joachim99@80: Version 1.2, November 2002 joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. joachim99@80: 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA joachim99@80: Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies joachim99@80: of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. joachim99@80:joachim99@69: joachim99@80:
joachim99@80: 0. PREAMBLE joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other joachim99@80: functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to joachim99@80: assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, joachim99@80: with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. joachim99@80: Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way joachim99@80: to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible joachim99@80: for modifications made by others. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative joachim99@80: works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It joachim99@80: complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft joachim99@80: license designed for free software. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free joachim99@80: software, because free software needs free documentation: a free joachim99@80: program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the joachim99@80: software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; joachim99@80: it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or joachim99@80: whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License joachim99@80: principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that joachim99@80: contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be joachim99@80: distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a joachim99@80: world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that joachim99@80: work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, joachim99@80: refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a joachim99@80: licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you joachim99@80: copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission joachim99@80: under copyright law. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the joachim99@80: Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with joachim99@80: modifications and/or translated into another language. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of joachim99@80: the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the joachim99@80: publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject joachim99@80: (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly joachim99@80: within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a joachim99@80: textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any joachim99@80: mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical joachim99@80: connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, joachim99@80: commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding joachim99@80: them. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles joachim99@80: are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice joachim99@80: that says that the Document is released under this License. If a joachim99@80: section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not joachim99@80: allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero joachim99@80: Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant joachim99@80: Sections then there are none. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, joachim99@80: as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that joachim99@80: the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may joachim99@80: be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, joachim99@80: represented in a format whose specification is available to the joachim99@80: general public, that is suitable for revising the document joachim99@80: straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of joachim99@80: pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available joachim99@80: drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or joachim99@80: for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input joachim99@80: to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file joachim99@80: format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart joachim99@80: or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. joachim99@80: An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount joachim99@80: of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain joachim99@80: ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML joachim99@80: or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple joachim99@80: HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of joachim99@80: transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats joachim99@80: include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by joachim99@80: proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or joachim99@80: processing tools are not generally available, and the joachim99@80: machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word joachim99@80: processors for output purposes only. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, joachim99@80: plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material joachim99@80: this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in joachim99@80: formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means joachim99@80: the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, joachim99@80: preceding the beginning of the body of the text. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose joachim99@80: title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following joachim99@80: text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a joachim99@80: specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", joachim99@80: "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" joachim99@80: of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a joachim99@80: section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which joachim99@80: states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty joachim99@80: Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this joachim99@80: License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other joachim99@80: implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has joachim99@80: no effect on the meaning of this License. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 2. VERBATIM COPYING joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either joachim99@80: commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the joachim99@80: copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies joachim99@80: to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other joachim99@80: conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use joachim99@80: technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further joachim99@80: copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept joachim99@80: compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough joachim99@80: number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and joachim99@80: you may publicly display copies. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have joachim99@80: printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the joachim99@80: Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the joachim99@80: copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover joachim99@80: Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on joachim99@80: the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify joachim99@80: you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present joachim99@80: the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and joachim99@80: visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. joachim99@80: Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve joachim99@80: the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated joachim99@80: as verbatim copying in other respects. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit joachim99@80: legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit joachim99@80: reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent joachim99@80: pages. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering joachim99@80: more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent joachim99@80: copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy joachim99@80: a computer-network location from which the general network-using joachim99@80: public has access to download using public-standard network protocols joachim99@80: a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. joachim99@80: If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, joachim99@80: when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure joachim99@80: that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated joachim99@80: location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an joachim99@80: Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that joachim99@80: edition to the public. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the joachim99@80: Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give joachim99@80: them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 4. MODIFICATIONS joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under joachim99@80: the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release joachim99@80: the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified joachim99@80: Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution joachim99@80: and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy joachim99@80: of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or joachim99@80: appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material joachim99@80: copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all joachim99@80: of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the joachim99@80: list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. joachim99@80: These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains joachim99@80: nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various joachim99@80: parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has joachim99@80: been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a joachim99@80: standard. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a joachim99@80: passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list joachim99@80: of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of joachim99@80: Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or joachim99@80: through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already joachim99@80: includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or joachim99@80: by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, joachim99@80: you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit joachim99@80: permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License joachim99@80: give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or joachim99@80: imply endorsement of any Modified Version. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may combine the Document with other documents released under this joachim99@80: License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified joachim99@80: versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the joachim99@80: Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and joachim99@80: list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its joachim99@80: license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and joachim99@80: multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single joachim99@80: copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but joachim99@80: different contents, make the title of each such section unique by joachim99@80: adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original joachim99@80: author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. joachim99@80: Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of joachim99@80: Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" joachim99@80: in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled joachim99@80: "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", joachim99@80: and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections joachim99@80: Entitled "Endorsements." joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents joachim99@80: released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this joachim99@80: License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in joachim99@80: the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for joachim99@80: verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute joachim99@80: it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this joachim99@80: License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all joachim99@80: other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate joachim99@80: and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or joachim99@80: distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright joachim99@80: resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights joachim99@80: of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. joachim99@80: When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not joachim99@80: apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves joachim99@80: derivative works of the Document. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these joachim99@80: copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of joachim99@80: the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on joachim99@80: covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the joachim99@80: electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. joachim99@80: Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole joachim99@80: aggregate. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 8. TRANSLATION joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may joachim99@80: distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. joachim99@80: Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special joachim99@80: permission from their copyright holders, but you may include joachim99@80: translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the joachim99@80: original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a joachim99@80: translation of this License, and all the license notices in the joachim99@80: Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include joachim99@80: the original English version of this License and the original versions joachim99@80: of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between joachim99@80: the translation and the original version of this License or a notice joachim99@80: or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", joachim99@80: "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve joachim99@80: its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual joachim99@80: title. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 9. TERMINATION joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except joachim99@80: as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to joachim99@80: copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will joachim99@80: automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, joachim99@80: parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this joachim99@80: License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such joachim99@80: parties remain in full compliance. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions joachim99@80: of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new joachim99@80: versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may joachim99@80: differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See joachim99@80: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. joachim99@80: If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this joachim99@80: License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of joachim99@80: following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or joachim99@80: of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the joachim99@80: Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version joachim99@80: number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not joachim99@80: as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of joachim99@80: the License in the document and put the following copyright and joachim99@80: license notices just after the title page: joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. joachim99@80: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document joachim99@80: under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 joachim99@80: or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; joachim99@80: with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover joachim99@80: Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU joachim99@80: Free Documentation License". joachim99@80:joachim99@69: joachim99@80:
joachim99@80: If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, joachim99@80: replace the "with...Texts." line with this: joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the joachim99@80: Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. joachim99@80:joachim99@69: joachim99@80:
joachim99@80: If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other joachim99@80: combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the joachim99@80: situation. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@80:joachim99@80: If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we joachim99@80: recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of joachim99@80: free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, joachim99@80: to permit their use in free software. joachim99@80:
joachim99@69: joachim99@69: