joachim99@84: GNU Free Documentation License joachim99@84: Version 1.2, November 2002 joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. joachim99@84: 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA joachim99@84: Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies joachim99@84: of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 0. PREAMBLE joachim99@84: joachim99@84: The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other joachim99@84: functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to joachim99@84: assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, joachim99@84: with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. joachim99@84: Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way joachim99@84: to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible joachim99@84: for modifications made by others. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative joachim99@84: works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It joachim99@84: complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft joachim99@84: license designed for free software. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free joachim99@84: software, because free software needs free documentation: a free joachim99@84: program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the joachim99@84: software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; joachim99@84: it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or joachim99@84: whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License joachim99@84: principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS joachim99@84: joachim99@84: This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that joachim99@84: contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be joachim99@84: distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a joachim99@84: world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that joachim99@84: work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, joachim99@84: refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a joachim99@84: licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you joachim99@84: copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission joachim99@84: under copyright law. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the joachim99@84: Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with joachim99@84: modifications and/or translated into another language. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of joachim99@84: the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the joachim99@84: publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject joachim99@84: (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly joachim99@84: within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a joachim99@84: textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any joachim99@84: mathematics.) 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For works in joachim99@84: formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means joachim99@84: the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, joachim99@84: preceding the beginning of the body of the text. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose joachim99@84: title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following joachim99@84: text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a joachim99@84: specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", joachim99@84: "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" joachim99@84: of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a joachim99@84: section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which joachim99@84: states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty joachim99@84: Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this joachim99@84: License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other joachim99@84: implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has joachim99@84: no effect on the meaning of this License. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 2. VERBATIM COPYING joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either joachim99@84: commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the joachim99@84: copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies joachim99@84: to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other joachim99@84: conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use joachim99@84: technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further joachim99@84: copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept joachim99@84: compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough joachim99@84: number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and joachim99@84: you may publicly display copies. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have joachim99@84: printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the joachim99@84: Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the joachim99@84: copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover joachim99@84: Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on joachim99@84: the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify joachim99@84: you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present joachim99@84: the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and joachim99@84: visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. joachim99@84: Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve joachim99@84: the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated joachim99@84: as verbatim copying in other respects. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit joachim99@84: legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit joachim99@84: reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent joachim99@84: pages. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering joachim99@84: more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent joachim99@84: copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy joachim99@84: a computer-network location from which the general network-using joachim99@84: public has access to download using public-standard network protocols joachim99@84: a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. joachim99@84: If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, joachim99@84: when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure joachim99@84: that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated joachim99@84: location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an joachim99@84: Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that joachim99@84: edition to the public. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the joachim99@84: Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give joachim99@84: them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 4. MODIFICATIONS joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under joachim99@84: the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release joachim99@84: the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified joachim99@84: Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution joachim99@84: and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy joachim99@84: of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct joachim99@84: from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions joachim99@84: (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section joachim99@84: of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version joachim99@84: if the original publisher of that version gives permission. joachim99@84: B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities joachim99@84: responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified joachim99@84: Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the joachim99@84: Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), joachim99@84: unless they release you from this requirement. joachim99@84: C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the joachim99@84: Modified Version, as the publisher. joachim99@84: D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. joachim99@84: E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications joachim99@84: adjacent to the other copyright notices. joachim99@84: F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice joachim99@84: giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the joachim99@84: terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. joachim99@84: G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections joachim99@84: and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. joachim99@84: H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. joachim99@84: I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add joachim99@84: to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and joachim99@84: publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If joachim99@84: there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one joachim99@84: stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as joachim99@84: given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified joachim99@84: Version as stated in the previous sentence. joachim99@84: J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for joachim99@84: public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise joachim99@84: the network locations given in the Document for previous versions joachim99@84: it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. joachim99@84: You may omit a network location for a work that was published at joachim99@84: least four years before the Document itself, or if the original joachim99@84: publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. joachim99@84: K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", joachim99@84: Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all joachim99@84: the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements joachim99@84: and/or dedications given therein. joachim99@84: L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, joachim99@84: unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers joachim99@84: or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. joachim99@84: M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section joachim99@84: may not be included in the Modified Version. joachim99@84: N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" joachim99@84: or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. joachim99@84: O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or joachim99@84: appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material joachim99@84: copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all joachim99@84: of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the joachim99@84: list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. joachim99@84: These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains joachim99@84: nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various joachim99@84: parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has joachim99@84: been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a joachim99@84: standard. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a joachim99@84: passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list joachim99@84: of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of joachim99@84: Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or joachim99@84: through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already joachim99@84: includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or joachim99@84: by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, joachim99@84: you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit joachim99@84: permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License joachim99@84: give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or joachim99@84: imply endorsement of any Modified Version. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may combine the Document with other documents released under this joachim99@84: License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified joachim99@84: versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the joachim99@84: Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and joachim99@84: list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its joachim99@84: license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and joachim99@84: multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single joachim99@84: copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but joachim99@84: different contents, make the title of each such section unique by joachim99@84: adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original joachim99@84: author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. joachim99@84: Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of joachim99@84: Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" joachim99@84: in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled joachim99@84: "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", joachim99@84: and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections joachim99@84: Entitled "Endorsements". joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents joachim99@84: released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this joachim99@84: License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in joachim99@84: the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for joachim99@84: verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute joachim99@84: it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this joachim99@84: License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all joachim99@84: other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS joachim99@84: joachim99@84: A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate joachim99@84: and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or joachim99@84: distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright joachim99@84: resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights joachim99@84: of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. joachim99@84: When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not joachim99@84: apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves joachim99@84: derivative works of the Document. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these joachim99@84: copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of joachim99@84: the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on joachim99@84: covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the joachim99@84: electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. joachim99@84: Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole joachim99@84: aggregate. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 8. TRANSLATION joachim99@84: joachim99@84: Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may joachim99@84: distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. joachim99@84: Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special joachim99@84: permission from their copyright holders, but you may include joachim99@84: translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the joachim99@84: original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a joachim99@84: translation of this License, and all the license notices in the joachim99@84: Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include joachim99@84: the original English version of this License and the original versions joachim99@84: of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between joachim99@84: the translation and the original version of this License or a notice joachim99@84: or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", joachim99@84: "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve joachim99@84: its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual joachim99@84: title. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 9. TERMINATION joachim99@84: joachim99@84: You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except joachim99@84: as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to joachim99@84: copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will joachim99@84: automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, joachim99@84: parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this joachim99@84: License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such joachim99@84: parties remain in full compliance. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE joachim99@84: joachim99@84: The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions joachim99@84: of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new joachim99@84: versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may joachim99@84: differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. 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If the Document does not specify a version joachim99@84: number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not joachim99@84: as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents joachim99@84: joachim99@84: To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of joachim99@84: the License in the document and put the following copyright and joachim99@84: license notices just after the title page: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. joachim99@84: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document joachim99@84: under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 joachim99@84: or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; joachim99@84: with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. joachim99@84: A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU joachim99@84: Free Documentation License". joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, joachim99@84: replace the "with...Texts." line with this: joachim99@84: joachim99@84: with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the joachim99@84: Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other joachim99@84: combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the joachim99@84: situation. joachim99@84: joachim99@84: If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we joachim99@84: recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of joachim99@84: free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, joachim99@84: to permit their use in free software.