to + compare recommenders based on a set of properties that are relevant for e + application. We focus on comparative studies, where a few algorithms are compared + using some evaluation metric, rather than absolute benchmarking of algorithms. We + describe experimental settings appropriate for making choices between algorithms. + We review three types of experiments, starting with an offline setting, where + recommendation approaches are compared without user interaction, then reviewing + user studies, where a small group of subjects experiment with the system and + report on the experience, and finally describe large scale online experiments, + where real user populations interact with the system. In each of these cases we + describe types of questions that can be answered, and suggest protocols for + experimentation. We also discuss how to draw trustworthy conclusions from e + conducted experiments. We then review a large set of properties, and explain how + to evaluate systems given relevant properties. We also survey a large set of + evaluation metrics in the context of the property that they evaluate.

}, +author = {Guy Shani and Asela Gunawardana}, +month = {November}, +number = {MSR-TR-2009-159}, +publisher = {Microsoft Research}, +title = {Evaluating Recommender Systems}, +url = {http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/default.aspx?id=115396}, +year = {2009}, +} + +@phdthesis {1242, + title = {Music Recommendation and Discovery in the Long Tail}, + year = {2008}, + school = {Universitat Pompeu Fabra}, + address = {Barcelona}, + abstract = {

+Music consumption is biased towards a few popular artists. For instance, in 2007 only 1\% of +all digital tracks accounted for 80\% of all sales. Similarly, 1,000 albums accounted for 50\% +of all album sales, and 80\% of all albums sold were purchased less than 100 times. There is +a need to assist people to filter, discover, personalise and recommend from the huge amount +of music content available along the Long Tail. +

+

+Current music recommendation algorithms try to +accurately predict what people demand to listen to. However, quite +often these algorithms tend to recommend popular -or well-known to the +user- music, decreasing the effectiveness of the recommendations. These +approaches focus on improving the accuracy of the recommendations. That +is, try to make +accurate predictions about what a user could listen to, or buy next, +independently of how +useful to the user could be the provided recommendations. +

+

+In this Thesis we stress the importance of the user{\textquoteright}s +perceived quality of the recommendations. We model the Long Tail curve +of artist popularity to predict -potentially- +interesting and unknown music, hidden in the tail of the popularity +curve. Effective recommendation systems should promote novel and +relevant material (non-obvious recommendations), taken primarily from +the tail of a popularity distribution. +

+

+The main contributions of this Thesis are: (i) a novel network-based approach for +recommender systems, based on the analysis of the item (or user) similarity graph, and the +popularity of the items, (ii) a user-centric evaluation that measures the user{\textquoteright}s relevance +and novelty of the recommendations, and (iii) two prototype systems that implement the +ideas derived from the theoretical work. Our findings have significant implications for +recommender systems that assist users to explore the Long Tail, digging for content they +might like. +

+}, + url = {static/media/PhD_ocelma.pdf}, + author = {Celma, {\`O}.} +} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.blg --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.blg Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This is BibTeX, Version 0.99dThe top-level auxiliary file: chiliguano_msc_finalproject.aux +A level-1 auxiliary file: ch1/ch1.aux +A level-1 auxiliary file: ch2/ch2.aux +A level-1 auxiliary file: ch3/ch3.aux +A level-1 auxiliary file: ch4/ch4.aux +A level-1 auxiliary file: ch5/ch5.aux +A level-1 auxiliary file: ch6/ch6.aux +The style file: plain.bst +Database file #1: chiliguano_msc_finalproject.bib +Warning--empty institution in export:115396 +(There was 1 warning) diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.dvi Binary file Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.dvi has changed diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.lof --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 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cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.tex --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.tex Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +\documentclass[12pt,draft,spaced,oneside,openright]{qmwphd} +% Final MSc project report using qmwphd.cls +\usepackage{moreverb} % This defines \verbatiminput. +\begin{document} + +\frontmatter + +\author{Paulo Esteban Chiliguano Torres} +\title{Hybrid music recommender using content-based and social information} +\qualification{Master of Science} + +\maketitle +\begin{summary} +. +\end{summary} + +\tableofcontents + +\listoffigures + +% could also have a \listoftables, but this example doesn't include any + +\begin{acknowledgements} +. +\end{acknowledgements} + +\mainmatter +% Start the main context +\include{ch1/ch1} +\include{ch2/ch2} +\include{ch3/ch3} +\include{ch4/ch4} +\include{ch5/ch5} +\include{ch6/ch6} + +\bibliographystyle{plain} +\bibliography{chiliguano_msc_finalproject} + +\backmatter + +\end{document} \ No newline at end of file diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.toc --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/chiliguano_msc_finalproject.toc Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{7} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}Outline of the thesis}{8} +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Background}{9} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Recommender Systems}{9} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}Content-based Recommender Systems}{9} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}Collaborative filtering Recommender System}{9} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.3}Hybrid Recommender Systems}{10} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Online Social Networks}{10} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.1}APIs}{10} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Data Fusion Techniques}{10} +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}Main contribution}{11} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}Methods}{11} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.1}Content based modelling}{11} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.2}Collaborative filtering}{11} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}Algorithms}{11} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}Deep Belief Networks}{11} +\contentsline {subsubsection}{Convolutional Deep Belief Network (CDBN)}{11} +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Experiments}{12} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Evaluation for recommender systems}{12} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.1}Types of experiments}{12} +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Evaluation settings}{13} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.1}Dataset}{13} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.2}Evaluation measures}{13} +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.3}Experimentation aims}{13} +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Results}{14} +\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}Conclusion}{15} +\contentsline {chapter}{Bibliography}{16} diff -r 8abe4f74db58 -r cb62e1df4493 Report/qmwphd.cls --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/Report/qmwphd.cls Sat Jul 11 17:17:25 2015 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,690 @@ +% QMW PhD Thesis Class +% 7.8.1998 +% Modified from: + +% File: ssxdphil.cls +% Author: J. K. Brook +% Date: 1997/03/10 +% Purpose: Sussex D.Phil. Thesis Class + +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} + +\ProvidesClass{qmwphd} + [1997/07/22 QMW DCS PhD Thesis Class] + +% based on 11pt report + +% default font Times-Roman + +\RequirePackage{amsfonts} +\RequirePackage{amssymb} +\RequirePackage{stmaryrd} +\RequirePackage{times} % to get helvetica sans serif - berdine +\RequirePackage{mathptmx} +\DeclareSymbolFont{symbols}{OMS}{cmsy}{m}{n} % to get sane \mathcal + % letters - berdine + +% Defaults to single-spacing throughout to save paper. +% The figure of 1.21 is based on the baselinestretch given in the +% doublespace package for one-and-a-half spacing at 11pt +% (LaTeX Companion p. 53) + +% The spaced option only affects line spacing (and hence page breaks). + +\newcommand{\globalbaselinestretch}{1} + +\DeclareOption{spaced}{% + \AtBeginDocument{% + \renewcommand{\globalbaselinestretch}{1.62} + \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.62}\normalsize + }% +} + +% The draft option centres the text (which works better with dvi viewers), +% prints `DRAFT' at the top of each page and the time and date at the +% bottom and suppresses page numbers (so that the draft thesis +% can be kept in a ring binder and sections replaced with longer or +% shorter versions). It should not affect page breaks. + +\newif\if@draft +\@draftfalse + +\DeclareOption{draft}{% + \@drafttrue% +% \AtBeginDocument{% +% \PassOptionsToClass{openright}{report} +% }% +} + +%-ae \DeclareOption{csrp}{% +%-ae \PassOptionsToClass{twoside}{report}% +%-ae \AtBeginDocument{% +%-ae \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\normalsize +%-ae \let\maketitle\makecover +%-ae }% +%-ae } + +\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{report}} +\ProcessOptions +\LoadClass[11pt,a4paper]{report} + +% defaults for customisable things + +\newcommand{\partnamestyle}{\LARGE\bfseries} +\newcommand{\chapnamestyle}{\LARGE\bfseries} +\newcommand{\secnamestyle}{\large\bfseries} +\newcommand{\subsecnamestyle}{\normalsize\bfseries} +\newcommand{\subsubsecnamestyle}{\normalsize\itshape} +\newcommand{\paranamestyle}{\normalsize\itshape} +\newcommand{\subparanamestyle}{\normalsize\itshape} + +\newcommand{\abstractnamestyle}{\Large\bfseries} +\newcommand{\titlestyle}{\LARGE\bfseries} +\newcommand{\authornamestyle}{\large\bfseries} + +\newcommand{\captionnamestyle}{\normalsize\itshape} +\newcommand{\captionstyle}{\normalsize} + +\newcommand{\prefacename}{Preface} +\newcommand{\summaryname}{Abstract} % U. of London reg.s -ae +\newcommand{\acknowledgementsname}{Acknowledgements} +%-ae \newcommand{\declarationname}{Declaration} +%-ae \newcommand{\signaturename}{Signature} + + +% ae begin. +\newcount\hour +\newcount\minute +\hour=\time +\divide\hour by 60 +\minute=\time +\multiply\hour by 60 +\advance\minute by -\hour +\divide\hour by 60 + +\def\timenow{\number\hour {.}% +\ifnum\minute<10 0\number\minute\else\number\minute\fi} + +\def\today{\number\day\space + \ifcase\month\or January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or + July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi\space + \number\year} + +\def\timetoday{\timenow, \today} +% ae end. + + +% A version of \raggedright that tries its best to balance the rhs of +% the paragraph. + +\newcommand{\balancedraggedright}{% + \raggedright + \rightskip 0pt plus \textwidth + \@rightskip \rightskip + \parfillskip \rightskip +} + +% Chapter-head displays for mainmatter/numbered chapters +% -- based on MIT Press Cognitive Science books + +\renewcommand{\@makechapterhead}[1]{% + \vspace*{1.32cm}% + {\parindent\z@ \balancedraggedright \normalfont + \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne + \chapnamestyle \@chapapp{} \chapnamestyle \thechapter + \par\nobreak + \vskip 1.2ex + \fi + \interlinepenalty\@M + \chapnamestyle #1\par\nobreak + \vskip 2.38cm + \rule{\linewidth}{0.2mm}% + \vskip 15\p@ + }} + +% for unnumbered and frontmatter sections e.g., preface + +\renewcommand{\@makeschapterhead}[1]{% + \vspace*{1.32cm}% + {\parindent \z@ \balancedraggedright + \normalfont + \interlinepenalty\@M + \chapnamestyle #1\par\nobreak + \vskip 1.7ex + }} + +% Chapters run with a blank page before them if necessary to open right. + +\renewcommand\part{% + \clearpage + \thispagestyle{headings} + \if@openright{\cleardoublepage}\fi + \thispagestyle{headings} + \if@twocolumn + \onecolumn + \@tempswatrue + \else + \@tempswafalse + \fi + \secdef\@part\@spart} + + +\def\@part[#1]#2{% + \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax + \refstepcounter{part}% + \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart\hspace{1em}#1}% + \else + \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}% + \fi + \markboth{}{}% + {\vspace*{1.32cm}% + \parindent\z@ \balancedraggedright \normalfont + \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax + \partnamestyle \partname~\thepart + \par\nobreak + \vskip 1.2ex + \fi + \interlinepenalty \@M + \partnamestyle #2\par\nobreak}% + \@endpart} +\def\@spart#1{% + {\vspace*{1.32cm}% + \parindent\z@ \balancedraggedright + \normalfont + \interlinepenalty \@M + \partnamestyle #1\par\nobreak}% + \@endpart} +\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage + \if@twoside + \null + \thispagestyle{headings}% + \newpage + \fi + \if@tempswa + \twocolumn + \fi} + +\renewcommand\chapter{% + \clearpage + \thispagestyle{headings} + \if@openright{\cleardoublepage}\fi + \thispagestyle{headings} + \global\@topnum\z@ + \@afterindentfalse + \secdef\@chapter\@schapter +} + +% Starred chapters update the running head. + +\renewcommand\@schapter[1]{% + \markboth{#1}{}% + \if@twocolumn + \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]% + \else + \@makeschapterhead{#1}% + \@afterheading + \fi +} + +% Regulations: Bound margin no less than 40mm (before binding), +% other margins no less than 20mm. + +\topmargin -0.20in +\textheight 24.3cm +\textwidth 14.8cm + +% The figures below need an inch taken off them because LL decided to +% use DEK's (1in,1in) origin. [Sigh] The draft option centres the +% text for better viewing on xdvi. + +\if@draft + \oddsidemargin 3cm \advance\oddsidemargin by -1in + \evensidemargin 3cm \advance\evensidemargin by -1in +\else + \oddsidemargin 4cm \advance\oddsidemargin by -1in + \evensidemargin 2cm \advance\evensidemargin by -1in +\fi + +% running heads + +\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{% + \markboth{\@chapapp\ \thechapter.\enspace #1}{}% +} +\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{% + \markright{\thesection.\enspace #1}% +} + +% For the one-sided version, we run with: +% +% N.M. Section Title Folio +% +% For the two-sided verso, we run with: +% +% Folio Chapter N. Chapter title +% +% For the two-sided recto, we run with: +% +% N.M. Section Title Folio +% + +\if@draft + \renewcommand{\ps@headings}{% + \renewcommand{\@oddhead}{{\bf DRAFT}% + \hfil\textit\rightmark}% + \renewcommand{\@evenhead}{\textit\leftmark\hfil% + {\bf DRAFT}}% + \renewcommand{\@oddfoot}{\hfil\timetoday---\thepage}% + \renewcommand{\@evenfoot}{\thepage---\timetoday\hfil}% + } +\else + \renewcommand{\ps@headings}{% + \renewcommand{\@oddhead}{\hfil\textit\rightmark\quad\textrm\thepage}% + \renewcommand{\@evenhead}{\textrm\thepage\quad\textit\leftmark\hfil}% + \renewcommand{\@oddfoot}{}% + \renewcommand{\@evenfoot}{\@oddfoot}% + } +\fi + +\pagestyle{headings} + +% A number on every page. -ae + +\if@draft + \renewcommand{\ps@headings}{% + \renewcommand{\@oddhead}{{\bf DRAFT}% + \hfil}% + \renewcommand{\@evenhead}{\hfil% + {\bf DRAFT}}% + \renewcommand{\@oddfoot}{\hfil\timetoday---\thepage}% + \renewcommand{\@evenfoot}{\thepage---\timetoday\hfil}% + } +\else + \renewcommand{\ps@headings}{% + \renewcommand{\@oddhead}{\hfil\thepage}% + \renewcommand{\@evenhead}{\thepage\hfil}% + \renewcommand{\@oddfoot}{}% + \renewcommand{\@evenfoot}{\@oddfoot}% + } +\fi + +% All lists are set in single-spacing (this is a horrid hack!) +% Pablo prefers double spaced lists. +%\let\qmwphd@list=\list +%\renewcommand{\list}{% +% \par +% \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\@currsize +% \qmwphd@list +%} + +% hack parboxes to be single spaced +%? \makeatletter +\let\qmwphd@parbox=\parbox +\renewcommand{\parbox}{% + \par + \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\@currsize + \qmwphd@parbox +} + +% hack eqnarray too (was ...array@i - why?) +\let\qmwphd@eqnarray=\eqnarray +\renewcommand{\eqnarray}{% + \par + \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\@currsize + \qmwphd@eqnarray +} + +% footnotes are single-spaced and \small instead of \footnotesize. + +\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1] +{\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\small +\parindent 1em% + \noindent + \hb@xt@1.8em{\hss\@makefnmark}#1} + +% This seems to work. + +\newenvironment{notspaced}{\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\@currsize}{} + +% sectioning commands adapted from report.cls +% reduced space measurements from Richard Dallaway's iot.sty + +\renewcommand{\section}{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@} + {-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex} + {1.5ex plus.2ex} + {\balancedraggedright\secnamestyle}} +\renewcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% + {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}% + %{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}% + {0.5ex \@plus .2ex}% + {\balancedraggedright\subsecnamestyle}} +\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% + %{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}% + {-1ex\@plus -0.5ex \@minus -.1ex}% + %{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}% + {0.25ex \@plus .1ex}% + {\balancedraggedright\subsubsecnamestyle}} +\renewcommand{\paragraph}{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% + %{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}% + {-1ex\@plus -0.5ex \@minus -.1ex}% + {-1em}% + {\paranamestyle}} +\renewcommand{\subparagraph}{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}% + %{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}% + {-1ex\@plus -0.5ex \@minus -.1ex}% + {-1em}% + {\subparanamestyle}} +% frontmatter + +% order of frontmatter from regulations: + +%Title page % U. of London says +%Summary % Abstract follows Title Page +%Contents % and then Contents etc. +%List of tables, figures, etc. + +%Acknowledgements (if any) + +% mainmatter + +%Chapters +%Bibliography + +% backmatter + +%Appendices + +% title page definitions: +% \author, \title, \qualification, \university, \date (month and year of +% submission) + +\renewcommand\author[1]{\gdef\@author{#1}} +\renewcommand\title[1]{\gdef\@title{#1}} +\newcommand\qualification[1]{\gdef\@qualification{#1}} + +\qualification{Doctor of Philosophy} + +% the university to which the degree is being submitted % = College -ae + +\newcommand\university[1]{\gdef\@university{#1}} + +\university{Queen Mary, University of London} % College name. -ae + +%-ae \renewcommand{\today}{ +%-ae \ifcase\month\or +%-ae January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or +%-ae July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi, +%-ae \space \number\year} +\newcommand{\yeartoday}{\number\year} + +\renewcommand\date[1]{\gdef\@date{#1}} + +%-ae % default to \today + +%-ae \date{\today} +\date{\yeartoday} + +% declaration + +% No declaration. -ae +%-ae \newcommand{\declaration}[1]{\gdef\@declaration{#1}} + +% default from regulations + +%-ae \declaration{% +%-ae I hereby declare that this thesis has not been submitted, either in +%-ae the same or different form, to this or any other university for a +%-ae degree.% +%-ae } + +% Acknowledgements (optional). +\newenvironment{acknowledgements}{% + \chapter*{\acknowledgementsname}% + %\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\acknowledgementsname}% +}{% + \clearpage +} + +% preface -- sources and extent of any joint work + +% No preface. -ae +%-ae \newenvironment{preface}{% +%-ae \chapter*{\prefacename}% +%-ae % \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\prefacename}% +%-ae}{% +%-ae \clearpage +%-ae} + +% summary (or abstract) -- 300 words +% This shares a lot of code with \maketitle: + +\newcommand{\ssxdphil@summary@maketitle@top}{{% + \clearpage + \thispagestyle{headings}% Was empty. -ae + \balancedraggedright + \vspace*{1.32cm} % same as chapter-head display + \titlestyle\@title \par + \bigskip + \authornamestyle \@author \par + \normalfont\normalsize + \vspace{1cm}% +}} + +\newcommand{\ssxdphil@summary@maketitle@bot}{{% + \par\vfill\balancedraggedright + Submitted for the degree of \@qualification \par + \medskip + \@university \par + \medskip + \@date \par +}} + +% The summary is run single-spaced. + +\newenvironment{summary}{% + \cleardoublepage + \ssxdphil@summary@maketitle@top + \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\normalsize + \section*{\summaryname}% +}{% + \par + \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{\globalbaselinestretch}\normalsize + \ssxdphil@summary@maketitle@bot + \clearpage +} + +% Title-page + +\renewcommand{\maketitle}{% + \ssxdphil@summary@maketitle@top + \ssxdphil@summary@maketitle@bot + \clearpage +%-ae \chapter*{\declarationname}% +%-ae \@declaration\par +%-ae \vspace{5cm}% +%-ae \noindent\signaturename:\par +%-ae \clearpage +} + +% Gross document structure + +%\newcommand{\frontmatter}{\clearpage\pagenumbering{roman}} +% All pages arabic. -ae +\newcommand{\frontmatter}{\clearpage} +%-ae \newcommand{\mainmatter}{\clearpage\pagenumbering{arabic}} +\newcommand{\mainmatter}{\clearpage} +\newcommand{\backmatter}{\clearpage\appendix} + +% Float parameters + +\setcounter{topnumber}{2} +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{.7} +\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1} +\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{.3} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{3} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{.2} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.5} +\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2} +\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{.7} +\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{.5} + +% Floats can't go at the bottom or in-line by default: + +\renewcommand{\fps@figure}{tp} +\renewcommand{\fps@table}{tp} + +% Caption name set in \captionnamestyle with name in \captionstyle. + +%\renewcommand{\@makecaption}[2]{ +% \medskip +% \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\captionnamestyle#1.} {\captionstyle#2}} +% \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize {\centering{\captionnamestyle #1.} +% {\captionstyle#2\par}} \else \hbox +%to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil} +% \fi} + +% sje -- change caption style +% This taken from report.cls +\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{% + \vskip\abovecaptionskip + \sbox\@tempboxa{#1: #2}% + \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize + #1: #2\par + \else + \global \@minipagefalse + \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}% + \fi + \vskip\belowcaptionskip} + +% Bibliography adds a toc entry. + +\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1] + {\chapter*{\bibname}% + \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%%%% ADDITION + \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}% + {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}% + \leftmargin\labelwidth + \advance\leftmargin\labelsep +%-ae \if@openbib +%-ae \advance\leftmargin\bibindent +%-ae \itemindent -\bibindent +%-ae \listparindent \itemindent +%-ae \parsep \z@ +%-ae \fi + \usecounter{enumiv}% + \let\p@enumiv\@empty + \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}% +%-ae \if@openbib +%-ae \renewcommand\newblock{\par}% +%-ae \else + \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}% +%-ae \fi + \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000% + \sfcode`\.=\@m} + {\def\@noitemerr + {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}% + \endlist} + +% Index adds a toc entry. + +\renewenvironment{theindex} + {\if@twocolumn + \@restonecolfalse + \else + \@restonecoltrue + \fi + \columnseprule \z@ + \columnsep 35\p@ + \twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]% + \markboth{\indexname}{}% + \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\indexname}%%%% ADDITION + \thispagestyle{headings}\parindent\z@%%% Was empty. -ae + \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax + \let\item\@idxitem} + {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi} + +%%% CHANGELOG + +% jkb, 1995/09/19: Created MIT Press-style chapterhead + +% jkb, 1995/09/19: Sorted out top/bottom margins + +% jkb, 1995/09/19: Reduced space around headings + +% jkb, 1995/09/20: Roughed out titlepage with ssxcrest + +% jkb, 1995/09/20: Roughed out declaration page + +% jkb, 1995/09/20: Changed epsfig to graphics + +% jkb, 1995/09/20: Changed font package from times to mathptm -- +% has the effect of changing \sfdefault from phv to cmss +% and \ttdefault from Courier + +% jkb, 1995/09/20: Discovered that thesis.sty has bottom-centred +% page-numbers and is still approved by the PG office + +% jkb, 1995/09/20: Added book.cls-style \frontmatter and \mainmatter commands + +% jkb, 1995/10/20: Tried creating left-justified title-page and summary + +% jkb, 1995/10/20: Added default empty acknowledgements command + +% jkb, 1995/10/25: First draft version completed + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Made summary, etc. non-declarative. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Removed the \summary* commands. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Removed \makefrontmatter. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Replaced `spacing' option by `thesis' option, and +% made it one-sided by default. Added the csrp option. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Added \backmatter. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Added a ghastly hack to get all lists set +% single-spaced. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/07: Made title page and summary page similar in style. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/08: Made the title page and summary page share code, +% and removed the crest. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/08: Redesigned the running heads. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/08: Made section heads ragged right. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/08: Made ragged right material try to be more balanced. + +% ASAJ, 1995/12/08: Added \clearpage before setting the pagestyle. + +% jkb, 1995/12/13: Removed \addtoclines from acknowledgements and preface +% to sort out conflict between lack of folios and contents-page numbering + +% jkb, 1995/12/13: Fixed margins in twoside version -- both were +% set using \oddsidemargin. For CSRP version want same +% textwidth so as not to cause problems with explicitly sized +% figures etc., but can have more reasonable margins. + +% jkb, 1996/02/12: Added \university command. + +% jkb, 1996/02/12: Added final full point to D. Phil. (Hart's Rules). + +% jkb, 1996/02/14: Tidied comments. First release version completed. + +% ASAJ, 1996/04/01: Made the default title size \LARGE rather than +% \Large, so it's the same size as chapter openings. + +% ASAJ, 1996/05/03: Replaced \chaptername by \@chapapp in running heads. + +% ASAJ, 1996/05/14: \chapter* now updates the running head. \theindex +% and \thebibliography now add to the toc. + +% ASAJ, 1996/09/20: Footnotes are now in \footnotesize. `Submitted +% for the degree of' stuff is now at the page foot. + +% sje, 1997/02/05: Better setting of captions + +% ASAJ 1997/03/10: Corrected setting of running heads for index. + +