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author Chris Cannam
date Fri, 13 Oct 2017 09:23:49 +0100
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@base <http://purl.org/ontology/temperament/> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix vs: <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix tm: <http://purl.org/ontology/temperament/> .
@prefix : <http://purl.org/ontology/temperament/> .
@prefix pc: <http://purl.org/ontology/temperament/pitchclass/> .
@prefix tm: <> .

<http://purl.org/ontology/temperament/>
    a owl:Ontology;
    dc:title "The OMRAS2 Temperament Ontology";
    owl:versionInfo "Draft Revision: 1.0";
    dc:description """
	This ontology can be used to give a detailed description 
	of the tuning of an instrument.
	""";
	dc:date "$Date: 2009/11/18 13:54:19 $" .


# Status of terms
vs:term_status a owl:AnnotationProperty.

###############################################
# Part 1: Core terms defined in this ontology #
###############################################

tm:Temperament a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Temperament";
	rdfs:comment """A temperament specifies a system of 
	instrument tuning.
	Tempering is a way of altering the size of intervals, 
	such that they no longer based on pure rational intervals.""";
	vs:term_status "stable" .


tm:RegularTemperament a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:Temperament;
	rdfs:label "Regular Temperament";
	rdfs:comment """Regular temperament is a class of temperaments 
	where each interval is altered by the same amount.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .


tm:WellTemperament a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:Temperament;
	rdfs:label "Well Temperament";
	rdfs:comment """Well temperament represents a system of tuning 
	where 5ths are tempered by irregular amounts, such that some 5ths 
	are tempered by an equal amount, while others remain pure.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .


tm:MeantoneTemperament a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:Temperament;
	rdfs:label "Meantone Temperament";
	rdfs:comment """In a meantone temperament, each fifth is narrowed 
	by the same amount relative to its width in Just Intonation. """;
	vs:term_status "unstable" .


tm:RestrictedTemperament a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:Temperament;
	rdfs:label "Restricted Temperament";
	rdfs:comment """In restricted temperaments 
	playing some keys results in poor intonation. """;
	vs:term_status "unstable" .


tm:TemperamentDescription a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Temperament Description";
	rdfs:comment """
	A super class of temperament descriptions using,
	for example, deviation from equal temperament, 
	or the circle of fifths.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

#properties 

tm:description
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty;
    rdfs:label "temperament description";
    rdfs:comment """ Associates a temperament with its detailed description.""";
    rdfs:domain tm:Temperament;
    rdfs:range tm:TemperamentDescription;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:constraint
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty;
    rdfs:label "mathematical constraint";
    rdfs:comment """A mathematical constrain on the temperament (This can be described in a named graph or and N3 graph literal).""";
    rdfs:domain tm:TemperamentDescription;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .


###############################################
# Part 2: Auxiliary parts required for temperament descriptions 	  #
###############################################

tm:Comma a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Comma";
	rdfs:comment """A comma is a very small interval between 
	two enharmonic notes tuned in different ways. (Source: Wikipedia) """;
	vs:term_status "stable" .

tm:PitchClass a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Pitch Class";
	rdfs:comment """The set of all pitches that are a 
	whole number of octaves apart.""";
	vs:term_status "stable" .

tm:Interval a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Interval";
	rdfs:comment """Describes the relationship between the 
	pitches of two notes or pitch classes.""";
	vs:term_status "stable" .
	
tm:PitchClassInterval a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:Interval;
	rdfs:label "Pitch Class Interval";
	rdfs:comment """Describes the relationship between two pitch classes.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .


tm:FifthInterval a rdf:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:PitchClassInterval ;
	rdfs:label "Fifth Interval";
	rdfs:comment """A fifth interval between notes, either 
	pure or altered. In the case of a pure fifth it is a 
	frequecy ratio of 3:2. We may use it to represent a 
	specific interval on the circle of fifths, with a specific
	deviation from a pure fifth. """;
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:WolfInterval a rdf:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:Interval ;
	rdfs:label "Wolf Interval";
	rdfs:comment """An interval which is regarded as howling may be 
	called a wolf interval. It is typically a wolf fifth in 
	meantone temperament. """;
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

###############################################
# Part 3: Detailed temperament description	  #
###############################################

#description classes

tm:DeviationsFromEqual a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:TemperamentDescription;
	rdfs:label "Deviations From Equal";
	rdfs:comment """A type of temperament description which describes 
	a tuning in terms of the deviation of each note (in cents) 
	from the equal temperament.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:CircleOfFifths a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:TemperamentDescription;
	rdfs:label "Circle Of Fifths";
	rdfs:comment """We use the circle of fifth to describe a temperament.
	Each alteration of a fifth can be expressed in a number of ways,
	for example, we may express interval deviations in a particular
	comma.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:IntervalDeviation a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Interval Deviation (from pure interval)";
	rdfs:comment """Represents any type of alteration of a pure interval.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:PitchClassDeviation a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:label "Pitch Class Deviation";
	rdfs:comment """Deviation in cents of a pitch class from its value in equal temperament.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:DeviationFromFifth a owl:Class;
	a rdfs:Class;
	rdfs:subClassOf tm:IntervalDeviation;
	rdfs:label "Deviation from Fifth";
	rdfs:comment """Represent the deviation from a pure fifth interval.""";
	vs:term_status "unstable" .

# properties

tm:interval
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty;
    rdfs:label "interval";
    rdfs:comment """Associates a specific interval on the circle of fifths. """;
    rdfs:domain tm:TemperamentDescription;
    rdfs:range tm:Interval;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:deviation
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "interval deviation";
    rdfs:comment """Links an interval with a particular deviation
	from pure that characterises the interval.""";
    rdfs:domain tm:Interval;
    rdfs:range tm:IntervalDeviation;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:pitch_class_deviation
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "pitch class deviation";
    rdfs:comment """The deviation of a particular pitch class in the described 
	temperament from its equivalent in equal temperament.""";
    rdfs:domain tm:DeviationsFromEqual;
    rdfs:range tm:PitchClassDeviation;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:comma
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "comma";
    rdfs:comment """Links an interval deviation with a type of comma. """;
    rdfs:domain tm:IntervalDeviation;
    rdfs:range tm:Comma;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:value 
	a rdf:Property, owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "deviation value";
    rdfs:comment """Links an interval deviation to its float value (in cents). """;
    rdfs:domain tm:IntervalDeviation, tm:PitchClassDeviation;
	rdfs:range xsd:float;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

# please refine the terminology here : 

tm:lower
	a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "lower pitch class";
    rdfs:comment """Links an interval a pitch calss which is lower on a scale.""";
    rdfs:domain tm:Interval;
	rdfs:range tm:PitchClass;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:upper
	a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "upper pitch class";
    rdfs:comment """Links an interval with a pitch class which is higher on a scale compared to the other pitch class of this interval.""";
    rdfs:domain tm:Interval;
	rdfs:range tm:PitchClass;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:pitch_class
	a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "pitch class";
    rdfs:comment """The pitch class of a particular pitch class deviation. 
	This can be used to express deviations from equal temperament.""";
    rdfs:domain tm:PitchClassDeviation;
	rdfs:range tm:PitchClass;
    vs:term_status "unstable" .

tm:frequency_ratio
    a rdf:Property, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty;
	rdfs:label "frequency ratio";
	rdfs:comment """The frequency ratio of the two pitch classes in the interval.
	This may be a single value or an expression (given for example in an N3 graph literal).""";
	rdfs:domain tm:intarval;
	vs:term_status "unstable" .
	
###############################################
# Part 4: Individuals                		  #
###############################################

# some named temperaments

tm:Valotti a tm:WellTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "Valotti" .

tm:Neidhardt a tm:WellTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "Neidhardt" .

tm:Bendeler a tm:WellTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "Bendeler" .
	
tm:Stanhope a tm:WellTemperament ;
    rdfs:label "Stanhope" .

tm:KirnbergerIII a tm:WellTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "KirnbergerIII" .
	
tm:YoungII a tm:WellTemperament ;
    rdfs:label "YoungII" .

tm:WerckmeisterIII a tm:WellTemperament ;
 	rdfs:label "WerckmeisterIII" .
	
tm:QuarterCommaMeantone a tm:MeantoneTemperament;
	a tm:RegularTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "QuarterCommaMeantone" .

tm:FifthCommaMeantone a tm:MeantoneTemperament;
	a tm:RegularTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "FifthCommaMeantone" .

tm:SixthCommaMeantone a tm:MeantoneTemperament;
	a tm:RegularTemperament ;
	rdfs:label "SixthCommaMeantone" .
	


# specific commas 
	
:PythagoreanComma a tm:Comma;
	rdfs:label "Pythagorean Comma";
	rdfs:comment """One Pythagorean Comma, the difference between
	7 octaves and 12 pure fifths, is 23.5 cents. It is equivalent to the Ditonic comma.""" .

:DitonicComma a tm:Comma;
	rdfs:label "Ditonic Comma";
	rdfs:comment "The Ditonic comma is equivalent to the Pythagorean comma." ;
	owl:sameAs tm:PythagoreanComma .

:SyntonicComma a tm:Comma;
	rdfs:label "Syntonic Comma";
	rdfs:comment """One Syntonic Comma is 21.51 cents. """ .

:DidymusComma a tm:Comma;
	rdfs:label "Didymus Comma";
	rdfs:comment "The Didymus is equivalent to the Syntonic comma (21.51 cents)." ;
	owl:sameAs tm:SyntonicComma .

:Diaschisma a tm:Comma;
	rdfs:label "Diaschisma";
	rdfs:comment """One Diaschisma is 19.55 cents. """ .

:Schisma a tm:Comma;
	rdfs:label "Schisma";
	rdfs:comment """One Schisma is 1.95 cents. """ .


# individuals of pitch classes (e.g. to describe the circle of fifths) 

pc:A
    a tm:PitchClass;
	rdfs:label "A" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class A" .

pc:B
    a tm:PitchClass;
	rdfs:label "B" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class B" .

pc:C
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "C" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class C" .

pc:D
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "D" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class D" .

pc:E
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "E" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class E" .

pc:F
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "F" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class F" .

pc:G
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "G" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class G" .

pc:Ab
    a tm:PitchClass;
	rdfs:label "Ab" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Ab" .

pc:Bb
    a tm:PitchClass;
	rdfs:label "Bb" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Bb" .

pc:Cb
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Cb" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Cb" .

pc:Db
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Db" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Db" .

pc:Eb
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Eb" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Eb" .

pc:Fb
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Fb" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Fb" .

pc:Gb
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Gb" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Gb" .

pc:As
    a tm:PitchClass;
	rdfs:label "As" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class As" .

pc:Bs
    a tm:PitchClass;
	rdfs:label "Bs" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Bs" .

pc:Cs
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Cs" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Cs" .

pc:Ds
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Ds" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Ds" .

pc:Es
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Es" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Es" .

pc:Fs
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Fs" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Fs" .

pc:Gs
    a tm:PitchClass;
    rdfs:label "Gs" ;
	rdfs:comment "pitch class Gs" .